Volcanism of the southern part of the Sredinny Range of Kamchatka in the Neogene-Quaternary

Based on the geochemical characteristics of the Miocene-Quaternary volcanic rocks of the Sredinny Range of Kamchatka, we divide it into northern and southern provinces; the latter comprises the “eastern”, “western”, and “central” flanks. We present new data on the composition of Neogene-Quaternary volcanic rocks in the southern part of the Sredinny Range of Kamchatka: Khangar and Icha volcanic massifs and Mt. Yurtinaya on the “western” flank, Bystrinsky and Kozyrevsky Ridges on the “eastern” flank, and Anaunsky Dol and Uksichan massif located in between. We show systematic differences in the composition of rocks from the “western” and “eastern” flanks. During the Neogene, a typical island-arc volcanism took place within the “eastern” flank. Quaternary volcanic rocks of this area have both island-arc and within-plate geochemical features. We propose to call rocks of this type hybrid rocks. Within the “western” flank, hybrid volcanism has been manifested since the Neogene, while typical island-arc rocks are not found. Magma generation processes on the “western” flank of the Sredinny Ridge are influenced by an enriched mantle source; the effect of fluid is less pronounced here as compared to the rocks of the “eastern” flank, where it is clearly traced.     

New data on the Baraba Formation age (the Sredinnyi Range of Kamchatka)

In the Sredinnyi Range of Kamchatka, the Baraba Formation of continental conglomerates is assumed to be of the late Campanian age based on found flora remains, but data of isotopic geochronology suggest the Eocene age of these deposits. New data on radiolarians from cherty pebbles are considered in this work along with results of fission-track dating of zircons from pebbles and matrix of the Baraba conglomerates. Fission-track dates obtained for zircons from matrix approve the Eocene age of the Baraba Formation, and new dates characterizing pebbles are not contradicting this conclusion. The Baraba Formation structural position can hardly be lower, therefore, than that of the Irunei Formation.     

广西五圩矿田三排洞矿床Sb-Au与Pb-Zn-Sb矿化地质地球化学特征与复合成矿分析

广西丹池成矿带五圩矿田三排洞矿床由早期Sb-Au矿化和晚期Pb-Zn-Sb矿化组成,而五圩矿田其它矿床则仅见Pb-Zn-Sb矿化。本文对比分析了三排洞矿床两类矿化控矿构造产状、包裹体均一温度、盐度、气液相组成、矿物组合、闪锌矿铁含量等差异,探讨两类矿化成因联系,论证其是否为复合成矿作用形成的矿床。早期Sb-Au矿化主要产于走向320°断裂带中,矿体倾向NE,倾角50°~60°,主要由辉锑矿、雄雌黄、辰砂及自然金组成(Au2×10-6),银含量低(20×10-6);Pb-ZnSb矿化产于走向350°断裂带中,矿脉倾向SWW,倾角70°~80°,主要由闪锌矿、脆硫锑铅矿、特硫锑铅矿、硫锑铅矿等组成,富银(100×10-6),贫金(0.1×10-6)。早期和晚期矿化脉中流体包裹体温度峰值分别在160~200℃和180~230℃之间,富CO_2包裹体数占总包裹体数分别约为8%和45%;早期和晚期矿化闪锌矿Fe含量分别为小于0.12%和在1.40%~3.65%之间;早期矿化锑矿物主要为辉锑矿,晚期矿化锑矿物则主要为脆硫锑铅矿、特硫锑铅矿及硫锑铅矿。上述差异表明早期矿化成矿热液具Sb-Au-As-Hg元素组合,相对贫CO_2及Fe,而晚期矿化成矿流体具Pb-Zn-Sb-Ag元素组合,富CO_2及Fe。据五圩矿田其它Pb-Zn-Sb矿床未发生Au成矿作用、三排洞矿床两期矿化受控于不同产状断裂构造、晚期矿化成矿温度高于早期矿化成矿温度、两期矿化成矿热液元素组成尤其是Au和Ag含量及CO_2含量的明显差异等,可以认为三排洞矿床早期Sb-Au和晚期Pb-Zn-Sb矿化为不同成矿作用的产物,两者没有成因联系,三排洞矿床发生了复合成矿作用。同一矿区不同成矿作用可形成不同元素组合矿体。     

Geology, mineralogy, and genesis of PGE mineralization in the South Sopcha massif, Monchegorsk complex, Russia

