赣东北周潭群斜长角闪岩的成因特征

赣东北“周潭群”和闽西北“麻源群大金山组”有着相同的岩石组合。本文通过周潭群斜长角闪财的成因特征研究，并与大金山组斜长角闪岩的对经，发现这些角闪岩有相同的化学成分，相同的矿物组合和结构构造，并同时经历了条件相似的变质作用。认为它们是由相同的大地构造环境形成的原岩，通过同样的地质作用形成的变质杂岩，都是华夏古陆的结晶 。由此推测华夏古陆的西部边界在早一中元古代应向武夷山西侧推移。     

江西周潭群同位素年龄特征及其地质意义

通过对江西弋阳、余江两地周潭群变质岩系中斜长角闪的Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ、锆石同位素研究,确认周潭群的形成时代为１１００～１２００Ｍａ,属中元古代地层,而不是晚元古代地层,该岩系形成后经受了晋宁（９００Ｍａ左右）和印支运动（２００Ｍａ左右）的区域构造作用影响。     

江西弋阳地区斜长角闪岩与浙江陈蔡群斜长角闪岩地球化学特征及 …

江西弋阳存在与浙江陈蔡群相对应的两类斜长角岩,Ｉ类为由拉斑玄武质岩石变质而成的正变质岩,Ⅱ类为由白云质泥灰岩经变质布成的副变质岩。通过对两地斜长角闪岩原岩的化学成发、微量元素、稀土元素、同位素及同位素年代学的对比研究,发现浙江陈蔡群的Ⅰ类斜长角闪岩为大洋拉斑玄武岩,江西弋阳Ⅰ类斜长角闪岩原岩为岛弧拉斑玄武岩;显示两地Ⅰ类斜长角闪岩产出于不同的构造环境,并于晋宁期、加里东期、印支期共同受构造作用影响     

江西弋阳地区斜长角闪岩与浙江陈蔡群斜长角闪岩地球化学特征及成因的对比

江西弋阳存在与浙江陈蔡群相对应的两类斜长角闪岩 ,Ⅰ类为由拉斑玄武质岩石变质而成的正变质岩 ,Ⅱ类为由白云质泥灰岩经变质而成的副变质岩。通过对两地斜长角闪岩原岩的化学成分、微量元素、稀土元素、同位素及同位素年代学的对比研究 ,发现浙江陈蔡群的Ⅰ类斜长角闪岩原岩为大洋拉斑玄武岩 ,江西弋阳Ⅰ类斜长角闪岩原岩为岛弧拉斑玄武岩 ;显示两地Ⅰ类斜长角闪岩产出于不同的构造环境 ,并于晋宁期、加里东期、印支期共同受构造作用影响。     

江西崇仁新元古代岛弧型斜长角闪岩的年代学、地球化学及其构造意义

为了解赣中周潭群的构造属性和华夏陆块的演化历史,本文对崇仁地区的斜长角闪岩开展了锆石U-Pb年代学和地球化学研究。结果表明,崇仁地区斜长角闪岩形成年龄为(870±9) Ma,其SiO_2含量为51. 22%～53. 11%,MgO为6. 16%～6. 74%,TiO_2为1. 23%～1. 40%,原岩为拉斑玄武岩。崇仁地区斜长角闪岩LaN/YbN值为1. 85～2. 12,GdN/YbN值为1. 10～1. 17,与E-MORB相比富集大离子亲石元素。样品亏损高场强元素,具有明显的Nb-Ta异常、Nb/La=0. 50～0. 72。样品的εNd(t)值为5. 1～6. 0,其源区为受俯冲组分改造的地幔楔,其构造背景为弧后盆地。结合前人在华夏陆块的工作,推测崇仁相山新元古代～870 Ma斜长角闪岩与北侧的弋阳周潭群火山岩指示了华夏内部新元古代弧后盆地的存在。     

甘肃金塔南山斜长角闪岩的地球化学特征及其构造意义

金塔南山岩带是华北克拉通和塔里木克拉通的分界线。岩带由前寒武纪变质岩系所组成,不同类型的变质地质体之间以逆冲型韧性剪切带接触,主要变质岩斜长角闪岩Sm-Nd等时线年龄为745±59Ma,原岩为玄武岩。Nb/Y<0.7、REE特征及AFM图解显示原岩为拉斑系列和钙碱性系列。稀土元素配分型式为平坦型到富集;相对于N-MORB,低Ti,富集LILE,亏损HFSE,Nb、Ta、Ti表现为明显的负异常(钙碱性系列)到无异常(拉斑系列),Th/Ta>3;I_(Nd)(t)=0.51193±6,~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd=0.512878,ξ_(Nd)(t)=+3.88～6.60,均值为5.05,推测斜长角闪岩原岩应为不同程度部分熔融的弧岩浆作用的产物,提示金塔南山岩带是新元古代中期华北克拉通与塔里木克拉通之间的古大洋俯冲消减的结果。     

