二相介质饱和土中群桩动力阻抗分析

用流体饱和多孔介质材料描述土体，由饱和土和群桩及承台系统的位移协调条件和力平衡条件建立饱和土和群桩及承台系统动力相互作用的控制方程，分析饱和土中群桩动力阻抗。结果表明：孔隙流体对饱和土中桩基础动力阻抗有一定的影响；在饱和土具有不同的流体渗透系数时，饱和土中群桩动力阻抗也有一定差别。在地基上与基础结构动力相互作用研究中应该考虑地基土中孔隙流体的影响。     

层状饱和场地分布荷载的动力Green函数及应用

研究波在层状饱和场地中的传播,在理论和实际工程中均有十分重要的意义.采用Biot基本模型,利用层状饱和土的精确动力刚度矩阵,给出了层状饱和场地中分布荷载作用于与水平向有夹角的倾斜直线时的动力Green函数,解决了利用间接边界元法计算层状饱和场地中任意凹陷地形对地震波散射以及土一结构相互作用中的关键问题.     

三维层状场地中斜面均布荷载动力格林函数

在作者三维层状场地精确动力刚度矩阵基础上,给出了三维层状场地内部斜面均布荷载动力格林函数。本文格林函数包含了场地的所有基本力学特性,可用于三维层状局部场地中波的散射及土-结构相互作用等问题的求解。文中对所得结果进行了精度检验,同时给出了一些数值结果,包括均匀半空间和基岩上单一土层中竖面或斜面荷载作用下的位移和应力格林函数。     

三维层状场地的精确动力刚度矩阵及格林函数

本文对Wolf二维层状场地精确动力刚度矩阵进行推广,给出了三维层状场地的精确动力刚度矩阵。刚度矩阵具有对称的特点,且因刚度矩阵是精确的,计算结果不受土层单元厚度的影响,可以大大提高计算效率。文中对刚度矩阵进行了数值验证。利用三维层状场地动力刚度矩阵,计算分析了基岩上单一土层场地的动力响应。最后作为动力刚度矩阵的另一重要应用,给出了表面或埋置矩形均布荷载或集中荷载的动力格林函数计算方法。     

表面矩形基础阻抗函数的集中参数模型

本文在系统地研究了Ｗｏｌｆ二阶集中参数模型的基础上,完整地给出了表面刚性矩形基础阻抗函数的集中参数模型,同以往的工作相比,本文给出的集中参数模型能在更宽的频段上反映精确解的变化。     

不规则场地上基础的动阻抗及其在入射波作用下的输入运动

本文根据边界元方法建立了位不规则场上刚体的动阻抗和在入射平面波作用下的有效输入运动的分析模型，分析模型考虑了不规则场地和基础对入射波的散射作用以及土与基础的相互作用，通过验证确认了本方法的正确性，文中计算了凹陷，高地和盆地三种不规则场地土不同条件基础的动阻和有效输入的运动，并与半空间地基上相应基础的情况作了对比，计算表明，当基础尺寸与不规则场地范围可比时有必要用本文模型分析不规则场地的影响和土一结     

层状地基端承桩扭转动力阻抗研究

本文采用Novak薄层法推导粘弹性地基的扭转动力阻抗,并将其用于考虑桩土相互作用的单桩扭转动力阻抗,又通过传递矩阵法将此公式推广到求取层状地基单桩扭转动力阻抗。而且本文以工程中常用的端承桩为例,推导了层状地基中端承桩扭转动力阻抗的简化计算公式。根据此公式,分析了频率、上覆软土层厚度、上覆软土层刚度等因素对单桩扭转动力阻抗的影响,分析结果表明,随着振动频率提高,层状地基中端承单桩的扭转动力阻抗的实部有缓慢下降的趋势,而虚部则增大;随着上覆土层厚度的增加,层状地基中端承单桩的扭转动力阻抗的实部和虚部均减小;随着上覆土层刚度的减小,层状地基中端承单桩的扭转动力阻抗的实部减小,虚部在低频段减小,而在较高频率段则增大。     

饱和层状场地中任意凹陷地形对入射SV波的散射

利用饱和土层的精确动力刚度矩阵和动力格林(Green)函数,采用间接边界元法,在频域内求解了层状饱和场地中任意凹陷地形对入射SV波的散射问题.通过自由场反应分析,求得凹陷地形表面各点的位移和各单元的应力响应;同样计算了虚拟分布荷载的格林影响函数,求得相应的位移和应力响应;根据边界条件确定虚拟分布荷载,将自由场位移响应和...     

