Gottfried Konecny:the influence in the global development of the three geosciences

PREFACE The paper contains a brief overview of the professional activities of Professor Gottfried Konecny,Professor Emeritus at the Institute of Photogrammetry and GeoInformation,Leibniz University Hannover,Germany,and his influence on photogrammetry,remote sensing and geospatial infor-mation science during his time at the University of New Brunswick,Canada,and at the Leibniz University.His work can be divided into educational,scientific,application,organizational,and work in international societies.Additional activities comprised of giving courses in various languages,consultancy activities,and various other cooperations which took place in many South American countries,in Africa and Asia,for organizations such as the World Bank,United Nations,German Space Agency DLR,to name only a few.Activities in connection with international societies mainly took place during Prof.Konecny's engagement in the Council of the International Society for Photogrammetry(ISP),renamed the International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing(ISPRS),and the European Association of Remote Sensing Laboratories(EARSeL)Bureau.He was a key figure in bringing many countries and organizations to ISPRS as Ordinary and Sustaining Members.Professor Konecny has always been aware of the importance of international cooperation at various levels,also with sister societies such as the International Cartographic Association and the United Nations-Global Geospatial Information Management(UN-GGIM).His application activities span from the photogrammetry-oriented projects he was awarded in Canada,to remote sensing topics and geospatial sciences,combined with cartography during his Hannover period.His vision and endless effort are exemplary for a person who has always been devoted to the three geosciences mentioned above.Professor Konecny is the author of a number of books,journal papers and papers presented at international and national conferences.He has been a recognized keynote speaker at many conferences throughout the world due to his vast experience.This paper describes 75 years of a man who is an expert in fields which arose during his academic life.     

Gottfried Konecny:From draftsman to Professor emeritus-75 years of involvement in photogrammetry and remote sensing

This special issue is dedicated to Prof.Gottfried Konecny(see Figure 1),the former president of the International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing(ISPRS)on the occasion of his 90th birthday,which he celebrated in good health and spirits in June 2020(see Figure 2).A visionary leader and missionary of global topographic mapping,a world scientist and a world citizen who restlessly built and continues to build sustainable bridges between different generations and different peoples of the globe and a true pioneer of photogrammetry and remote sensing,Konecny has shaped our field of research and development over the last 75 years in ways second to none.He also has a very special con-nection to China,which prompted the Editor-in-Chief of Geo-spatial Information Science to suggest this jour-nal as a very good place to publish this special issue.As the successor of Prof.Konecny at the Institute of Photogrammetry and GeoInformation of Leibniz University Hannover,it is with great honor,joy and thankfulness that Christian Heipke accepted the invi-tation to be guest editor of this special issue,together with Deren Li.     

Gottfried Konecny:our best friend in photogrammetry and remote sensing of China

Preface Lebenslauf Prof.Dr.-Ing.mult Gottfried Konecny is one of the most respected names in photogrammetry.He is an Honorary Member of International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing(ISPRS),Honorary Professor of Wuhan Technical University of Surveying and Mapping,and our best friend.     

Gottfried Konecny:involvement of spatial information sciences in ISPRS disciplines

Preface I am pleased to contribute an article to GSIS to com-memorate the great achievements of Prof.Dr.Gottfried Konecny on the occasion of the celebration of his 90th birthday. I was lucky to work closely with Gottfried as an ISPRS Council member for the first time in 1984 in Rio de Janeiro,Brazil,when I was elected as Congress Director of the Kyoto ISPRS Congress to be held in 1988.Gottfried was elected as ISPRS President for 1984～1988.At the first Council meeting under the President Gottfried,he said to all Council members"as we are like a family,I request that we address each other by our first names".If he had not said this,I might have called him Professor Konecny,according to Japanese custom.     

Development of German-Ukrainian cooperations for education and research in photogrammetry and laser scanning

Since 2011 an intensive international cooperation has been in place between the Institute for Applied Photogrammetry and Geoinformatics(IAPG)at the Jade University of Applied Sciences in Oldenburg,Germany,and various Ukrainian universities.Following an initial contact by Prof.Gottfried Konecny,the first visit was organized,and was followed by many more.In subsequent years an intensive cooperation was established particularly with the National University for Construction and Architecture(KNUCA)in Kiev.In addition to architects and civil engineers,KNUCA also trains geodesists,geo-information scientists and landscape planners.The cooperation today includes the reciprocal exchange of scientists and students,research projects,courses and cooperation at many other levels.In addition,a commercial company has been established,SPM3D LLC,which now employs more than 14 engineers in the field of 3D acquisition,point cloud processing and modeling.This article summarizes the history of the cooperation and presents the results of associated student projects.In addition,results of joint work on the development of a virtual laser scanner are presented,part of a German-Ukrainian initiative to digitize teaching.     