内蒙古敖汉旗斜长角闪岩锆石UPb年龄及地球化学特征

内蒙古赤峰市敖汉旗出露一套岩性为斜长角闪岩、大理岩、变粒岩等为主的中级变质岩系,笔者对斜长角闪岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年和岩石地球化学测试。根据岩石学及地球化学特征,可知该变质岩系原岩为一套钙碱性系列基性火山岩及沉积岩组合;斜长角闪岩原岩是伸展构造背景下形成的受到地壳或岩石圈混染的板内玄武岩。在斜长角闪岩中获得4组年龄,其中（498±13）Ma、（434±16）Ma、（390.4±6.8）Ma为捕获锆石年龄;（351.2±5.2）Ma应代表了该基性火山岩的形成年龄,为早石炭世早期。     

中祁连东段化隆群中斜长角闪岩地球化学特征及构造意义

中祁连东段化隆群中斜长角闪岩岩相学特征及主、微量元素地球化学分析结果显示,其原岩为碱性玄武岩。斜长角闪岩表现出轻稀土元素富集、Nb-Ta不亏损,与典型洋岛玄武岩(OIB)的微量元素分布模式和特征元素比值(Nb/La=1.24～1.48,Th/Ta=1.19～1.40)类似,但与典型OIB相对亏损高场强元素(如Th、Nb)不同,且在大地构造环境判别图上落入板内大陆玄武岩区,反映了化隆群斜长角闪岩原岩来源于软流圈地幔交代大陆岩石圈地幔熔融源区,为Rodinia超大陆在新元古代汇聚过程中局部裂解或Rodinia大陆整体上汇聚未完成局部地区就开始裂解的产物。     

乐乡瑶圩—余江马荃地区斜长角闪岩特征及其地质意义

本文详细论述了东乡－余江斜长角闪岩的地持同特征，岩石特征，岩石化学地球化学特征及同位素年代学研究，并就其形成构造环境作了初步探讨。     

辽吉地区含硼岩系中斜长角闪岩地球化学

辽吉地区古元古界含硼岩系经过了中高级区域变质和混合岩化作用,主要由黑云母变粒岩、浅粒岩、电气石变粒岩、斜长角闪岩及富镁质含矿岩石组成,局部形成层状混合花岗岩。斜长角闪岩在含硼岩系内各个岩组中都有分布,岩石化学分析显示斜长角闪岩具有富钠、富镁、高铁、高钛特征,MgO含量成多众数值分布,辽东地区斜长角闪岩MgO含量高于集安地区,并且各类斜长角闪岩中硼含量都较高。辽东地区B、Cr、Ni明显高于集安地区,显示为海相地幔岩浆岩特征更为明显,集安地区则显示为变质热液改造特征。辽东地区斜长角闪岩的稀土地化显示为热液改造的幔源岩浆特征,集安地区的斜长角闪岩的稀土地化显示为壳源沉积岩特征。含硼岩系斜长角闪岩与浅粒岩稀土配分模式相似,表明部分斜长角闪岩与浅粒岩具有岩浆成因特征,而电气变粒岩、黑云变粒岩与混合岩稀土富集模式显示海相沉积泥岩变质成因,混合岩化及变质热液对原岩具有明显改造作用。斜长角闪岩石的地球化学特征表明原岩环境为富钠、富硼的海相环境,原岩主要是海相富镁拉斑玄武岩和海相泥质岩。     

REE geochemistry of the Zhoutan Group metasedimentary rocks in central Jiangxi Province,Southeast China

Detailed REE and trace elements geochemical studies of the Zhoutan Group metasedimentary rocks in central Jiangxi Province, China, and rock-forming minerals such as garnet were conducted and the results showed that the REEs are partly present in the rock-forming minerals and are dominantly contained in the lattice of accessory minerals. In the process of metamorphism the REEs between garnet porphyroblast and rock and the partitioning of REEs between garnet and the host rock is obviously controlled by the chemical composition of the system. The REEs compositions of metamorphic veins and their minerals display remarked lanthanide tetrad effects and the element pairs Zr-Hf, Y-Ho, Pb-Nd and U-Th have also experienced a certain degree of fractionation with respect to the metasedimentary rocks and they can be used as discriminating indicators to some extent for the occurrence of fluid processes in the process of metamorphism of the Zhoutan Group.     