饱和软土自由场地地震反应特性振动台试验

为了解软土自由场地地震反应特性,开展饱和软土自由场地地震反应特性大型振动台模型试验。分别从模型体系自振特性、震陷位移及不同土层深度测点的加速度、动孔压比等动力响应指标方面,较为深入和全面地分析饱和软土自由场地地震反应规律、破坏机理。同时还分析模型箱的"边界效应"以验证试验土箱的合理性、有效性和测试仪器性能,并由此进一步确定模型地基有效工作区域。研究表明:(1)地震动作用下,饱和软土自由场地特征频率降低,阻尼增大;(2)饱和软土自由场地对水平输入地震波具有短周期滤波、长周期放大效应,且强震作用下地基失效并表现为减隔震作用;(3)饱和软土自由场地动孔压比优势区域位于浅埋土层,并随着输入地震动强度的增大,该区域动孔压比优势逐渐减弱。该研究可为非自由软土场地试验研究提供必要的技术经验。     

关于两相饱和介质中流相Green函数的解析解

自然界中许多动力学问题需要用两相饱和介质Green函数求得解答,本文在两相饱和介质位移场Green函数解答的基础上,求得的有关饱和流体孔隙压力,进、排流体流量等三个Green函数.从而使两相饱和介质涉及流体问题的Lamb方程能完整地使用.论文在推导过程中详细地阐述了流体三个Green函数的物理意义,并将所得结果与Chen（1994）的纯数学的结果作了对比.最后文章讨论了解析解的稳定性.     

3D scattering of obliquely incident plane SV waves by an alluvial valley embedded in a fluid-saturated,poroelastic layered half-space

The indirect boundary element method is used to study the 3D dynamic response of an infinitely long alluvial valley embedded in a saturated layered half-space for obli- quely incident SV waves. A wave-number transform is first applied along the valley＇s axis to reduce a 3D problem to a 2D plane strain problem. The problem is then solved in the section perpendicular to the axis of the valley. Finally, the 3D dynamic responses of the valley are obtained by an inverse wave-number transform. The validity of the method is con- firmed by comparison with relevant results. The differences between the responses around the valley embedded in dry and in saturated poroelastic medium are studied, and the effects of drainage conditions, porosity, soil layer stiffness, and soil layer thickness on the dynamic response are dis- cussed in detail resulting in some conclusions.     

3D scattering of obliquely incident plane SV waves by an alluvial valley embedded in a fluid-saturated,poroelastic layered half-space

The indirect boundary element method is used to study the 3D dynamic response of an infinitely long alluvial valley embedded in a saturated layered half-space for obliquely incident SV waves. A wave-number transform is first applied along the valley’s axis to reduce a 3D problem to a 2D plane strain problem. The problem is then solved in the section perpendicular to the axis of the valley. Finally, the 3D dynamic responses of the valley are obtained by an inverse wave-number transform. The validity of the method is confirmed by comparison with relevant results. The differences between the responses around the valley embedded in dry and in saturated poroelastic medium are studied, and the effects of drainage conditions, porosity, soil layer stiffness, and soil layer thickness on the dynamic response are discussed in detail resulting in some conclusions.     

瑞雷波斜入射下层状半空间中沉积谷地周围的三维散射研究

针对层状半空间中沉积谷地对斜入射瑞雷波的三维散射问题, 采用直接刚度法计算自由场波场, 以层状半空间中移动斜线均布荷载动力格林影响函数求解三维散射波场, 建立了求解该问题的间接边界元方法. 通过与已有结果的比较, 验证了该方法的正确性, 并以均匀半空间以及弹性基岩上单一土层场地中沉积谷地为例进行了计算分析. 研究结果表明： 层状半空间与均匀半空间中沉积谷地对瑞雷波的散射存在显著差别; 层状半空间中瑞雷波的振动模态对沉积附近位移幅值有着重要影响; 土层刚度和厚度等参数也对沉积附近位移幅值大小及空间分布有着显著的影响.     