New data are reported on the localization and genesis of PGE mineralization at the South Sopcha deposit situated in the southern framework of the Monchegorsk pluton. Disseminated PGE-Cu-Ni mineralization, the thickness of which in particular boreholes exceeds 100 m, is hosted in the zone of alternating peridotite, pyroxenite, norite, and gabbronorite. The PGE grade does not exceed 1?C2 gpt with Pd/Pt = 3?C4 at Ni and Cu contents from 0.2 to 1.5 wt %. The PGE contents up to 4?C6 gpt and Pd/Pt = 4?C8 are noted at local sites of hydrothermally altered rocks. Another type of PGE mineralization is established in the outcrops of the southeastern marginal group of the massif. Pyroxenite, norite, and gabbronorite fragments are incorporated here in the gabbroic matrix, making up a complex zone of magmatic breccia complicated by mylonites and late injections. Elevated PGE contents (1.0?C6.5 gpt) are detected in all types of rocks in the zone of brecciation, mainly in the matrix. Platinum-group minerals (PGM) occur in association with magmatic and late sulfides, amphibole, mica, and chlorite. PGM vary in composition depending on the petrographic features of rocks. In rocks of the layered series and in pegmatoid pyroxenite PGM are extremely diverse comprising PGE compounds with As, Sb, Bi, Te, Se, and S. In the brecciated rocks of the marginal group, Pd bismuthotellurides (mainly merenskyite), sperrylite, hollingworthite, and Pd- and Rh-bearing cobaltite and gersdorffite are predominant. The PGE mineralization in rocks of the layered series and pegmatoid pyroxenite was formed from the magmatic melt enriched in volatiles and with subsequent transformation of PGE assemblages under the influence of hydrothermal fluids at a lower temperature. In gabbroic rocks of the marginal group, PGM are associated with the latest sulfides (chalcopyrite, bornite, chalcocite), forming separate grains and thin veinlets in hydrothermally altered rocks. The gabbroic melt affected incompletely crystallized rocks of the layered series by formation of contact-type PGE mineralization, deposition and redeposition of ore matter.     

大兴安岭北段富林矽卡岩铜矿床成因:印支期含矿岩浆源区特征、蚀变矿物学及勘查意义

新近发现的印支期富林矽卡岩铜矿床位于大兴安岭北段新林区新林镇东约90km。矿区发育与成矿直接相关的花岗岩和侵入花岗岩中的花岗斑岩,矿体主要赋存于花岗岩与古元古代兴安桥组大理岩和早奥陶世黄斑脊山组钙质粉砂岩接触带内。富林矿床矿化与矽卡岩密切相关,整个矿化过程可分为两期:矽卡岩期和石英-硫化物期,5个阶段:早期矽卡岩阶段、退化蚀变阶段、氧化物阶段、早期硫化物阶段和晚期硫化物阶段,其中铜矿化主要发生在早期硫化物阶段。硫化物主要包括黄铜矿和黄铁矿,并含少量闪锌矿、方铅矿、斑铜矿等。蚀变类型包括石榴子石-透辉石矽卡岩化、阳起石-透闪石矽卡岩化、绿帘石矽卡岩化、绿泥石化、绢云母-粘土化、钾长石化和局部角岩化。电子探针分析(EMPA)结果表明:矿区内的石榴子石属钙铝-钙铁榴石系列,主要为钙铁榴石,辉石为透辉石-钙铁辉石系列,以透辉石为主,闪石主要为透闪石、阳起石以及少量镁绿钙闪石和铁浅闪石,帘石为黝帘石-绿帘石系列。黑云母以镁铁黑云母和铁叶云母为主,绿泥石主要为密绿泥石和铁叶绿泥石,长石以正长石和钠长石为主。石榴子石成分剖面显示从核部到边部,石榴子石呈现出钙铝榴石和钙铁榴石交替变化的环带特征,且Fe~(3+)含量的逐渐升高暗示后期成矿流体氧逸度升高,结合黑云母Mg-Fe~(3+)-Fe~(2+)图解,说明富林矽卡岩型铜矿床形成于较强的氧化环境。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年结果显示花岗岩形成于~253Ma,花岗斑岩形成于~244Ma,为大兴安岭地区一期新的成矿事件。锆石原位Hf同位素测试结果表明,花岗岩εHf(t)介于-1.60~2.23,花岗斑岩εHf(t)介于-3.53~1.90,二者均具有古老的两阶段模式年龄,结合前人对区域构造背景的研究,认为富林花岗质岩石可能来自于松辽地块和兴安地块后碰撞背景下俯冲板片断离软溜圈上涌导致古老下地壳的部分熔融并卷入少量地幔物质而形成的岩浆。花岗斑岩及与斑岩有关的脉状矿化和蚀变的出现暗示富林地区可能存在印支期的斑岩型矿床,此外结合石榴子石、辉石成分特征以及辉石Mn/Fe比值与世界矽卡岩矿床对比,指出富林矿区外围找矿应综合考虑铜、钼、铁、金、铅、锌等矿化组合。     