赣中周潭群副变质岩碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学

对赣中周潭群副变质岩中的碎屑锆石开展了LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年工作,两个石榴黑云母片岩和一个黑云母片岩三个样品中碎屑锆石给出的最年轻的年龄峰值分别为834±11Ma、830±11Ma和809±15Ma.这些碎屑锆石具有与江南造山带内冷家溪群及其相当地层类似的年龄谱型式和相近的最年轻的年龄峰值,表明周潭群应与它们有相似的形成历史和源区,产生于相似的构造环境.因此,周潭群在新元古代扬子地块与华夏地块拼接的过程中,应与冷家溪群、双桥山群等地层一样靠近扬子一侧,而不应属华夏地块.从黑云母片岩部分碎屑锆石的变质边获取的年龄分别为444±11Ma和438±11Ma,表明周潭群地层的变质作用发生在加里东期,与华夏地块其他地区的角闪岩相变质岩的变质年龄一致.相反,与周潭群同期的双桥山群、冷家溪群等地层均未达到角闪岩相变质.这表明,在扬子和华夏地块新元古代的拼接之后,二块体在(现在的)赣中地区又裂开,从而导致了周潭群和相邻的冷家溪群及双桥山群在加里东时期有不同的变质响应.     

Oxygen isotope and REE geochemistry of metamorphic veins within the Zhoutan Group,central Jiangxi Province

Geochemical studies on REE, trace elements and oxygen isotopes from metamorphic veins and their host metasedimentary rocks in the Zhoutan Group at two localities, Xiangshan and Yihuang, in central Jiangxi Province have been conducted in this paper. The results show that the metamorphic quartz veins inherited the REE and oxygen isotope geochemical characteristics from their host rocks, suggesting that the vein-forming fluids were derived from the host rocks. Additionally, fractionation degrees of the trace element pairs Zr-Hf, Nb-Ta, Y-Ho and U-Th in the veins are different from those of their host rocks. It is also indicated that the veins are the products of the fluids. The metamorphic veins within the Zhoutan Group metasedimentary rocks were formed principally as a result of lateral diffusion of the metamorphic fluids.     

Petrogenesis and tectonic evolution of Lianyunshan complex,South China: Insights on Neoproterozoic and late Mesozoic tectonic evolution of the central Jiangnan Orogen

The Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks in South China are separated by the ca. 1500 km long Jiangnan Orogen. The Lianyunshan complex, located in the central segment of Jiangnan Orogen, includes wide exposures of late Mesozoic granites. Here we report geological, geochronological and geochemical data from the Lianyunshan late Mesozoic granites and their Neoproterozoic host rocks belonging to the Lengjiaxi Group. Detrital zircon U–Pb ages reveal a single prominent peak at ca. 840 Ma in the metamorphosed and deformed Lengjiaxi Group samples. Ten of the youngest zircon grains in these rocks have a weighted mean age of 828.8 ± 7.1 Ma, which is tentatively interpreted as the maximum depositional age of the Lengjiaxi Group. Two stages of late Mesozoic S-type granites are dated at ca. 150 Ma and ca. 140 Ma from the Lianyunshan domain. From early to late, these rocks show decreasing MgO, CaO, Fe₂O₃^T, TiO₂ contents and increasing SiO₂, K₂O, Eu/Eu*, Rb/Sr ratios and differentiation index, suggesting continuous magmatic evolution dominated by fractional crystallization. The εHf(t) values of zircons with late Mesozoic ages are all negative, with their two-stage model ages mainly ranging from 1.9 to 1.4 Ga, which is significantly different from the model age of the host rocks belonging to the Lengjiaxi Group. These results indicate that the late Mesozoic granites were mainly derived from the partial melting of Paleo-Mesoproterozoic basement rocks that are older than Lengjiaxi Group. Major and trace element features suggest that the protoliths of these early stage granites in Lianyunshan are probably mixed greywacke and shale. The arc-like trace elements signature of all the late Mesozoic granites were possibly inherited through crustal contamination during the magma genesis caused by slab rollback associated with Paleo-Pacific subduction during 150- to 140 Ma beneath the central Jiangnan belt.     