Green''''s functions for uniformly distributed loads acting on an inclined line in a poroelastic layered site

Based on one type of practical Biot's equation and the dynamic-stiffness matrices of a poroelastic soil layer and half-space, Green's functions were derived for uniformly distributed loads acting on an inclined line in a poroelastic layered site. This analysis overcomes significant problems in wave scattering due to local soil conditions and dynamic soil-structure interaction. The Green's functions can be reduced to the case of an elastic layered site developed by Wolf in 1985. Parametric studies are then carried out through two example problems.     

Dynamic stiffness of foundation embedded in layered halfspace based on wave propagation in cones

An Erratum has been published for this article in Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics 33(6) 2004, 793. The dynamic stiffness of a foundation embedded in a multiple‐layered halfspace is calculated postulating one‐dimensional wave propagation in cone segments. In this strength‐of‐materials approach the sectional property of the cone segment increases in the direction of wave propagation. Reflections and refractions with waves propagating in corresponding cone segments occur at layer interfaces. Compared to rigorous procedures the novel method based on cone segments is easy to apply, provides conceptual clarity and physical insight in the wave propagation mechanisms. This method postulating one‐dimensional wave propagation in cone segments with reflections and refractions at layer interfaces is evaluated, calculating the dynamic stiffness of a foundation embedded in a multiple‐layered halfspace. For sites resting on a flexible halfspace and fixed at the base, engineering accuracy (deviation of ±20%) is achieved for all degrees of freedom with a vast parameter variation. The behaviour below the cut‐off frequency in an undamped site fixed at its base is also reliably predicted. The accuracy is, in general, better than for the method based on cone frustums, which can lead to negative damping. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

3D Diffraction of obliquely incident SH waves by twin infinitely long cylindrical cavities in layered poroelastic half-space

This paper studies three-dimensional diffraction of obliquely incident plane SH waves by twin infinitely long cylindrical cavities in layered poroelastic half-space using indirect boundary element method. The approach is validated by comparison with the literature, and the effects of cavity interval, incident frequency, and boundary drainage condition on the diffraction are studied through numerical examples. It is shown that, the interaction between two cavities is significant and surface displacement peaks become large when two cavities are close, and the surface displacement may be significantly amplified by twin cavities, and the influence range with large amplification can be as wide as 40 times of the cavity radius. Surface displacements in dry poroelastic case and saturated poroelastic cases with drained and undrained boundaries are evidently different under certain circumstances, and the differences may be much larger than those in the free-field response.     

Response of L-shaped rigid foundations embedded in a uniform half-space to traveling seismic waves

A simplified indirect boundary element method is applied to compute the impedance functions for L-shaped rigid foundations embedded in a homogeneous viscoelastic half-space. In this method, the waves generated by the 3D vibrating foundation are constructed from radiating sources located on the actual boundary of the foundation. The impedance functions together with the free-field displacements and tractions generated along the soil–foundation interface are used to calculate the foundation input motion for incident P, S and Rayleigh waves. This is accomplished by application of Iguchi's averaging method which, in turn, is verified by comparison with results obtained rigorously using the relation between the solutions of the basic radiation (impedance functions) and scattering (input motions) problems. Numerical results are presented for both surface-supported and embedded foundations. It is shown how the seismic response of L-shaped foundations with symmetrical wings differs from that of enveloping square foundations. The effects of inclination and azimuth of the earthquake excitation are examined as well. These results should be of use in analyses of soil–structure interaction to account for the traveling wave effects usually overlooked in practice.     

Horizontal impedance of square foundation in layered soil

This paper presents an extensive investigation into the influence of key mechanical and geometrical parameters on horizontal impedance of square foundations resting on or embedded in a two-layer soil deposit. The parameters investigated are the ratio of shear-wave velocities, the thickness of the top layer, the depth of embedment and the degree of contact between the footing-sidewall with backfill-soil. The results are presented in the form of simple and versatile dimensionless graphs, which should prove to be useful in understanding the steady-state harmonic response of square foundations in layered soils due to horizontal excitation. The investigation was conducted using a rigorous boundary element algorithm incorporating isoparametric boundary elements. Higher order quadratic elements were used since they can model the wavy nature of the dynamic problem investigated more accurately.