基于SD卡的七电极CTD数据采集系统

SD卡是在多媒体领域被应用很广的外部存储介质.文中介绍了如何使用单片机的SPI接口对SD卡进行控制和数据的读写.鉴于PIC单片机的诸多优点,在设计中使用PIC单片机作为核心部件可以使得电路设计更简洁,数据采集系统的性能较好.     

基于SPI接口和FIFO缓冲器的大容量高速实时数据存储方案

以海洋湍流观测样机中的数据存储接口电路为例,介绍一种基于C8051单片机的SPI(串行外设接口)、FI-FO(先入先出)缓冲器IDT72v01和闪存M25P64的大容量高速实时数据存储方案。该方案具有简易实用、运行稳定、低功耗、易扩展的特点,已成功应用于已开发的湍流监测仪器样机。     

C8051F单片机在海洋化学传感器中的应用

将具有体积小、低功耗、运行速度快等特点的C8051F单片机,应用于海洋现场监测的化学传感器数据处理中,为现场测量传感器要求的高可靠性、低功耗提供技术保证.简要介绍了C8051F单片机的性能特点,以及如何应用于负二价硫传感器数据处理.     

基于单片机的海洋环境监测系统的控制电路设计

设计并实现了一种基于C8051F340单片机的节能型自治式多功能海洋环境监测系统的控制电路.该电路利用模块化设计方法,通过合理选用器件和设计器件的工作模式,使控制电路具有低功耗、高可靠的特点.实验表明,该控制电路实现了潜标式主浮体对浮标式搭载平台的实时控制,同时实现了浮标搭载平台单向下潜、定点测量、自由上浮、自动避碰等状态的控制,方法简单新颖,实现了对海洋要素的长期连续观测.     

基于单片机和模糊控制的浮标自动防碰撞系统

针对海洋观测浮标易受过往船只碰撞及恶劣天气的影响而损坏,提出了基于单片机和模糊控制的浮标自动防碰撞系统。该系统以C8051F340单片机作为核心控制芯片,设计了控制系统的软硬件,实现了信号的采集、处理、分析和传送。以距离、风速信号及其变化量作为输入变量,建立了相应的模糊控制规则和控制算法,设计了模糊控制器,为浮标长期、安全运行提供了保证,并为海洋测量仪器实现智能化控制奠定了基础。     

船载内波快速观测技术设计

针对船载内波尤其内孤立波观测所面临的数据采样和快速下放所面临的技术问题,系统介绍了船载内波快速观测技术设计的基本路线.主要设计包括:系统的总体设计,SBE-49 CTD外部扩展数据采集系统技术,C8051F320和NAND结构的FLASH设计和甲板作业设备.满足了内波快速观测技术设计的要求.     

单通道低功耗大容量海洋声信号测量仪的设计与实现

海洋环境噪声是海洋声场的背景场,通常被当作干扰项,许多国家纷纷投入力量,开展海洋环境噪声数据获取、分析及噪声场建模工作。针对海洋环境噪声的测量,同时为了满足设备在水下较长时间工作,设计了一种基于ARM芯片的海洋声信号高速数据采集系统,即单通道低功耗大容量海洋声信号测量仪,集成温度传感器、压力传感器和同步模块,具备定时和连续两种工作方式。采用ARM Cortex-M3微控制器LPC7168控制24位AD芯片ADS1271实现声信号采集,最高采样速率可达50 k,采集的AD数据以文件格式存储在SD卡(容量256 Gbyte)中。采用单片机PIC12F509作为值班电路,PIC12F509在控制系统工作时作为看门狗使用。经过实验室试验和湖试,验证系统工作稳定,数据采集存储正常,在消声水槽完成与DSG比测试验,通过对回放数据的分析,验证采集数据一致性较好。试验证明声信号测量仪是获取海洋环境噪声的重要设备。     

USB接口在海洋数据存储中的应用

设计了一种新型海洋要素数据存储系统。该系统以USB接口进行数据存储,实现了对U盘的读写,解决了海洋数据采集过程中,数据存储量大、存储设备不易与PC机接口的问题。     

MMC/SD存储卡在海洋自动监测中的应用

简要介绍了MMC/SD大容量数据存储卡的技术性能.分析了存储卡在海洋监测应用中的技术优势,重点介绍了单片机与MMC/SD存储卡的电路接口和软件设计方法,实现了单片机对存储卡的文件系统管理,并在实际应用中取得了满意的效果,具有一定推广价值和良好应用前景.     

