共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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深海二叠——三叠系界线研究现状 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
综述了深海二叠(P)--三叠系(T)界线研究现状,介绍了深海P-T界线附近岩石地层,生物地层、缺氧事件及生物绝灭和复苏的研究进展,指出了深海P-T界线,缺氧事件和生物绝灭研究的分歧、不足及其症结。 相似文献
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上扬子二叠系─三叠系初海相碳酸盐岩的碳同位素组成与生物绝灭事件 总被引:14,自引:3,他引:14
本文报道了贵州罗甸沫阳、四川广元上寺和重庆中梁山二叠系及二叠-三叠系界线附近海相碳酸盐岩的碳同位素测定结果。注意到早二叠世及晚二叠世吴家坪期的δ13C具有极大的正值,反映了这段地质历史时期生物过渡繁盛和有机碳的高速埋藏。晚二叠世长兴(大隆)期的δ13C值急剧降低,并在三叠纪初步达到极小值,反映了二叠-三叠系界线附近生物的迅速衰亡和集体绝灭。界线附近生物的集体绝灭事件除与二叠纪末的火山作用、环境与气候变迁有关外,还与晚二叠世的碳循环平衡失调造成广泛缺氧事件有着密切关系,实际上是几种因素共同作用的结果。 相似文献
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广西东攀二叠系-三叠系界线剖面基于岩石磁参数的米兰科维奇旋回特征和地层对比 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
二叠纪-三叠纪之交发生了地质历史上最大的生物集群绝灭。通过对广西东攀二叠系-三叠系界线剖面不同的磁学数据进行频谱分析,其结果均具一致的功率谱峰,对比煤山剖面的同位素年龄将厚度频率35.7∶15.6∶7.7cm/cycle换算为时间周期95∶41.6∶20.5kyr/cycle,分别与米兰科维奇旋回偏心率、斜度、岁差相当,从而将地层研究的精度提高到万年级,为生物绝灭和众多地质事件提供时间上的约束。不同的磁学参数分别受控于不同的天文周期,磁性矿物种类主要受偏心率旋回控制,同时也受斜度周期的影响,而岁差周期则是促使岩石携磁能力高频变化的原因。不同二叠系—三叠系剖面(集中在界线附近)的磁化率曲线具有一致特征,可作为界线点确定的辅助依据。 相似文献
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西藏海相三叠系-侏罗系界线及晚三叠世生物绝灭事件研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
1998—2004年间在西藏聂拉木、林周、墨竹工卡和洛扎等地进行的三叠系/侏罗系界线地层研究表明,西藏隆子县和洛扎县尚未发现具有连续菊石层序的三叠系/侏罗系界线地层剖面。拉萨以北地区广泛分布的火山岩时代确定为晚三叠世—早侏罗世早期,这有助于解释晚三叠世末期生物绝灭与晚三叠世岩浆侵入和大规模的火山活动有关,但T/J界线尚待精确限定。聂拉木县格米格剖面是特提斯地区唯一未曾“压缩”的三叠系/侏罗系界线地层剖面,具有瑞替阶MARSHI菊石带、赫塘阶Tibeticum、Callyphyllum和Pleuro-notum菊石带。格米格剖面三叠系/侏罗系界线碳稳定同位素曲线记录了晚三叠世瑞替阶末期(Marshi菊石带)突然的负偏移,它很有可能和晚三叠世末期的由超级温室效应所产生的生物绝灭事件相对应。 相似文献
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广西田东剖面二叠纪-三叠纪之交的生物绝灭及生态演化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文以广西田东地区浅海相二叠系-三叠系剖面为研究对象,对二叠纪-三叠纪之交的生物绝灭与浅海生态环境演化进行了深入的探讨。镜下化石鉴定与统计结果表明在P/T界线附近生物物种两次急剧减少,一次为生物大绝灭所致,另一次为生物迁徙所致。另外,本剖面上所研究的物种的数量变化是突变的,而不是渐变的。在残存期内,腹足类生物较有孔虫生物表现出较强的自我恢复和适应环境的能力。整个剖面沉积为一个海浸的过程,其二叠系-三叠系界线之交生态环境发生了很大的变迁。 相似文献
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Stratigraphical Time——Correlation and Mass Extinction Event Near Permian——Triassic Boundary in South China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Shaw’s method used to correlate40 sections across the Permo-Triassic boundaryin South China is applied in the paper.Two steps are adopted to get an Integral Compo-site Section(ICS)by synthesizing these data:First,South China is divided into fiveareas and composite section developed for each area.Then the second step,theChangxing composite section is regarded as a composite standard(CSRS)while the ICSis produced by matching the CSRS with composite sections of the other areas.Threebiozones in the Changxingian and two biozones in the Griesbachian can be discerned onthe basis of computing Z values in the ICS.These biozones are marked by the Z values which quantitatively represent their time ranges;therefore,they may increase accuracy ofstratigraphic time correlation.The mass extinction at the end of the Permian is an ab-rupt event that is supported by the relative rate of extinction near the P/T boundary.About90%of invertebrate species died out by the end of the Permian.The duration ofthe mass extinction 相似文献
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贵州紫云剖面P/T界面附近碳氧同位素的变化及生物绝灭事件 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