Neoproterozoic alkaline intrusive complex in the northwestern Yangtze Block,Micang Mountains region,South China: petrogenesis and tectonic significance

Voluminous Neoproterozoic mafic–ultramafic, felsic, and alkaline intrusions are found in the northern Yangtze Block, South China. Here, we present whole-rock major and trace element, and Sr–Nd isotopic compositions, together with zircon U–Pb ages, for syenite and gabbro samples from the Shuimo–Zhongziyuan alkaline intrusive complex in the Micang Mountains region at the northwestern margin of the Yangtze Block. Zircon U–Pb dating yields crystallization ages for the Na- and K-rich Shuimo syenites of 869 ± 4 (MSWD = 0.85, 2σ) and 860 ± 5 Ma (MSWD = 0.47, 2σ), respectively, and for the Zhongziyuan gabbros of 753 ± 4 Ma (MSWD = 0.23, 2σ), indicating that the syenites and gabbros represent different stages of magmatism. The syenites include both Na- and K-rich types and have high values of the Rittman index (σ), and high SiO₂ and Na₂O + K₂O contents. These syenites are enriched in light rare earth elements (LREE) and large-ion lithophile elements (LILE), but depleted in high-field-strength elements (HFSE), with high (La/Yb)_N values and small negative and positive Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.74–1.17). In contrast, the gabbros have lower SiO₂ and Na₂O + K₂O contents, are only slightly enriched in LREEs, are enriched in LILE but depleted in HFSEs, and have small negative and positive Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.86–1.37). The syenites have low initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr (0.703340) and ?_Nd(t) values (+1.9 to +7.7). The gabbros have relatively high initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr (0.703562–0.704933) and positive ?_Nd(t) values (+1.6 to +4.5). These data suggest that the syenites and gabbros are isotopically similar and were largely derived from melts of depleted mantle. The syenites underwent significant fractional crystallization and small amounts of crustal contamination during magma evolution. In contrast, the gabbros were formed by partial melting (>15%) of a garnet lherzolite source and might also have experienced crustal assimilation. Taking into account the geochemical signatures and magmatic events, we propose that the Shuimo syenites formed in an intra-arc rifting setting, however, the Zhongziyuan gabbros were most likely produced in a subduction-related, continental margin arc setting during the Neoproterozoic, thus suggesting that the alkaline intrusive complex were formed by the arc-related magmatism in the Micang Mountains.     

Geochemistry and petrogenesis of Biabanak-Bafq mafic magmatism: Implication for the evolution of central Iranian terrane

Precambrian magmatism in the Biabanak-Bafq district represents an extensive sequence of mafic magmatic rocks. Major, trace and rare earth elements reveal that the low-Ti basement mafic rocks are magnesium tholeiite and low-Ti cover a mafic rock belongs to Fe-tholeiite, whereas, the high-Ti alkaline mafic rocks, as well as dolerites, show much more Fe–Ti enrichment. Primitive mantle normalized trace element patterns show a relative enrichment of LREE and LILE and depletion of HFSE, but have an equally distinct continental signature reflected by marked negative Nb, Sr, P, and Ti anomalies. The composition of the intrusive rocks is consistent with fractional crystallization of olivine ± clinopyroxene ± plagioclase, whereas variations in the Sr and Nd isotope compositions suggest heterogeneous sources and crustal contamination. Low-Ti group samples contain a crustal signature in the form of high La/Yb, Zr/Nb, and negative \(\varepsilon \hbox {Nd}\) values. In contrast, high-Ti mafic magmatic rocks display an increase in La/Yb with a decrease in Proterozoic alkaline rocks recognized across the central Iran. The presence of diverse mafic magmatic rocks probably reflects heterogeneous nature of sub-continental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) source. The mafic magmatism largely represents magmatic arc or rift tectonic setting. It is suggested that the SCLM sources were enriched by subduction processes and asthenospheric upwelling.     