Gottfried Konecny:the ambassador of photogrammetry and remote sensing for 75 years

A 90th birthday would be a milestone celebration for any person,but exceptionally rare if the person is still active after 75 years of working and serving the photogrammetric and remote sensing communities worldwide.This unprecedented career is the motivation to reflect on the technological developments of the past 75 years in the light of Gottfried Konecny's lifetime achievements.I started to get to know Gottfried not long before he officially retired from the Institute for Photogrammetry and Engineering Surveys in 1998.Furthermore,I was not even born when he,as a young and talented scholar supported by the Fulbright Scholarship from the US Government,arrived at the Ohio State University(OSU),which has been my professional home for three decades.In the second half of Gottfried's 75-year career,the technological changes have been phenomenal,and,furthermore,shown an accelerating trend in the past few years.It is absolutely remarkable how Gottfried has been able to keep up with these rapid changes and advancing technologies and exploits them for mapping and,in general,for all the users of the geospatial field at large.Additionally,his open-minded and kind personality has been always a major plus to his technical skills and experiences,and ultimately helped him assist many colleagues to advance their careers,and along the way developed and increased the use of geospatial data and systems in support of many countries worldwide.     

1996-2000年中国摄影测量与遥感进展

本文总结了从1996年到2000年中国摄影测量与遥感以及地理信息系统等方面的成就，内容涉及，数据获得取与数据管理，航空航天遥感系统及其软硬件，GIS软硬件，摄影测量，遥感及空间信息系统的原理与算法，摄影测量，遥感及空间信息的应用等。     

Deep learning for geometric and semantic tasks in photogrammetry and remote sensing

ABSTRACT

During the last few years, artificial intelligence based on deep learning, and particularly based on convolutional neural networks, has acted as a game changer in just about all tasks related to photogrammetry and remote sensing. Results have shown partly significant improvements in many projects all across the photogrammetric processing chain from image orientation to surface reconstruction, scene classification as well as change detection, object extraction and object tracking and recognition in image sequences. This paper summarizes the foundations of deep learning for photogrammetry and remote sensing before illustrating, by way of example, different projects being carried out at the Institute of Photogrammetry and GeoInformation, Leibniz University Hannover, in this exciting and fast moving field of research and development.     

SPOT卫星1AP级图像测图方法的研究

本文分析了1AP级图像的测图特点,讨论了控制SPOT图像实时定位的两种方法:直接多项式摸拟法和实时格网改正法,解决了割面坐标系基础上高程输入控制的问题。最后,在解析测图仪APS—1上利用我国西南地区的一个1AP级立体像对进行了试验,取得了一些有益的结论。     

像平面坐标到经纬度坐标的转换

坐标转换是所有的遥感、GIS、航测等软件都必须具备的一个基本功能,在功能实现中会遇到大规模的矩阵运算问题,而灵活运用IDL编程工具中的结构数组运算能大大地简化计算步骤,加快图像处理的速度。本文运用IDL设计了坐标转行算法,对于一幅row(行)、col(列)的图像,在已知该幅图像其中一个像元点在图像中的像元位置和经纬度坐标的情况下,利用该算法能够实现整幅图像中所有点的经纬度坐标的计算,并验证了其正确性。     

应用遥感影像制作矿区大比例尺地形图

本文在专业的遥感和地理信息系统软件平台支持下,利用Aster立体像对和IKONOS高分辨率遥感影像分别提取矿区地形信息和地物信息,结合矿区的实际特点,参照地形图制作规范对矿区大比例尺地形图的制作进行了分析和探讨,结果表明利用遥感影像进行矿区大比例尺地形图制作不但周期短、速度快、时效性强,而且精度完全能够满足生产需要,是一种实用可行的方法。     

利用ADS40立体影像建立一体化数字线划图生产体系

为提高数字线划图生产的效率,本文基于ADS40立体影像测图技术,综合利用遥感技术、摄影测量技术、GIS技术及数据库系统,提出了一种一体化数字线划图生产方案。该方案通过嫁接航天远景MapMatrix以及清华山维EPS两个平台,实现针对ADS40相机L1级影像从数据读取、立体模型构建、立体采集、DLG处理以及最终形成GIS入库数据的整个处理流程。实验证明,本文提出的工作方案是利用遥感技术提升城市大比例尺地形图生产、缩短更新周期的有效方案。     

