非理想二组分硅酸盐熔体结晶动力学行为研究…

严格依据化学反应动力学的基本原理，建立了二组分非理想正规溶液的结晶速率表达式，对该作了理论分析，得到了系统定态失稳而产物ｈｏｐｒ分叉的必要条件是固相的交换能Ｗｓ与ＲＴ之比必须大于２的重要结论，并证明了系统在不同参数下可以出现超临界ｈｏｐｆ分和亚临界ｈｏｐｆ分叉。     

尖晶石晶体生长机理的科学计算研究

建立尖晶石晶体生长基元的数学模型，讨论了尖晶石晶体的生长机理。     

二组分结晶动力学系统不稳定恶性稳定性的判别

“界面质量守恒方程和一些生长层的自组织模型”一文建立了一个二组分结晶系统普适形式的动力学偏微分方程组，本文主要讨论这一偏微分方程组的稳定性，鉴于该稳定性没有现存的判别方法，构造了一个与其相关的常微分方程组，并证明了可以通过分析此常微分方程组的稳定性来判别原偏微分方程互助珠性。     

二水硫酸钙结晶动力学研究

主要研究了过饱和溶液中CaSO4 ·2H2 O晶体成核及生长现象 ,同时对垢的形成机理进行了探讨。实验表明 ,成核延迟时间随溶液过饱和度增大而减小 ;CaSO4 ·2H2 O晶体生长属于表面反应控制 ,且与粒径相关 ,当温度为 3 0℃ ,粒径为2 8～ 67μm ,Ca2 + 浓度为 0 .0 3 5mol/L时 ,晶体生长速度在 0 .5× 10 - 8～ 5 .8× 10 - 8m/s之间     

祁雨沟金矿自然金晶体形态和微形貌的生长动力学研究

根据自然金晶体生长和台阶运动的动力学以及台阶聚并规律,自然金的晶体形态和晶面微形貌具有较强规律性。晶体形态随温度和金的过饱和度增高,由（１１０）习性晶经（１００）习性晶演变为（１１１）习性晶;晶面上阶梯状生长纹的高胡金的过饱和度的增大而增高胡金的过饱和度的增大而增高,阶梯的密度随热液碱性程度的升高而增大。这一结论得到河南祁雨沟金矿Ⅴ、Ⅶ阶段自然金晶体形态的证实,并与其它金矿的地质事实和人工合成实验     

晶体生长的数学模型及其稳定能的科学计算

阐述了建立晶体生长数学模型的方法、技巧和意义，讨论了晶体生长稳定能的科学计算方法及其意义。     

不同反应条件对铜蓝晶体生长的影响

在环境温度下,水中Cu^2+与铁硫化物矿物交换反应形成的铜蓝的结晶度可以影响Cu^2+的回收效率及交换反应的完全程度。本文利用Cu Cl2和Na2S直接反应生成铜蓝,讨论了不同p H值、反应时间、反应温度、反应物浓度、反应物滴加速度、外加电解质浓度等条件对铜蓝晶体生长的影响,并采用XRD、TEM和EDX方法对铜蓝结晶度和形貌进行了表征,用Scherrer公式计算了晶体的平均粒径。结果表明,反应p H值越低,时间越长,温度越高,反应物滴加速度越慢,越有利于铜蓝晶体生长;铜蓝晶体结晶度随着反应物浓度的增加呈先增后减的趋势,而在不同外加电解质浓度条件下表现出不同的结晶度。     

透辉石-钙长石体系熔体在不同过冷条件下晶体生长研究

实验以透辉石-钙长石二元体系在不同过冷度下形成的透辉石晶体为研究对象,通过光学显微镜、X射线衍射、电子探针、透射电镜等手段进行分析,结果表明在透辉石生长边界发现存在过渡层的特点;透辉石晶体的形貌、成分、结构随着过冷度的增大都发生了明显的变化.随着过冷度的增大,晶体的自形程度逐渐降低,从自形、半自形向骸晶、枝晶变化;在透辉石硅氧骨干中,铝硅比值增大,铝代替镁形成[AlO6]八面体也增多,从而使透辉石的晶胞参数a,b呈减小趋势;c呈增大趋势.     

晶体生长基元的稳定能与闪锌矿的结晶形态

本文从负离子配位多面体生长基元模型出发，建立了闪锌矿晶体生长基元的数学模型，通过对闪锌矿晶体生长基元稳定能的计算，讨论了闪锌矿的结晶形态和生长机理     

热液条件下锐钛矿晶体生长的实验

为了解金属离子生长成为热液矿石矿物的过程和机理,使用氟钛酸钾稀溶液在100 MPa和200~400℃条件下开展了一系列等温不等时和等时变温实验.结果显示该热液条件下形成了不同形貌的锐钛矿.随着反应时间和温度的增加,锐钛矿由几十纳米生长至十几微米;10 h以内的晶体生长速度远高于10 h以后,相对高温下的晶体生长速度则高于低温,表明锐钛矿的热液生长与温度、过饱和程度密切相关.综合来看,粒子成核生长、定向附着和奥氏熟化先后控制了热液锐钛矿的生长,而金属在流体中的过饱和程度和溶解-沉淀过程则决定了其生长速度.因而锐钛矿的形态特征可用于指示其形成的温度、世代关系甚至含氟流体的演化历史.      