Composition,age and tectonic setting of amphibolites in the central Bushmanland Group,Western Namaqua Province,southern Africa

The Western Namaqua Province (WNP) of southern Africa is composed of several supracrustal assemblages and intrusive granitoid suites that were formed during the mid-Proterozoic 2.0-1.0 Ga ago. The Bushmanland Group (BG) has been the subject of intense study recently because of its considerable strategic metal potential, hosting several giant stratiform base metal deposits (e.g., Gamsberg and Aggeneys). The BG contains amphibolites which represent metamorphosed tholeiitic basalts with MgO (9-4%) and enriched in Ni relative to modern basalts, a feature reminiscent of Archaean tholeiites. Post depositional mobility of elements is probably widespread and hampers recognition of parental magma composition and source region characteristics. However, the amphibolites have yielded a Sm-Nd isochron age of 1649 ± 90 Ma (ϵ_Nd(T) = −0.48 ± 0.89), which is interpreted as the time of extrusion of the basalt precursors, and by inference a minimum sedimentation age for the underlying metalliferous BG sequence. It follows that the BG sequence evolved during an intermediate period in the history of the Namaqua Province, after major crustal stabilisation around 2.0-1.9 Ga and before the last major tectonothermal event around 1.2-1.1 Ga. Results of a parallel Rb-Sr and U-ThPb study of the BG amphibolites indicate strong metamorphic resetting 1.2-1.1 Ga ago, thereby confirming earlier work on the WNP. Characteristics of the source region to the BG basalts have been inspected with MORB normalised trace element abundances, with the salient result being the BG basalts require derivation from a source that experienced variable geochemical modification similar to that proposed for the mantle wedge overlying modern subduction zones. Such a process is currently preferred over crustal contamination, since the Sm-Nd isochron for the BG amphibolites is remarkably linear, but independent confirmation of the Sm-Nd age is still required before this alternative model can be discounted. To reconcile the requirement of subduction related metasomatism in the source to tholeiitic basalts erupted within what appears to be a cratonic sedimentary basin, we suggest that back are continental extension could provide a satisfactory tectonic setting, as such an environment is intrinsically linked to subduction.     

湘中地区冷家溪群和板溪群锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素特征及对华南新元古代构造演化的意义

通过对江南造山带中段冷家溪群和板溪群凝灰岩及碎屑岩锆石U-Pb定年及系统的Hf同位素分析表明,冷家溪群沉积时代大致在860～820 Ma,不整合在其上的板溪群沉积下限在820 Ma左右,这表明在江南造山带,晋宁造山运动之后,很快进入伸展裂解阶段。锆石的Hf同位素组成显示,在850～800 Ma之间,锆石Hf初始值表现出快速上升趋势,表明这一时期有显著的地幔物质加入。造成这一现象的原因,一方面是早期的岛弧岩浆岩(850～820 Ma,尤其是I型花岗岩)是碎屑物的主要来源,另一方面造山后快速裂解形成的壳幔混合岩浆物质(如凝灰岩)形成板溪群部分物质来源。结合本研究和前人的研究成果,表明新元古代板块俯冲、拼合以及拼合后由于板片的拆沉引起的快速裂解(plate-rift model)是江南造山带形成的比较合理的地球动力学模型。     

赣中山庄二长花岗岩的成因与构造背景:岩石学、地球化学及锆石U-Pb年代学证据

赣中山庄花岗岩岩体位于钦杭成矿带的南侧,岩性上包括二长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩。本文对岩体北部的二长花岗岩开展了年代学、地球化学及同位素研究以约束该岩体的形成时代、岩石成因及成岩构造背景。锆石CL图像、Th/U比值,以及(Sm/La)_N-La和Ce/Ce~*-(Sm/La)_N图解均表明,二长花岗岩所有锆石晶体为岩浆成因;其中第一组锆石加权平均年龄为420～419Ma,代表了岩浆结晶年龄。该花岗岩SiO_2含量为71.48%～66.20%、K_2O/Na_2O值为1.24～0.99、A/CNK1.1;结合白云母和石榴石的出现、ACF图解、Rb-Th、Rb-Y的负相关性,山庄二长花岗岩属高钾钙碱性强过铝质S型花岗岩。同时,该岩石亏损大离子亲石元素Ba和Sr以及高场强元素Nb和Ta,说明系壳源物质部分熔融的产物。CaO/Na_2O值(0.14～0.07)、Rb/Sr值(8.27～3.83)、Rb/Ba值(1.48～0.82)、FeO~T+MgO+TiO_2含量(2.4～1.8)和二阶段Nd模式年龄(t_(2DM)=2031～1971Ma)进一步说明二长花岗岩的源岩是古元古代的富粘土的泥质岩。锆石的饱和温度和Ti温度计计算结果表明二长花岗岩岩浆形成温度为722～720℃,黑云母的全铝温度计则反映其形成压力为3.21～2.71kbar。结合花岗岩构造环境判别图以及华南大地构造演化特征,山庄花岗岩岩体可能是在后碰撞环境下由古元古代富粘土泥质岩于低温低压条件下部分融熔的结果。