青海牛苦头矿区两期岩浆岩及其矽卡岩型成矿作用

牛苦头矿床位于东昆仑造山带祁漫塔格地区中段,目前已探明Pb+Zn资源量116万吨(推断及以上),为祁漫塔格地区探明的最大矽卡岩型铅锌矿床之一.M1、M4以及M2三个磁异常区(矿段)为牛苦头矿区主要的矿段(点),矿区发育大量与铅锌多金属矿成矿密切相关的花岗质岩体.本文通过对M1、M4以及M2三个矿段典型矿床地质特征、蚀变...     

西藏克鲁-冲木达矿集区晚白垩世花岗岩类地质地球化学特征及成矿潜力浅析

克鲁-冲木达矿集区位于西藏南部扎囊-桑日之间。通过对其晚白垩世花岗岩类岩石学、地球化学特征、形成的大地构造环境以及成矿专属性等的综合研究得出以下两点认识:(1)晚白垩世花岗岩类的岩石组合为闪长岩、石英闪长岩和二长花岗岩,为准铝质高钾钙碱性I型花岗岩,具弱的斜长石分异结晶,富集Th、Sr等元素,亏损Ba、Nb等元素,形成于造山带环境,是角闪岩部分熔融的产物;(2)晚白垩世花岗岩类成矿作用主要集中在似斑状黑云二长花岗岩和黑云二长花岗岩阶段,部分闪长岩和石英闪长岩岩体中也含矿,主要的矿化表现为Cu、Pb-Zn和Mo的组合。     

新疆喀拉昆仑山大黄山稀土-铌-铁钛多金属矿化带地质特征及矿床成因

对喀喇昆仑山大黄山稀土-铌-铁钛多金属矿化带地质特征及矿床成因进行研究,为该区找矿勘查工作部署提供依据。通过详细的野外地质调查,在总结大黄山稀土-铌-铁钛多金属矿化带地质特征的基础上,配合镜下鉴定、矿床地球化学分析,探讨矿床成因类型与成矿作用,分析成矿期后的构造变形,预测矿化体的空间就位,提出找矿方向和找矿思路。大黄山稀土-铌-铁钛多金属矿化带含矿建造沉积环境为近陆滨-浅海碳酸盐岩台地相。矿化带处于石炭系帕斯群灰岩组（a组）上段（含矿泥质灰岩段）上部,区内延伸大于30km,西段发现2条矿化体（Ⅰ-1、Ⅰ-1）,东段发现7条矿化体（Ⅱ-1~Ⅱ-7）。单矿化体一般长170~2000 m,厚度10~32 m,矿化体产状与地层产状一致,层控特征明显。矿石化学测试结果表明,矿化体内含Fe、Al、Ti、LREE、Nb、Ta等多种金属成矿元素。矿床成因类型为近陆滨海相沉积型。矿源为古陆源区红土型风化壳,以沉积物重力流和胶体溶液混合流体形式快速搬运,并在近陆滨岸地带以事件沉积作用快速卸载堆积而成。成矿期后,含矿建造遭受了强烈的构造改造,形成了总体呈NWW向展布的断褶带,带内发育的复式-叠加反"S"型褶皱构造构成了区内最特征的控矿构造样式。该带找矿前景好,找矿潜力大,通过进一步的矿产地质工作,有望在该带实现Fe、Al、Ti,尤其是稀有、稀土元素的重要找矿突破。     