现代遥感技术系统及其发展趋势

在对遥感技术与应用进行系统分析的基础上，本义首先给出了现代遥感技术系统的总体结构框图，并描述了遥感任务实施、技术系统和基础研究方面的主要内容、工作过程以及相互关系；接着，对遥感数据获取、分析及应用技术系统的构成、特点以及发展趋势分别作了进一步的论述。最后，作者对遥感与地理信息系统的结合、遥感成套应用技术发展、基础研究以及商品化等问题提出了自己的看法。     

创新型遥感应用人才培养实践

结合西华师范大学实际提出,培养创新型遥感应用人才是其遥感课程教学和GIS专业建设的科学目标,并以《遥感图像处理》教学为例,着重从实际操作角度,分别介绍创新教学内容、创新教学案例和创新教学评价等长期研究与实践成果,以期为感兴趣者提供参考。     

房屋震害预测数字化辅助方法

为提高房屋震害预测效率,将数字化技术应用于房屋震害预测分类工作中。利用航空摄影测量、遥感及地理信息系统技术,提出两种房屋震害预测分类数字化辅助方法。若预测区域有符合条件的遥感影像对,利用航空摄影测量技术可获得DSM及DEM模型,进一步从层数上对建筑物进行分类。另一种方法则是利用遥感技术提取有关建筑物阴影信息,由阴影计算建筑物层数,进而对建筑物进行分类。利用地理信息系统自动统计不同类建筑物总面积,画出不同类建筑的地理分布图。与传统方法相比,这种方法效率高,可以纵览全局,减少房屋震害预测现场调查工作量,提高震害预测工作效率。     

遥感地学分析与中国遥感事业——纪念陈述彭先生逝世一周年

作为一代科学宗师,陈述彭先生是我国遥感地学分析的先驱、是遥感应用研究的开创者,陈述彭先生的逝世,不仅是我国遥感界甚至整个科学界的一大损失。值此逝世一年之际,回顾陈先生开创和繁荣遥感事业的历程,深刻缅怀陈述彭院士在推动我国地理学、地图学、遥感应用、地理信息系统等学科发展中的卓越贡献,以表达我们对他的敬意。     

Lidar遥感基本原理及其发展

介绍了航空激光扫描(Airborne laser scanning)或者Lidar遥感信息获取系统的基本原理、系统的组成、数据获取的方法及其步骤;对近数十年来应用激光扫描遥感信息获取地形表面模型方面取得的主要成果、应用现状做了简要回顾和评述;结合GIS和影像融合方法对Lidar遥感技术未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

Three Dimensional Computer Graphic Models by Analytical Photogrammetry

This paper indicates the advantages afforded when an analytical plotter is interfaced with a three dimensional CAD system. Problems associated with combining various data sources (ground survey, aerial and close range photography) of differing quality will be discussed, together with compromises required to idealize the geometry of the real world enforced by a CAD system.
The paper is illustrated by some of the commercial projects undertaken by the Engineering Photogrammetry Unit at City University. Applications of particular financial significance include modelling of petro-chemical plant for different purposes and to various levels of detail and accuracy     

基于数据挖掘的GIS专业课程体系研究

运用关联规则和人工神经网络数据挖掘方法对GIS专业毕业生成绩进行数据挖掘,用SQL Server数据挖掘服务建立毕业设计成绩与各类课程、GIS专业课程与毕业设计成绩、GIS专业实习课程与毕业设计成绩等的数据挖掘模型,将数据挖掘结果应用于GIS专业培养方案的制订中。结果表明,GIS专业毕业生的成绩受理科类课程、计算机类课程的影响较大;GIS专业毕业生成绩受遥感数字图像处理、GIS设计与开发课程设计等实践类课程的影响较大。在新一轮的专业培养方案的修订中增加了计算机类课程、遥感数字图像处理与GIS设计、开发课程的实习学时。     

XXth International Congress of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing: part II

Reports from the XXth International Congress of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, held at the Istanbul Convention and Exhibition Centre (ICEC), Turkey, from 12th to 23rd July 2004, continue here with Technical Commission VII activities, including the formation for 2004–8 of two new Commissions concerned with remote sensing, TCs VII and VIII. Papers from the Congress are published in Volume XXXV of the International Archives of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences.