Temporal–spatial variability of soil fertility in karst region: a case study of Xiaojiang watershed Yunnan

By sampling in the field and analyzing the soil samples in the laboratory in 1982 and 2005 the soil fertility data were obtained. Through application of geo-statistics combined with GIS, the temporal–spatial variability of the pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium in soil of Xiaojiang watershed from 1982 to 2005 were analyzed. Results showed that: (1) the pH value and total potassium in soil showed an increasing trend, but the organic matter, total nitrogen and the total phosphorus in soil declined in the past 20 years in Xiaojiang watershed, (2) the parameters fitted by semivariogram models for fertility indices changed significantly in the past 20 years and (3) the result estimated by ordinary Kriging indicated the spatial pattern of the soil fertility indices changed significantly in the past 20 years. The soil pH increased in the east and southeast, but decreased in the middle of the watershed. The organic content of the soil matter decreased in the east, southeast and southwest, but increased in the northeast and middle of the watershed. The total nitrogen content of the soil decreased in the east, but increased in the middle of watershed. The total phosphorus content of the soil decreased in the whole watershed. The total potassium content of the soil increased in the southwest and southeast, but decreased in the middle of the watershed and (4) the change of land use and soil management measures was the main driving force of variability of soil properties.     

典型断陷盆地流域生态系统服务价值时空差异研究

以典型断陷盆地——小江流域为研究对象,以1982年的TM影像、2003年的Landsat ETM+影像和2016年的Landsat OLI影像为数据源,结合云南省测绘局所提供的150 000的土地利用状况图,采用 Costanza 公式对生态系统服务价值进行评估,精细刻画出云南小江流域“盆—山”共存的地质分异结构下生态系统服务价值的时空变化特征。结果表明:（1）小江流域以农田生态系统为主,研究期内生态系统格局总体稳定,耕地、建设用地、林地和园地都有不同程度的增加,而未利用地面积减少,水域面积基本不变;（2）1982-2016年,研究区生态系统服务总价值呈上升趋势,1982、2003和2016年生态系统服务总价值分别为90.11×108元、105.65×108元和136.81×108元,耕地、林地、园地和水域的生态系统服务价值整体上升,而未利用地的生态系统服务价值减少;（3）整体上,小江流域南部和东部生态系统服务价值增加明显,而中部和西部地区生态系统服务价值呈阶段性变化或持续下降趋势,小江岩溶河谷区的生态系统服务价值最高,而沉积平坝区的生态系统服务价值密度最低,且为唯一一个衰退型生态系统服务功能区;（4）研究期内小江流域各项生态系统服务价值均呈上升趋势,调节服务居主导地位,且以气候调节服务价值最高。小江流域生态系统服务价值缺乏弹性,水域生态系统面积变化对研究区生态系统价值的变化具有放大作用。实施封山育林、退耕还林、小流域治理工程等石漠化综合治理工程可增加生态系统服务价值。      

流域尺度的岩溶区土壤pH值空间变异研究——以云南小江流域为例

以云南小江流域为例,利用地统计学与GIS相结合研究流域尺度上岩溶区土壤pH的空间变异.结果表明,流域土壤pH平均值为6.74,变异系数为9.9%;半方差函数分析表明,流域土壤pH的空间变异符合指数模型,其变程为12 km,反映了流域尺度上岩溶区土壤的连续性较差.纯块金方差与基台值的比值为50%,土壤pH具有中等的空问相关性,由空问自相关部分引起的空问变异性的程度较大;全局趋势分析和Kriging插值分析结果表明,流域土壤pH整体明显地呈条带状分布,但在流域中西部地区为斑块状分布,空间变异明显,土壤pH值在东西、南北方向上呈明显的倒U形;地质背景的异质性和地形起伏以及复杂的土地利用方式是土壤pH空间变异较大的主要因素.      