:贵州南部紫云剖面由上二叠统长兴组的碳酸盐台地边缘沉积体系、下三叠统罗楼组的碳酸盐浅海陆棚沉积体系、以及下三叠统紫云组的半深海深海沉积体系组成。在前两种沉积体系中选取 18块样品进行碳、氧同位素测试。测试的结果表明 :上二叠统长兴组δ13 C平均值为 2 4 8‰ ,保持了较高的正值 ,δ18O平均值为 - 4 19‰ ;在P/T界面附近 ,δ13 C ,δ18O值都有显著的降低 ,δ13 C值由 2 71‰陡降至 - 0 90‰ ,变化幅度达 3 6 1‰ ,δ18O值由 - 5 0 3‰降为- 9 4 6‰ ,变化幅度可达 4 4 3‰ ;下三叠统罗楼组下部 ,δ13 C值为负值及低正值 ,出现明显的δ13 C值低异常 ,而δ18O值则比较稳定 ,介于 - 4 6 6‰和 - 5 6 2‰之间 ,平均值为 - 5 2 8‰。罗楼组上部 ,δ13 C值有回升的趋势。由于生物对轻碳具有重要的分馏作用 ,因此 ,P/T界面附近δ13 C值的显著变化反映了一次生物大量绝灭的过程。由δ18O值的变化反映出的生物绝灭的外因主要有温度和盐度两方面。从δ18O值可计算出在P/T界面处古温度有 4~ 5℃的升降 ,这势必影响到狭温生物的生存 ;从δ18O值计算出的Z值来看 ,古盐度也有小幅度的变化 ,加速了狭盐度生物的绝灭。事实上 ,生物的绝灭可能是海平面变化、火山事件、温度变化及盐度变化多种因素的综合 相似文献
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《Journal of African Earth Sciences》1999,28(2):443-463
Sediments of the Ordovician to Devonian Sinakumbe Group (∼210 m thick) and overlying Upper Carboniferous to Lower Jurassic Karoo Supergroup (∼4.5 km thick) were deposited in the mid-Zambezi Rift Valley Basin, southern Zambia.The Sinakumbe-Karoo succession represents deposition in a extensional fault-controlled basin of half-graben type. The basin-fill succession incorporates two major fining-upward cycles that resulted from major tectonic events, one event beginning with Sinakumbe Group sedimentation, possibly as early as Ordovician times, and the other beginning with Upper Karoo Group sedimentation near the Permo-Triassic boundary. Minor tectonic pulses occurred during deposition of the two major cycles. In the initial fault-controlled half-graben, a basin slope and alluvial fan system (Sikalamba Conglomerate Formation), draining southeastward, was apparently succeeded, without an intervening transitional facies, by a braided river system (Zongwe Sandstone Formation) draining southwestward, parallel to the basin margin. Glaciation followed by deglaciation resulted in glaciofluvial and glacio-lacustrine deposits of the Upper Carboniferous to Lower Permian Siankondobo Sandstone Formation of the Lower Karoo Group, and isostatic rebound eventually produced a broad flood plain on which the coal-bearing Lower Permian Gwembe Coal Formation was deposited. Fault-controlled maximum subsidence is represente by the lacustrine Upper Permian Madumabisa Mudstone Formation. Block-faulting and downwarping, probably due to the Gondwanide Orogeny, culminated with the introduction of large quantities of sediment through braided fluvial systems that overwhelmed and terminated Madumabisa Lake sedimentation, and is now represented by the Triassic Escarpment Grit and Interbedded Sandstone and Mudstone Formations of the Upper Karoo Group. Outpourings of basaltic flows in the Early Jurassic terminated Karoo sedimentation. 相似文献
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瓜德鲁普统(Guadalupian)-乐平统(Lopingian)全球界线层型剖面和点(GSSP) 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
乐平统底界全球界线层型(GSSP)已经被确定在中国广西来宾县的蓬莱滩剖面,这一界线以牙形类化石Clarkina postbitteri postbitteri Mei&Wardlaw的首次出现为标志,位于蓬莱滩剖面的茅口组顶部来宾灰岩的6k层之底,层型剖面点位于C.postbitter hongshuiensis至C.dukouensis的演化谱系内,大致与阿布萨罗卡巨层序(Absaroka Megasequenses)的中部与上部之间的界线相当。层型剖面点位所在的来宾灰岩代表了一套界于茅口组和合山组之间的低水位沉积,在这一界线附近,类、腕足类、珊瑚类和菊石类等动物群均发生了重大更替;同时,δ13C值和87Sr/86Sr同位素比值也有一个明显的降低。从瓜德鲁普世晚期的磁性正常极性带向吴家坪早期反向极性带的转变也发生在这一界线附近,因此,这一界线可以很好地用于进行全球海陆相地层的对比。 相似文献