南岭地区成钨、成锡花岗岩组合的几个判别标志

南岭地区钨锡多金属成矿作用和区内中酸性-酸性花岗岩有着密切的成因联系。利用已发表的和野外收集的地质资料,本文尝试对区内成钨锡花岗岩组合(包括与钨锡矿相关的含钨锡花岗岩和成钨锡花岗岩)进行宏观地质判别。判别过程采用循序渐进的方式,首先将成钨锡花岗岩组合与不成矿花岗岩相区别,然后将含锡花岗岩和含钨花岗岩互相区别开来。相对于不成矿花岗岩,成钨锡花岗岩组合通常具有 W、Sn、F、B 化探组合异常、多期多阶段演化特点、适度的构造叠加(即存在明显的热液活动)等共同特点,且三者缺一不可。不成矿花岗岩一般具有 W、Sn、F、B 化探组合为背景值,岩性单一,少见晚期岩株、岩脉(演化不充分)及蚀变的特征。在野外地质工作中,含锡花岗岩一般为花岗闪长岩-二长花岗岩-二云母花岗岩岩性组合。基性端元以普遍发育暗色微粒包体、常见角闪石、含较多的黑云母为鉴别特征。酸性端元中可以含有少量白云母。而含钨花岗岩以黑云母二长花岗岩-二云母花岗岩-白云母花岗岩岩性组合为主,常见含 B 矿物电气石,基性端元少见或不见角闪石、含较少的黑云母,仅见变质岩、围岩捕掳体和黑云母团块,酸性端元白云母含量较高等组合特征可以与含锡花岗岩相区别。     

四川雷波矿集区磷矿沉积特征及成矿规律研究

四川雷波地区磷矿属于中国昆阳式海相沉积型磷矿,赋存于下寒武统梅树村阶麦地坪组地层中。通过野外实测剖面,重点研究其岩石学和沉积相特征,在矿集区建立了潮坪沉积体系,判断麦地坪组以潮下带沉积为主,潮间带和潮上带沉积不发育,总体表现为海侵-海退-海侵的垂向沉积组合。沉积相在矿集区呈环带状分布,磷矿层厚度与地层厚度大体呈正相关关系。磷矿床的岩相古地理类型直接影响了磷质颗粒的物理富集过程,其中潮下高能带为磷矿沉积的最有利相带,是今后勘探开发的重点区域。     

相山矿田铀的中和还原成矿作用”

该文以相山矿田为例介绍了铀的中和还原成矿作用的概念和机理。     

Two stages of granite formation in the Sredinny Range, Kamchatka: Tectonic and geodynamic setting of granitic rocks

The newly formed continental crust in southern Kamchatka was created as a result of the Eocene collision of the Cretaceous-Paleocene Achaivayam-Valagin island arc and the northeastern Asian margin. Widespread migmatization and granite formation accompanied this process in the Sredinny Range of Kamchatka. The tectonic setting and composition of granitic rocks in the Malka Uplift of the Sredinny Range are characterized in detail, and the U-Pb (SHRIMP) zircon ages are discussed. Two main stages of granite formation—Campanian (80–78 Ma ago) and Eocene (52 ± 2 Ma ago) have been established. It may be suggested that granite formation in the Campanian was related to the partial melting of the accretionary wedge due to its under-plating by mafic material or to plunging of the oceanic ridge beneath the accretionary wedge. The Eocene granitic rocks were formed owing to the collision of the Achaivayam-Valagin ensimatic island arc with the Kamchatka margin of Eurasia. In southern Kamchatka (Malka Uplift of the Sredinny Range), the arc-continent collision started 55–53 Ma ago. As a result, the island-arc complexes were thrust over terrigenous sequences of the continental margin. The thickness of the allochthon was sufficient to plunge the autochthon to a considerable depth. The autochthon and the lower portion of the allochthon underwent high-grade metamorphism followed by partial melting and emplacement of granitic magma 52 ± 2 Ma ago. The anomalously rapid heating of the crust was probably caused by the ascent of asthenospheric magma initiated by slab breakoff, while the Eurasian Plate plunged beneath the Achaivayam-Valagin arc.     