土地利用变化对典型碳酸盐岩流域风化碳汇的影响——以云南小江岩溶流域研究为例

地球陆地岩石的风化过程要消耗大气或土壤中的CO2,成为大气CO2巨大的汇。以中国云南小江流域为例,研究了典型岩溶地区碳酸盐岩风化吸收CO2(碳汇)强度与土地利用变化之间的关系。选择了有代表性的12块土地及其利用变化的25个地下水监测点,分析了1982年、2003年这些监测点的600多组地下水化学监测数据。12块土地利用变化中,有4块为林地变耕地,3块未利用地变耕地,4块未利用地变林地,1块为林地变建设用地。研究结果表明:首先,土地利用变化后,地下水化学成分变化极大;第二,将风化过程中吸收大气或土壤中CO2的那部分C(用HCO3-表示)与整个风化过程中参与风化的全部C的百分比,定义为碳酸盐岩化学风化对土壤或大气CO2吸收强度(简写为CIS,%),推出了计算式子为CIS(%)=100×[1-(Ca2++Mg2+)total waters)/HCO3-total waters]。估算了4种土地利用类型从1982年到2003年22年间CIS的变化值。结果是,(1)林地的CIS比未利用地高,前者为48.84%,后者47.66%;(2)未利用地转变为耕地后,CIS平均减少了7.85%;林地转变为耕地后,CIS平均减少了8.59%;林地转变为建设用地后,CIS平均减少了1.66%,而未利用地转变为林地后,CIS平均增加了1.74%。(3)讨论了土地利用变化对CIS的影响机理,如未利用地或林地变为耕地后,(NH4)2PO4、CO(NH2)2、NH4NO3、(NH4)2SO4等氮肥的大量使用,硝化后产生的硝酸等干扰或抵消了碳酸对碳酸盐岩化学风化作用,导致了岩溶地下水中Ca2+,Mg2+离子的相对增多,HCO3-离子相对减少,促使CIS减小。     

贵州省仁怀市耕地土壤养分地球化学特征及其影响因素研究

【研究目的】为仁怀市农业生产中土壤养分的合理利用、农业结构调整及土地利用价值的提升等提供科学依据。【研究方法】本文利用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法、容量法及电位法获取了5486件表层土壤样品氮磷钾（全量和有效态）及有机质的含量，系统研究了其地球化学特征及含量影响因素。【研究结果】仁怀市耕地土壤氮、磷、钾、有机质、碱解氮、速效磷及速效钾的平均值分别为1.74 g/kg、0.75 g/kg、19.90 g/kg、30.90 g/kg、100.28 mg/kg、10.40 mg/kg和101.03 mg/kg。其中，氮、碱解氮、磷、钾及有机质的含量及分布与地层关系密切；速效磷及速效钾的含量及分布与地层关系较差。仁怀市耕地土壤肥力较好，以较丰富等级为主，较丰富及丰富等级占比为57.6%。其中，氮、磷及钾皆处于丰富水平；碱解氮及有机质处于中等水平；速效磷及速效钾处于缺乏水平。【结论】仁怀市耕地土壤养分的含量及分布不仅受地质背景、土壤类型、海拔高度、酸碱度及土壤深度等自然因素影响，还与土地利用方式等人为活动有关。创新点：系统统计了仁怀市耕地土壤氮磷钾（全量和有效态）及有机质的含量，对其地球化学等级开展了评价，并系统分析了它们的含量影响因素。耕地土壤养分的含量及分布不仅受地质背景、土壤类型等自然因素影响，还与土地利用方式等人为活动有关。     

Soil quality changes in land degradation as indicated by soil chemical, biochemical and microbiological properties in a karst area of southwest Guizhou, China

Not only the nutritional status and biological activity but also the soil ecological functioning or soil health has been impacted profoundly by land degradation in the karst area of southwest China where the karst ecosystems are generally considered as extremely vulnerable to land degradation under intensified land-use changes. The objectives of this study are to elucidate the changes in overall soil quality by a holistic approach of soil nutritional, biological activity, and soil health indicators in the karst area as impacted by intense cultivation and vegetation degradation. Topsoil samples were collected on selected eco-tesserae in a sequence of land degradation in a karst area of southwest Guizhou in 2004. The soil nutrient pools of organic carbon (C_org), extractable extracellular carbon (C_ext), total soil nitrogen (N_t), alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen (N_ah), total phosphorus (P_t), available phosphorus (P_a) were analyzed by wet soil chemistry. The soil biological properties were studied by means of measurements of microbial biomass carbon (both by fumigation–extraction, FE-C_mic, and by calculation from substrate-incubation respiration, SIR-C_mic) of respiration [respiration without addition of substrates, basal respiration (BR), and potential respiration (PR) with substrate-incubation] and of soil enzyme activities (invertase, urease, and alkaline phosphatase). Soil health status was assessed by simple indices of C_mic/C_org and BR/C_mic in conjunction with bacterial community structures determined by polymerase chain reaction and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. While the nutritional pool parameters, such as C_org and C_ext, described basically the changes in soil life-supporting capacity with cultivation interference and vegetation declined, those parameters of biological activity such as FE-C_mic, SIR, and SIR-C_mic as well as bacterial community structures measured by molecular method evidenced well the changes in soil functioning for ecosystem health with the land degradation.     

Monitoring land use change at a small watershed scale on the Loess Plateau, China: applications of landscape metrics, remote sensing and GIS

Rapid land use change has taken place in many arid and semi-arid regions of China including the Loess Plateau. In this study, changes in land use and landscape fragmentation in the small Shanghuang watershed on the Loess Plateau were investigated by the combined use of remote sensing, GIS and landscape metrics. Land use classes were mapped and analyzed from a time series of maps and remotely sensed images that were ground truthed in 2008. Analyses of the data showed that land use had undergone substantial changes in this small watershed from 1982 to 2008, and these changes could be divided into three phases according to the change in the landscape matrix whereby the dominant land use was grassland (1982–1990), cropland (1990–2002) and forestland (2002–2008). During each phase, conversions between different land use types took place frequently, especially among cropland, orchards, grassland and forestland. Landscape fragmentation increased from 1982 to 1990 and then decreased from 1990 to 2008 as indicated by four landscape metrics. These changes in land use and landscape fragmentation in this small watershed were mainly controlled by human factors (land management, construction, population pressure, and government policy) rather than natural factors.     

贵州兴仁市耕地土壤有效态与对应全量、pH、有机质的相关分析

对采集的数据按平均值加标准差法进行异常值剔除后,用Excel、SPSS软件对几种有效态与对应全量、pH、有机质含量和相关性进行了统计及分析,结果为:速效磷、有效硼含量处于稍缺乏状态,其余处于丰富或很丰富水平;pH以酸性为主。不同pH条件下,有效态与对应全量、pH、有机质相关性存在差异性:酸性条件下,各有效态与对应全量均呈极显著正相关;碱解氮、速效磷、有效硼、有效钼与特定pH值呈极显著或显著正或负相关;碱解氮与有机质呈显著或极显著正相关;速效磷、有效钼、有效锌与有机质在特定pH条件下呈极显著或显著相关。分析结果为农作物平衡施肥、耕地提质改造、促进全域土地综合整治提供了基础依据。     

基于地统计学烟区土壤养分及pH值空间异质性分析——以重庆市酉阳县岩溶区为例

调查了解土壤养分及pH值空间异质性特征是制定烟区土壤养分管理与施肥决策的前提。本研究基于经典统计学和地统计学方法,分析了酉阳烟区土壤表层pH值及土壤养分要素的空间异质性特征。结果表明:酉阳烟区土壤有机质含量丰富,有效磷较缺乏;土壤养分指标的变异系数在13.11%～71.46%之间,有效磷的变异系数最大,而有机质、全氮、碱解氮在土壤中比较稳定;土壤有机质和全氮、全磷、碱解氮和有效磷呈极显著的正相关,pH值和有效磷和速效钾呈极显著的负相关;有机质、全氮、全磷及速效钾的变异函数曲线理论模型符合指数模型,而pH值和碱解氮则与球状模型拟合较好;全氮、碱解氮、全磷及有效磷表现出中等空间相关性,而有机质、全钾及速效钾的空间相关性表现较弱;分维数大小表现为:全钾的分维数最大,pH值、速效钾、有机质其次,全氮、碱解氮最少;土壤养分及pH值空间分布在东西和南北方向具有显著性差异,且在东西方向上的变异要高于南北方向。酉阳烟区土壤养分空间相关性不强,说明地形、施肥及耕作等随机性因素能够显著影响烟区土壤养分空间异质性。      

黑龙江海伦地区垦殖前后典型黑土剖面主要养分元素垂直分布特征

垦殖前后典型黑土主要养分元素特征研究对东北黑土资源的可持续利用和保护东北大粮仓具有重要作用.在松嫩平原东部海伦地区对比研究了典型黑土区40年间土地利用未发生改变的地区（本次对比研究林地和耕地）,布设了4条典型黑土剖面,对垦殖前后典型黑土剖面中土壤肥力的主要指标元素（有机质、全氮、全磷、C：N及pH值）分别对比分析.结果表明：有机质、全氮、全磷含量表现为随土壤深度急剧下降—缓慢下降—基本稳定的变化趋势;垦殖虽然改变了各土层土壤中养分元素的含量,但是并未改变其随土壤深度的变化规律;垦殖在一定程度上影响了表层黑土土壤的pH值,导致耕地表层黑土土壤慢慢酸化.研究结果可为黑土资源的可持续利用、保护及修复提供科学依据.     

Pasture degradation effects on soil quality indicators at different hillslope positions in a semiarid region of western Iran

A study was made to determine the influence of pasture degradation on soil quality indicators that included physical, chemical, biological and micromorphological attributes, along the hillslope positions in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, western Iran. Soil samples from different slope positions were collected from 0 to 30 cm depth for physical and chemical properties and from 0 to 15 cm depth for biological properties at two adjacent sites in the two ecosystems: natural pasture and cultivated land. Soil quality indicators including bulk density, mean weight diameter, soil organic carbon (SOC), particulate organic material (POM) in aggregate fractions, total nitrogen, available potassium, available phosphorus, cation exchange capacity, soil microbial respiration (SMR) and microbial biomass C and N were determined. The results showed that SOC decreased cultivation from 1.09 to 0.77 % following pasture degradation. The POM decreased by about 19.35 % in cultivated soils when compared to natural pasture; also, SMR and microbial biomass C and N decreased significantly following pasture degradation. Furthermore, aggregate stability and pore spaces decreased, and bulk density increased in the cultivated soils. Overall, our results showed that long-term cultivation following pasture degradation led to a decline in soil quality in all selected slope positions at the site studied in the semiarid region.     

Zinc availability in relation to selected soil properties in a crude oil polluted eutric tropofluvent

The study investigated zinc availability in relation to selected soil properties in a crude-oil-polluted Eutric Tropofluvent in Egbema, Southeastern Nigeria. For this purpose, three treatments have been applied: unpolluted soil, polluted without vegetation and polluted with vegetation with five replicates arranged in a randomized complete block design. Guided by transect sampling technique, soil sampling was carried out in June 2008. Soil samples were collected from the three different land units using soil auger at a depth of 0–20 cm. Standard laboratory procedures were adopted in analysing the soils. Soil generated data were subjected to analysis of variance and correlation analysis. Results showed highly significant variation (p = 0.01) in bulk density, porosity, silt: clay ratio, pH, effective cation exchange capacity, percent base saturation, total nitrogen, organic matter, available phosphorus, calcium: magnesium ratio and zinc. It was found that zinc was higher in crude oil polluted soils than in non-polluted soil and it was below critical limits. Zinc availability in relation to selected soil properties in the crude oil polluted soils indicated that clay and organic matter did not affect zinc availability, while pH and effective cation exchange capacity did. A study on zinc dynamics in crude-oil-polluted soils will certainly provide further information on the management of crude-oil-polluted soils since it is one of the key micronutrient for crop productivity.     

祁连山青海云杉(Picea crassifolia)林土壤有机碳与化学性质的相互关系

通过对祁连山大野口流域的青海云杉林大样地进行土壤剖面取样, 分析了样地土壤有机碳与pH值、养分和阳离子交换量等基本化学性质的变化规律及其相互关系. 结果表明: 随土层深度不断增加, 土壤有机碳含量逐渐减小, 在20～30 cm以下趋于稳定(P > 0.05); 土壤pH值不断增大, 仅在0～10 cm与10～20 cm差异显著(P<0.05); 土壤全氮、速效氮、全磷和阳离子交换量不断减小, 全氮含量在30～40 cm以下趋于稳定(P > 0.05), 速效氮含量变化剧烈(P<0.05), 全磷含量差异性不显著(P > 0.05), 阳离子交换量与有机碳含量变化规律相同; 土壤速效磷、全钾和速效钾含量没有明显的变化规律, 速效磷和全钾含量差异性不显著(P > 0.05), 速效钾含量仅在0～10 cm与10～20 cm差异显著(P<0.05). 土壤有机碳与全氮、速效氮、全磷、速效磷、速效钾和阳离子交换量之间呈极显著和显著正相关, 与土壤pH值和全钾含量之间呈极显著和显著负相关. 土壤有机碳与其他基本化学性质的回归方程具有较高精度(R²=0.793), 影响土壤有机碳含量的主要化学因子依次为土壤阳离子交换量、速效钾和全磷含量.     