ZnAl2O4晶体的生长基元与结晶形态

从负离子配位多面体生长基元模型出发，建立了ZnAl2O4晶体生长基元的数学模型，并通过对ZnAl2O4晶体生长基元稳定能的计算，讨论了ZnAl2O4晶体生长基元的结构，从而认为正八面体是其有利生长基元。     

ZnAl_2O_4晶体的生长基元与结晶形态

从负离子配位多面体生长基元模型出发 ,建立了ZnAl2 O4 晶体生长基元的数学模型 ,并通过对ZnAl2 O4 晶体生长基元稳定能的计算 ,讨论了ZnAl2 O4 晶体生长基元的结构 ,从而认为正八面体是其有利生长基元。     

Thermodynamic Calculation of Solubility of Na2SO4/K2SO4 in Hydrothermal Fluids

Sulfate fluids are common fluids in nature, and their salinity studies can provide important information for the evolution of ore-forming fluids, migration and enrichment of ore-forming elements, and the classification of deposit types. Considerable research has been carried out to investigate the solubility of Na₂SO₄ and K₂SO₄ in hydrothermal fluids, however most of the literature reported experimental data were under saturated vapor pressure or the water supercritical region. A few data have been reported for the low temperature hydrothermal mineralization region. Thermodynamic model is a useful method to study the properties of hydrothermal geofluids, especially for mineral solubility. Pitzer interaction model is one of the most widely used model to calculate the thermodynamic properties of hydrothermal fluids, but few work have ever been carried out to calculate the solubility of sulfate at high temperature and pressure. With Pitzer specific interaction model, using the literature reported density data of Na₂SO₄ and K₂SO₄ solutions at high temperature and pressure, the pressure effect on Pitzer activity coefficient of sulfate and the standard partial molar volume change during sulfate dissolution process were evaluated and related parameters were obtained. The standard partial molar volumes of Na₂SO₄ and K₂SO₄ calculated with these parameters agreed well with those reported in the literature. Combined with the relevant parameters in the literature under saturated vapor pressure, a thermodynamic model for Na₂SO₄ and K₂SO₄ solubility calculation with temperature up to 250 ℃ and pressure up to 40 MPa was developed. The model gave very good agreement with the experimental solubility data. With this model, Na₂SO₄ and K₂SO₄ solubility was calculated at high temperature and pressure. The calculation results showed that pressure had a positive effect on both the average activity coefficient and solubility product of Na₂SO₄ and K₂SO₄, but the solubility of Na₂SO₄ and K₂SO₄ decreased with pressure due to the larger change of the average activity coefficient with pressure. And as the temperature increased, the degree of such reduction became larger. The results herein can provide instructions for the compositional analysis of sulfate fluid inclusions.     

The Effect of Additives on Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate Crystallization Kinetics in Gypsum Type Brine System

正1 Introduction There exist calcium and sulfate ions outside sodium chloride in solution mining for calcium sulfate brine.The calcium and sulfate ions not only affect the purity of the vacuum salt products,but also increase the scaling of vacuum evaporation tanks and brine reusing pipes.Additives have certain impacts on the crystallization dynamics(Randolph et al.,1971).The crystallization     

火山岩实验矿物的结晶形态及其生长动力学机制

本文对我国福建，江西，河南等地某些典型玄武岩和部分安山岩以及意大利维苏威火山的白榴响岩质玄岩进行了熔融，结晶，淬火实验研究，总结了斜长石，白榴石，橄榄石，斜方辉石，单斜辉石和磁铁矿等实验矿物的形态特征，探讨了微晶矿物，骸晶矿物和维晶矿物的生长学机制，阐述了矿物晶体形态与结晶温度，生长速度及熔浆ＳｉＯ２含量的关系。     

含氯盐和硫酸盐类盐渍土膨胀特性的研究

对含氯盐和硫酸盐类盐渍土的盐胀规律及影响因素进行了较为系统的试验研究，得出了盐胀随温度变化的若干规律，即盐胀随温度变化的关系式，起胀温度与各影响因素之间的关系式，盐胀与降温速度的关系式，成型温度对盐胀规律的影响等。分析了Ｎａ２ＳＯ４含量，ＮａＣｌ含量，Ｃｌ＾－／ＳＯ４＾２－，含水量对盐胀的影响，给出了盐胀与各影响因素之间的关系式。     

Thermal phase transition of potassium sulfate,K2SO4

The thermal phase transition of K₂SO₄ has been investigated by high temperature polarized light microscopy. K₂SO₄ undergoes a first-order transition at 587° C where the orthorhombic low temperature form (Pmcn) transforms into a hexagonal high temperature modification (P6₃/mmc). Prior to the beginning of the phase transition, K₂SO₄ shows an anomalous optical behavior. The crystal apparently becomes optically uniaxial twice at 338° and 425° C, respectively, and truly optically uniaxial at 587° C. The phase transition propagates through an intermediate temperature form, which is sandwiched between the low and the high temperature forms and moves in a definite direction, 〈130〉 (orthorhombic indices), in the vicinity of the phase transition. Passing through the phase transition point on cooling, dark belts crossing each other are observed which are a result of the transformation twins parallel to {110} and {130}.     

光催化降解乐果的动力学研究

采用30 W石英紫外灯作为光源,研究了乐果在二氧化钛悬浮体系中光催化降解反应的动力学规律。考察了乐果起始浓度、TiO2用量、溶液pH值及温度对乐果光催化降解速率的影响,结果表明,乐果光催化降解符合表观零级动力学规律。由于速率常数k与乐果起始浓度有关,表明乐果光催化降解反应不是一个简单的零级反应。