滇西北休瓦促Mo-W矿区印支晚期和燕山晚期岩浆活动与成矿作用:来自锆石U-Pb年代学和地球化学的证据

本文首次在格咱岛弧休瓦促Mo-W矿区识别出印支晚期似斑状黑云母花岗岩,并确定其结晶年龄为200.93±0.65Ma,同时获得燕山晚期二长花岗岩结晶年龄83.57±0.32Ma;即首次在休瓦促Mo-W矿区内厘定出印支晚期和燕山晚期两期花岗岩浆叠加活动,而Mo-W成矿作用与燕山晚期二长花岗岩具有成因关系。岩石地球化学显示燕山晚期二长花岗岩具有较高的SiO_2和全碱含量及较低的Fe、Mg、Ca和P含量,呈准铝质-弱过铝质;富集Rb、Th、U、Nb、Zr和轻稀土元素,亏损Ba、Sr、P、Eu,具有高分异I型花岗岩特征;其形成于与拉萨-羌塘板块碰撞相关的陆内伸展环境,主要来自中-基性下地壳物质的部分熔融,为Mo-W成矿作用提供了重要的物质基础。相对于二长花岗岩,印支晚期似斑状黑云母花岗岩具有较低的SiO_2、Na_2O+K_2O含量和A/CNK比值,较高的Mg、Ca和P含量;富集Th、U、Rb和轻稀土元素,强烈亏损Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf等高场强元素,为准铝质高钾钙碱性具有岛弧岩浆性质的花岗岩,可能形成于甘孜-理塘洋壳俯冲作用结束后,松潘-甘孜地块和义敦岛弧碰撞后伸展环境,为俯冲期改造后形成的下地壳部分熔融的产物。     

Polymetallic and Au-Ag Mineralizations at the Mutnovskoe Deposit in South Kamchatka, Russia

Abstract. The Mutnovskoe deposit located in the Porozhisto‐Asachinskaya metallogenic province of South Kamchatka, Russia, is a polymetallic vein and Au‐Ag quartz vein associated type of hydrothermal deposit. The Mutnovskoe deposit is located inside a paleo‐caldera structure at the center of the Mutnovsko‐Asachinskaya geothermal field of Pliocene ‐ Quaternary age, where active gold deposition is identified in hot spring precipitate. The Mutnovskoe deposit is subdivided into the north flank, the central flank and the south flank based on the vein distributions and mineral parageneses. The mineralized vein system is oriented N‐S hosted in diorite ‐ gabbroic diorite stock, volcanic rocks and sedimentary rocks of Miocene ‐ Pleistocene age. The mineralization stage I (polymetallic vein) mainly in the central and the south flanks is Zn‐Pb‐Cu‐Au‐Ag contained in sphalerite, galena and tetrahedrite‐tennantite group mineral. The stage II (Au‐Ag quartz vein) occurs in the north and the central flanks. The stage III (Mn‐sulfide and Mn‐Ca‐carbonate vein) occurs in the whole deposit area. Stage II is the typical Au‐Ag quartz‐adularia vein of low‐sulfidation type. Stage III is alabandite‐rhodochrosite‐quartz‐calcite vein. The K‐Ar ages are 1.3±0.1 Ma for stage I sericite in alteration zone, and 0.7±0.1 Ma for the stage II adularia in mineralized vein. Based on the fluid inclusion study, range of ore forming temperature of the Mutnovskoe deposit is 200 to 260d?C (av. 230d?C). Salinities of fluid inclusions indicate 2.2 to 5.7 wt% NaCl in sphalerite and 0.8 to 3.3 wt% NaCl in quartz for the stage I. Mineral paragenesis of the polymetallic vein (stage I) is characterized by a district zoning of tennantite and Cd‐rich sphalerite in the south flank and tetrahedrite and Mn‐rich sphalerite in the central flank, which is due to the fractional crystallizations of ore‐forming fluid. Depositional condition of the low sulfidation state is inferred for the Mutnovskoe deposit, where the polymetallic vein of the south flank is in relatively higher sulfidation state than the central flank.     