基于C805lF02l的智能化风传感器的设计

介绍了基于美国Cygnal公司新型、高速SoC(System on Chip)单片机C8051F021研制的数字化风速风向传感器。它能自动完成风速、风向参数的采集及处理，并以RS—232C(或RS—485)的形式输出。实验证明，该传感器电路紧凑、性能稳定、功能完善，在海洋、陆地气象站有着广泛的应用前景。     

Accurate current measurement using drogued buoys employing DeccaNavigator and Argos

Free-floating drogued buoys have been developed for detailed studies of tidal processes, frontal circulation, eddies, and mixing in the North Sea. They are equipped with two independent tracking systems-Decca Navigator and Argos. Decca Navigator, a hyperbolic radio navigation system with extensive coverage in Western Europe, provides accurate and frequent fixes, and the Argos satellite system is used to monitor progress in real time and to assist recovery. The low power consumption microprocessor-based Decca Navigator receiver designed specifically for this application synchronizes to the precisely timed Decca transmission and then goes into sleep mode, waking briefly at 10-min intervals to take position fixes. The position data are stored in a 2-Mb memory card that has a three-month capacity at the 10-min rate. The recovery procedure, using both Argos and a small VHF beacon, is described, together with other recent developments. A typical buoy track from a study in the North Sea is included     

利用高速DSP器件实现水下视频图像的数字化

以美国ＴＩ公司的第五代ＤＳＰ器件ＴＭＳ３２０Ｃ５０组成的水下视频图像数字化系统,利用独特的软件采集方法灵活地实现３种不同点阵数的图像数据采集,系统同时采用“内存页扩展”的方式实现了可以达４Ｇｂ（ｂｙｔｅｓ）容量的外部数据存贮的扩展,系统还设计了Ｃ５０芯片与高速Ａ／Ｄ及存取时间为７０ｎｓ的静态ＲＡＭ两种一同速度外设的接口电路,该系统较好地实现了水下视频图像模拟信号在规定时间内的数字化以及相应的数据笮     

Estimating the biological value of soft-bottom sediments with sediment profile imaging and grab sampling

Biological value estimation is based on a set of assessment questions and several thresholds to delineate areas of ecological importance (e.g. biodiversity). An existing framework, that was specifically designed to assess the ecosystem biodiversity, was expanded by adding new questions on the productivity, functionality and biogeochemical status of benthic habitats. The additional ecological and sedimentological information was collected by using sediment profile imagery (SPI) and grab sampling. Additionally, information on the performance and comparability of both techniques is provided in this study. The research idea was tested at a site near the harbor of Zeebrugge, an area under consideration as a new disposal site for dredged material from the harbor entrance.The sedimentology of the area can be adequately described based on the information from both SPI and Van Veen grab samples, but only the SPI revealed structural information on the physical habitat (layering, a-RPD). The latter information represented the current status of the benthic habitat, which was confirmed by the Van Veen grab samples. All information was summarized through the biological valuation framework, and provided clear evidence of the differences in biological value for the different sediment types within the area. We concluded that the installation of a new dredged material disposal site in this area was not in conflict with the benthic ecology. This area has a low biological value and the benthic system is adapted to changing conditions, which was signaled by the dominance of mobile, short living and opportunistic species.This study showed that suitable sedimentological and ecological information can be gathered by these traditional and complementary techniques, to estimate the biological value of an area in the light of marine spatial planning and environmental impact assessments.     