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Magnetostratigraphic Study of Meishan Permian-Triassic Section, Changxing, Zhejiang Province, China 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
Meng Xiaohong Hu Chaoshun Wang Weimin Liu Haiyin Department of Applied Geophysics China University of Geosciences Beijing China 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2000,11(3)
INTRODUCTIONBecause many P/ T boundary sections around the worldare stratigraphically unconformed,som e possible exceptionsdeveloped in Greenland,Iran,Russia and South China are ofcourse of international importance.Especially successive sedi-ments from the L ate Paleozoic to Early Mesozoic widely ap-peared in South China,for example,the Meishan Section inChangxing County,Zhejiang Province,and som e analogies inGuangyuan,Wulong and Shangsi counties,Sichuan Province.Some geologists… 相似文献
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Rapid vertebrate recuperation in the Karoo Basin of South Africa following the End-Permian extinction 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The mass extinction that occurred at the end of the Permian Period approximately 251 Mya is widely accepted as the most devastating extinction event in Earth’s history. An estimated 75–90% of global diversity from both marine and terrestrial realms disappeared synchronously within at most one million and perhaps as little as 100,000 years. To date, most research has focused on the marine record and it is only recently that a few fully preserved terrestrial Permo-Triassic boundary sequences have been discovered. The main Karoo Basin of South Africa hosts several well-preserved non-marine Permo-Triassic boundary sequences that have been the focus of intensive research into the nature of the extinction and its possible causes. This study uses sedimentological and biostratigraphic data from boundary sequences near Bethulie in the southern Karoo Basin to make assumptions about the rates and timing of recovery of the terrestrial fauna in this portion of southern Gondwana after the extinction event. The biostratigraphic data gathered from 277 in situ vertebrate fossils allows us to define more accurately the temporal ranges of several taxa. These data also confirm a more precise extinction rate in this part of the basin of 54% of latest Permian vertebrate taxa, followed by the onset of a relatively rapid recovery, within an estimated 40–50 thousand years (based on the calculation of floodplain aggradation rates and compaction ratios) that included the origination of at least 12 new vertebrate taxa from amongst the survivors. 相似文献
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四川宣汉盘龙洞上二叠统长兴组沉积相与岩石地层精细划分 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
盘龙洞剖面长兴组与普光气田同属于川东北的碳酸盐台地边缘相礁滩相层序,其岩石地层和沉积相研究结果对于认识普光气田、龙岗气田的储层发育和分布规律具有很好的参考作用。根据对薄片的仔细观察分析以及对相关地层的认识,对剖面长兴组的结晶白云岩地层进行了原岩恢复。根据古生物面貌及岩石组构特征,将盘龙洞剖面长兴组自下而上划分四段:下生屑岩段、礁灰岩段、上生屑岩段、微生物岩段。下生屑岩段包括了下部含小型有孔虫的深水陆棚相泥晶灰岩、以及上部含腕足类和棘皮类的浅水陆棚相生屑泥粒岩。礁灰岩段厚达108m,由海绵骨架岩和障积岩组成。上生屑岩段厚约45.3m,已经白云石化为细晶白云岩,导致前人往往误划分为蒸发台地相。仔细观察后仍然可以进行原岩恢复,主要由生屑泥粒岩、粒泥岩组成,含棘皮类、有孔虫、粗枝藻、等组成的群落。微生物岩段厚约8.7m,不仅地层以不规则薄层状为特征,而且含有特征的微生物群落。与普光6井、湖北利川见天坝长兴组剖面对比后发现,它们有相似的沉积层序:下部的深水相灰岩、中部的生物礁岩、上部的开阔台地相或相似环境的生屑灰岩。这应代表台缘礁滩相带的典型层序,可作为认识台缘礁滩相储层的基础。前人研究未能识别长兴组顶部的微生物岩段。这直接导致了二叠系—三叠系界线的无法正确确定。本文提出可以把微生物岩段作为一个岩石地层单位对待,可以作为确定二叠系—三叠系界线的标志层,把界线放在微生物岩段的中部。 相似文献