江西相山西部地区深部多金属矿化矿石组构学、矿物学研究及其地质意义

江西相山铀矿田西部地区实施的铀矿科学深钻3号孔在深部-700 m发现大量铅锌多金属矿化脉,垂向上呈"上铀下多金属"的分布特征。文章对深部多金属矿化进行了详细的矿物学和矿石组构学研究,并对其成因进行了探讨。研究表明,矿石结构主要有中细粒及微粒结构、自形晶粒状结构、他形晶粒状结构、填隙结构、包含结构、镶边结构、固溶体分离结构、碎裂结构、环带结构等;矿石构造主要有脉状构造、细脉状构造、条带状构造、角砾状构造、致密块状构造、稠密浸染状构造等。矿化类型主要有石英-毒砂-黄铁矿(锡石、黄铜矿)型、黄铁矿型、闪锌矿-方铅矿-黄铁矿型、闪锌矿-方铅矿-碳酸盐(菱铁矿-方解石)型,在空间上具有明显的分带性。根据矿物组合和穿插关系,矿化过程经历了成矿前期的碱性流体作用,形成矿前期绿泥石、锡石和金红石。铅锌成矿期经历了石英-毒砂阶段、黄铁矿化阶段、铅锌矿化阶段、铅锌银碳酸盐阶段等多期叠加。成矿后期以形成碳酸盐-石英脉为特征。综合分析认为,相山深部多金属矿化具有浅成、中低温特征,是与次火山岩有关的低硫化型浅成中低温热液多金属矿化。目前已经发现的铅锌多金属矿化很可能是深部矿化的一个端员,深部很有可能存在与成矿有关的次火山岩体,且具有寻找斑岩型多金属矿化的成矿潜力。     

Geology and mineralogy of East Kazakhstan gold-bearing jasperoids (by the example of the Baybura ore field)

Gold-bearing ore occurrences and deposits in jasperoids are objects of a new unconventional type widespread in the West Kalba auriferous belt in eastern Kazakhstan. We present original data on the structural and geologic position and mineralogy of gold-bearing jasperoids of the Baybura ore field, which is a standard object of this type in eastern Kazakhstan. Gold-bearing jasperoids are localized here in shale–carbonate strata of island-arc type (C₁) that underwent metasomatism in superintrusive zones of the Kunush complex plagiogranites (C₃). Free finely dispersed gold shows typical signs of hypogenous changes. The content of Au varies from 0.1 to 33.5 ppm, and that of Ag, from 0.05 to 2.5 ppm. Based on the data obtained, a geologo-genetic model of the formation of the Baybura gold-bearing jasperoids is proposed. According to the model, the ore deposition is related to the impact of juvenile fluids of plagiogranitic magma on carbonate substrate. The main factors determining the evolution of gold-bearing metasomatites are their localization in zones of high tectonic activity and a drastic change in the acidity–alkalinity regime of solutions in the carbonate environment. Native gold grains are extremely fine and thin and contain a permanent impurity of Hg (0.2–0.7 wt.%). In mineralogical and geochemical features the gold mineralization of the Baybura ore field is similar to that of the Suzdal’ deposit and can be assigned to the Carlin type.     

Geology and mineralogy of ore at the hidden Engteri Au-Ag deposit,the Magadan Region

The Engteri is a new hidden Au-Ag deposit in the Russian segment of the Pacific ore belt. The discovery of this deposit merits special attention, because it involves repeated attempts to reappraise a lowprospective ore occurrence, which were crowned with success as a result of fulfillment of large-scale drilling project. The average Au grade is 18.6 gpt. The deposit is classified as the gold geochemical type of Au-Ag deposits. The major ore mineral is pyrite, which amounts to no less than 95% of the total ore minerals. The native phases comprise electrum and to a lesser extent native gold of low fineness (730). The homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions is 125–255°C with a distinct maximum at 145–150°C. Despite blind localization of some orebodies, the Engteri deposits bears evidence for a deep erosion level: (1) small vertical range of economic mineralization (50–100 m); (2) predominant occurrence of massive sugarlike quartz with a low sulfide content; (3) prevalence of massive and brecciated textures above rhythmically banded textures; and (4) lack of low-temperature propylites. The southern part of the ore field distinguished by occurrence of rhythmically banded, framework-tabular, and brecciated texture has the best prospect for revealing new orebodies. The Engteri deposit allowed us to outline the following prospecting guides and methods of prospecting for hidden Au-Ag deposits: (1) these deposits are regularly arranged in ore clusters between heavy concentrate anomalies of cinnabar and gold-silver or silver-base-metal occurrences (method of missed link); (2) findings of fragments of ore mineral assemblages with sporadically high Au and Ag contents in barren calcite-quartz veins (method of indicators); (3) linear zones of ankeritization in the fields of low- and mediumtemperature propylites (mapping of metasomatic rocks); and (4) pyrite-quartz veinlets with rhythmically banded pockets (mineralogical mapping of halos of stringer-disseminated mineralization).     