登陆广东省的初,终热带气旋分析及预测

本文分析了太平洋海温异常、ＥＮＳＯ与登陆广东省的初、终热带气旋的关系,并用海温建立了广东省初、终热带气旋的预报方程。     

石岛海域海浪数值模拟及特征分析

本文基于SWAN(Simulating Waves Nearshore)模式研究了2001～2016年石岛海浪有效波高的季节和年际变化特征,评估了不同区域风场对其贡献,并探讨了其与ENSO的关系。结果表明,石岛有效波高受黄海季风系统的影响呈现显著的季节变化:12月份最大, 6月份最小, 1%大波有效波高季节变化不显著。石岛有效波高年际变化信号显著,其与风速年际变化之间的关系存在季节性差异:石岛有效波高和石岛、黄海区域平均风速不同月份的年际异常分别在7、10月份相关性较高,而石岛1%大波有效波高和石岛、黄海区域平均1%大风风速不同月份的年际异常则在8月份左右相关性最高。不同区域风场对石岛有效波高场的影响也呈现了季节性差异:夏季,黄海南部区域风场对石岛海浪的贡献较大,而石岛风场的贡献较小;冬季,石岛风场的贡献较大。ENSO(El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation)事件会对石岛有效波高的年际变化产生一定的影响,但影响比较小。本研究旨在对石岛海浪在季节和年际尺度上的变化特征以及风场等影响因素进行研究,对该海域海浪场进行了详细的认识,对了解该海域海浪有重要意义。     

末次盛冰期以来冲绳海槽中段岩心中黏土粒级沉积物地球化学特征及物质来源的阶段性

测定了冲绳海槽DGKS9603孔21个样品中黏土粒级沉积物的常、微量元素组分,利用因子分析的方法,识别出对冲绳海槽中段沉积物物源有重要影响的陆源成因因子、生物成因因子及火山作用和海底热液因子.陆源成因因子的元素组合为Fe₂O₃,Al₂O₃,V等惰性元素及K₂O,MgO等氧化物;生源因子的元素组合为CaO,Sr,Ba,Mn,P;火山和海底热液成因因子的元素组合为Na,Co,Ni.据样品的因子得分将柱样由上而下划分出物源的4个不同阶段:A段生物成因因子得分高,沉积物质主要是本地生物沉积,但也有富含生物成因物质的陆源物质的贡献;B段火山作用所产生的沉积物质特征显著,Na,Co,Ni呈现高含量;C段以陆源物质和生源物质沉积混杂为特征,元素垂向上变化不大;D段主要为陆源物质,其他来源物质相对较少,且可能主要来自在末次冰期最盛期所出露的陆架沉积.提出了冲绳海槽物源具有阶段性的论点.由于末次盛冰期以来全球气候呈现冷暖交替的阶段性变化,本区物源的阶段性变化是这一时期气候和古环境阶段性变化的良好反映.     

Critical configurations of Lambert's 6‐station problem

Let A,B,C denote three mainland‐stations whose positions are unknown. Let D,E,F denote the positions of a moving ship at three different moments of time. At any of the locations D,E,F, the three azimuths to the target‐stations A,B,C are measured. The problem is to determine from these nine measurements the mutual positions of all stations A,B,C,D,E,F up to a common shift and a change of scale. The problem was formulated by J. H. Lambert in 1765. He also specified a mathematical solution. In this paper so‐called “critical configurations”; are investigated. It is shown that there are nontrivial configurations of the six stations A to F, such that solution of the problem is not unique (critical configuration of the first kind). There is a larger set of configurations, such that the linearized problem admits of an infinity of solutions (critical configurations of the second kind). In the latter case, the original nonlinear problem may be solvable, but the solution is highly unstable with respect to perturbations of the measurements. The main result obtained is as follows. If all stations A to F are located on a second degree curve, i.e., on a conic section, then the configuration is critical, at least of the second kind. The configuration continues to be critical if arbitrarily many observations and target‐points are added which are all situated on the second‐degree curve.     

浅海底拖曳TEM系统的网络通讯研究

针对TEM仪器置于海底进行资源勘探存在的问题,采用带网卡的PC/104-HXL/P300作为接收机的主处理器.在Windows98系统下同时运行采集和网络通讯应用程序,实现了底层数据采集和远程高效高速数据传输等功能.