The spatial distribution of potassium status and clay mineralogy in relation to different land-use types in a calcareous Mediterranean environment

In order to investigate changes caused in clay mineralogy and potassium (K) status by different land-use types, 42 soils samples (0–30 cm) were monitored and analyzed. Soil samples belonging to Reference Soil Groups of Cambisols and Vertisols were collected from three neighboring land uses involving cropland (under long-term continuous cultivation), grassland, and forestland. The soils reflected an alkaline and calcareous aspect as were characterized by high pH (mean of 7.1 to 7.5) and calcium carbonate equivalent (mean of 35 to 97 g?kg^?1) in the three land-use types. X-ray diffraction patterns of the clay fraction showed that the soils were mainly composed of illite, smectite, chlorite, and kaolinite. Chlorite and kaolinite remained unweathered irrespective of land use and soil types, soil processes, and physicochemical attributes assessed. Some changes in the XRD diffractograms of illite and smectite (the intensity or the position of peaks) were observed in the cultivated soils compared to those of the adjoining grassland that may explain the dynamics of the K trapped in illite interlayer sites. Potassium issues reflected a heterogeneous response to changes in land-use types. In light of this, a pronounced variation in soluble K (4–22 mg?kg^?1), exchangeable K (140–558 mg?kg^?1), and non-exchangeable K (135–742 mg?kg^?1) appeared among the land-use types for both Cambisols and Vertisols, corresponding to variability in clay content, nature and type of clay mineral (mainly illite and smectite), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and soil organic carbon (SOC). In general, the largest amounts of soluble K and exchangeable K were recorded in the forestland, whereas the highest contents of non-exchangeable K were found in the grassland for both Cambisols and Vertisols. Exchangeable K, available K, CEC, and clay contents in the soils with higher smectite values (25–50 %) were significantly different (P?≤?0.05) compared to those of the lower smectite values (10–25 %). This suggests that smectite is a major source for surface sorption of K in the studied soils.     

古尔班通古特沙漠与绿洲交错带土地利用变化对土壤特性的影响

对比研究了古尔班通古特沙漠与绿洲交错带8种土地利用类型的土壤特性变化. 结果表明: 不同土地利用类型的土壤粉砂含量差异性显著(P<0.05). 人类活动干扰的时间越长、 强度越大, 粉砂和极细砂含量越高, 而细砂反之. 在人类活动干扰前期(≤5 a), 土壤养分与干扰时间成反比, 而后(＞5 a)与时间成正比. 不同土地利用类型的土壤养分分为4个等级: 1级为盐碱地, 为最高等级; 2级为生态防护林地、 荒草地和天然灌木林地; 3级为10 a农田地、 5 a菜园地和3 a农田地; 4级为5 a农田地, 为最低等级. 人类活动使得土壤盐分由原来的(盐碱土)上层高、 下层低转为上层低、 下层高. 而且盐分与干扰时间成反比. 土地利用变化的过程中, 土壤盐分与Cl^-、 SO₄^2-、 Ca²⁺、 Mg²⁺、 K⁺和Na⁺离子均成正比, 而与HCO₃^-离子成反比. 5 a农田地土壤退化指数(-30.58%)最高, 是其他土地利用类型的1.5~3.9倍.     

岩溶区坡耕地土壤肥力综合评价——以重庆中梁山坡耕地样区为例

坡耕地是我国西南地区最重要的土地利用类型,也是我国一项重要的国土资源。由于该地区坡耕地石漠化程度高,土壤侵蚀问题严重,致使坡耕地土壤肥力不断退化。以重庆市中梁山坡耕地样区为例,采用模糊综合指数法进行小尺度坡耕地土壤肥力评价。经取样数合理性分析表明,25个样点估计研究区土壤肥力评价能够满足90 %置信水平条件下,10 %、15 %和20 %的相对误差取样数的精度要求;运用主成分分析（PCA）,通过计算变量的Norm值筛选有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮、耕层厚度和粉黏比进入最小数据集（MDS）,并对进入MDS的肥力因子进行相关系数分析检验,表明选取的MDS能最大程度表达坡耕地土壤属性信息;利用隶属度函数实现评价指标量纲归一化并对单项肥力指标进行评价,采用加权求和模型计算土壤肥力综合指数（IFI）,结果表明,土壤有机质和全磷是影响研究区土壤肥力的限制因子,研究区80 %样地肥力综合指数在0.40～0.60之间,肥力水平处于中等程度。      

Spatial variability of soil properties in relation to land use and topography in a typical small watershed of the black soil region,northeastern China