南岭地区大规模钨锡多金属成矿作用:成矿时限及地球动力学背景

南岭位于华南地区中部,是我国乃至全球最主要的钨锡金属成矿省.本文基于最近几年的高精度成岩成矿测年资料和地球动力学研究进展,提出南岭地区大规模成矿作用出现于中晚侏罗世(165～150Ma),相应的构造背景是古太平洋板块向大陆俯冲,在大陆边缘弧后地区出现一系列NE向壳幔相互作用强烈的伸展带,这些伸展带与东西向古断裂的交汇部位是岩浆活动和成矿作用中心区,NE向十杭带与南岭中脊部EW向古深大断裂的交汇处形成湘南最大的钨锡矿集区.在中晚白垩世.古太平洋板块向NNE方向走滑,导致大陆岩石圈大面积伸展,相应大规模的火山活动主要出现在武夷山以东地区,但在包括南岭地区在内的华南地区广泛出现盆岭构造,NNE向的白垩纪红层-火山盆地与以花岗岩为代表的隆起相间分布,在一些盆地可见130～90Ma侵位的、面积不大却广泛分布的花岗岩及其锡多金属矿化,构成华南地区大规模锡多金属矿化作用,但这次成矿作用在南岭地区并不十分强烈.     

陕川丁家林-太阳坪金矿区金的赋存状态及主要特点分析

通过野外及镜下研究，初步查明了丁家林一太阳坪金矿区所含金矿物为自然金、银金矿及含银自然金。丁家林金矿区以包裹体金为主，太阳坪金矿区则以裂隙金为主，粒数及面积统计显示两矿区均以中、细粒金为主。两矿区的矿石中常见明金，为粗粒金，巨粒金及块状金。载体矿物主要为黄铁矿，次为石英，偶见方铅矿、黄铜矿及闪锌矿，金的矿化与富集以富黄铁矿，贫多金属硫化物为特征。两矿区金的赋存状态既有共同特征，也存在明显差异，各有特点。     

Geology,U-Pb geochronology,and stable isotope geochemistry of the Tunca semi-massive sulfide mineralization,Black Sea region,NE Turkey: Implications for ore genesis

Upper Cretaceous volcano-sedimentary sequences of the Eastern Pontide orogenic belt, NE Turkey, are host to significant VMS mineralization, including near Tunca. The initial stages of felsic volcanism within the mineralized area are marked by the eruption of dacitic lavas and breccias of the Kızılkaya Formation. This was accompanied by the emplacement of domelike hematitic dacites. Autobrecciated and volcaniclastic rocks, both in situ and resedimented, were likely generated from extrusive portions of these dacite bodies. Basaltic volcanism is marked by the eruption of the lava flows and pillow lavas of the Çağlayan Formation. Hiatuses in basaltic activity are marked by thin horizons of volcaniclastics and mudstones. The uppermost felsic volcanic units were accompanied by resedimentation of autoclastic facies from previous volcanism and represent the latest phase of Upper Cretaceous volcanism in the area. The semi-massive sulfide mineralization is associated with a late stage of the initial felsic volcanism. U-Pb LA-ICP-MS zircon dating of a dacitic tuff breccia yielded an age of 88.1 ± 1.2 Ma (Coniacian-Upper Cretaceous), which is interpreted to be the age of the sulfide occurrences.A concentric zoned alteration pattern is observed in the footwall rocks. The alteration pattern is considered to have formed by lateral migration of hydrothermal fluids which had ascended along the discharge conduit. Fluid inclusion data indicate precipitation or mobilization processes within a relatively narrow temperature range of 152–255 °C (avg. 200 °C). The low-salinity fluids in the fluid inclusions, less than 5.9 wt% NaCl equivalent, are consistent with typical modified seawater-dominant hydrothermal vent fluids. Sulfur isotope analysis of the Tunca sulfides yields a narrow range of 1.5–4.1 per mil. These δ³⁴S values are also typical of many VMS deposits. Most of the recorded δ¹⁸O values (+7.1 to +14.0 per mil) are greater than 9 per mil. The most intensely hydrothermally altered rocks tend to have lower δ¹⁸O values relative to the less altered rocks. Collectively, the geologic relationships, mineralization style, and the lack of seafloor ore facies suggest that mineralization is principally of sub-seafloor origin. The most geologically reasonable interpretation of the genesis of the Tunca mineralization is the continuous interaction between the host rocks and seawater-derived fluids, without significant involvement of a magmatic fluid.