Soil degradation resulted from unreasonable land use and erosion has been a serious problem in the black soil region of northeastern China. This paper seeks to understand the relationships between topsoil properties and topography and land use for land management targeting at improving soil quality in this region. A total of 292 soil samples and 81 volumetric rings were taken from a typical small watershed of the region in June 2005 for examining total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), soil texture (classified into gravel, sand, silt, and clay), and bulk density (ρ _b), respectively. Spatial variability of these soil properties was evaluated with classical statistics and geostatistics methods. The results of classical statistics indicated that TC, TN, sand, silt, clay content, and ρ _b were moderate variables while gravel had great variability. Soil properties were mainly correlated to slope position, elevation and land types. Geostatistical analyses showed that the spatial autocorrelation for TC, TN, and silt was weak, strong for clay and moderate for and ρ _b sand, respectively. The spatial variations of soil properties are affected comprehensively by topographic factors, land use, erosion, and erosion control in this watershed. Past erosion, however, is the most important component to induce change of soil properties. In this small watershed, current soil and water conservation measures play an important role in controlling soil loss. But the restoration of soil properties was unsatisfactory. Comparing with untilled soil of this region, TC, TN, silt content are excessively low; whereas ρ _b, sand and clay content are excessively high; gravel appears at most sampling locations. It is necessary for improving soil properties to protect forest and grassland and change cultivation system of farmlands.     

亚高山表层岩溶泉域土壤溶蚀速率季节变化及碳汇量估算——以重庆金佛山水房泉流域为例

利用标准溶蚀试片法测定了重庆金佛山水房泉流域林地、草地和灌丛三种土地利用类型不同深度年溶蚀速率。结果表明,不同土地利用类型、不同季节、不同土壤深度的溶蚀速率具有很大的差异。通过对各土地利用类型下不同季节不同深度土壤有机质、土壤CO2浓度和土壤pH分析发现:土壤有机质和pH相互耦合共同对溶蚀速率产生影响,有机质含量越高,则pH值越低,溶蚀速率就越大;三种土地利用方式下土壤CO2浓度与溶蚀速率具有一定的相关性,夏秋季土壤CO2浓度较冬春季高,相对应地,其土下溶蚀速率也比冬春季大。最后利用试片溶蚀数据对泉域内年碳汇量进行了估算,结果约为:25.595t/a。      

土地质量地球化学评价成果与若干问题探讨:以浙江省金华市汤溪镇为例

为进一步总结完善丘陵盆地区中大比例尺土地质量地球化学调查评价方法技术,2013年在中国地质调查局的支持下,选择浙江省金华市汤溪镇农用地分布区开展了试点调查和采样密度对比试验。基于调查数据进行了土壤酸碱度(p H)、土壤养分丰缺、土壤环境质量和土壤质量地球化学综合评价与分级,探讨了丘陵盆地区野外采样密度。结果表明:区内土壤p H值低、酸性土壤广泛分布;土壤养分元素氮、磷、钾普遍缺乏;土壤环境质量总体较好,仅局部地区出现重金属元素超标;土壤质量地球化学综合等级以一等、二等为主,优良土地面积占调查区的92. 6%,土壤酸性强、养分缺乏是影响调查区土地质量的主要原因,建议采取适当措施调控土壤酸碱度、补充土壤养分;丘陵盆地区中大比例尺土地质量地球化学调查应适当提高土壤采样密度,有效控制土地利用图斑,以便于调查成果在土地资源管护中的应用。     

贵州省安顺市耕地表层土壤养分元素分布特征

望谟县坝达金矿位于黔西南地区,大地构造位置为扬子板块西南缘。本文通过对望谟县坝达金矿矿床地质特征、1∶10 000土壤地球化学特征进行综合分析和研究,旨在对望谟县坝达金矿进行找矿远景分析。通过矿床地质特征研究表明,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ矿体均呈脉状,赋矿岩石为领好组一段的含碳酸盐碎屑岩类;矿体产出受两条走向北西的断层破碎带控制;产出于两断裂之间的次级断层内金以自然金、半裸露金和碳酸盐、黄铁矿等包裹金形式存在。1∶10 000土壤地球化学圈定了Ⅰ-Au-As,Ⅱ-Au-As,Ⅲ-As-Sb-Hg,Ⅳ-Au-Hg四个综合异常区,并发现Au和As相关性最强,且在Ⅰ-Au-As异常查证中发现了金矿化。因此,综合研究认为该矿区存在深部隐伏矿体的可能。