基于Bubble小波函数的印鉴鉴别

利用Bubble小波函数，通过Mallat算法可对印鉴图像进行小波分解和边缘检测，在此基础上，提取由傅里叶系数所导出的形状特征，然后利用神经网络分类器进行训练，继而实现印鉴的自动鉴别。     

最优小波尺度空间的图像边缘检测方法

根据图像和检测算子的特性,以相关性为准则,使用遗传算法对图像小波变换的尺度进行选择,从而构成一种自适应的高斯小波尺度空间.融合该空间下不同尺度检测的图像边缘,使得整幅图像的边缘细节丰富清晰,具有更好的抗噪性能.对测试图像使用Canny算法、单尺度、二进尺度和自适应尺度小波进行边缘检测,验证了该算法在去除噪声和准确定位方面的有效性.     

3种阈值方法在闪电通道图像识别中的应用

该文实现了3种常见的阈值算法在闪电通道识别中的应用。针对某些闪电通道图像对比度较低的特点,首先对原始图像去除背景光照不均的影响并进行图像增强,再根据所处理的闪电通道图像的具体情况,选择全局自适应阈值法、局部自适应阈值法或基于Otsu自适应阈值的Canny算子对增强后的图像进行边缘检测,进而对闪电通道进行识别。对所提取到的闪电通道进行形态学和细化处理,最终提取到由连续的像素点序列表示的闪电通道。针对数字图像中闪电通道背景的不同特点,文中提到的3种阈值方法能够有针对性地对不同图像进行通道检测,在保证准确获得清晰边缘信息的同时,较好地兼顾了对弱边缘信息的提取,有效保证了对闪电通道的识别效果。     

卫星云图模式识别小波分形特征量分析

本文采用小波分析中的小波包函数对卫星云图进行分解和小波包系数重构,并结合分形分数维计算,提取卫星云图的分数维,分析不同类型的云系分数维的主要特征,来实现卫星云图的模式识别.     

卫星云图模式识别小波分形特征量分析

本文采用小波分析中的小波包函数对卫星云图进行分解和小波包系数重构，并结合分形分数维计算，提取卫星云图的分数维，分析不同类型的云系分数维的主要特征，来实现卫星云图的模式识别。     

基于树状小波分解的图像混合编码方法

提出了一种基于树状小波分解的图像混合编码技术，它能够在一定的能量准则下自适应地对图像进行分解，并根据不同尺度子带在小波图像中的地位和特点，选取相应的编码方法，模拟实验证明此方法在较好的图像质量情况下可获得较高的压缩比。     

基于小波包变换的EMD算法在超声信号处理中的应用

提出基于小波包变换的EMD算法,并将其应用于超声回波信号去噪.对于采用EMD分解含高斯白噪声的超声缺陷信号存在模态混叠的问题,首先用小波包变换对信号作预处理,再对信号进行EMD分解,最后重构出有用的缺陷信号.实验结果表明:该方法不仅具有很好的消噪效果,而且重构的缺陷信号的波形失真度小,有利于对信号做进一步的定量分析.     

基于全景图像自动处理的气象观测站全景图和挡角图制作方法

目前气象观测站探测环境测评工作大多由工作人员借助照相机、经纬仪和激光测距仪等工具测量评估指标手工计算出测评结果,该方法中人为测量的因素可能会导致不客观的测评结果。本文提出基于全景图像自动处理的气象观测站探测环境全景图和挡角图制作方法。通过旋转式相机、激光测距仪来获取气象观测站四周环境相邻且互相重叠的多张图像。然后采用柱面全景图的拼接方法将采集的图像生成气象观测站探测环境的全景图。利用"渐入渐出"的方法对全景图像进行融合,通过对全景图像进行滤波处理、二值化处理、形态学处理、边缘检测来完成图像预处理,进而计算得到全景图像最大边缘像素点坐标、观测场周围障碍物的实际高度、障碍物到观测场中心的距离以及障碍物到测场中心的最大仰角,并将测评结果实时展示。结果表明,该方法能够提高气象观测站探测环境测评工作的效率。     

基于小波分析的软门限滤波及其优越性评价

介绍了基于软门限的小波分析去除遥感图像噪声的处理方法,并利用一些指标,与传统的滤波处理方法进行对比分析后发现,基于小坡分析的图像滤波方法,在去除图像噪声的同时,可以很好地保持图像边缘纹理等细节信息。     

基于细胞神经网络与Bayes判别法的冰雹预测

选取新疆地区的雹云图像利用细胞神经网络边缘提取方法,得到图像的纹理信息,再用二维小波变换进行处理,得到每个图像的四个特征系数;以这些特征系数为判别变量,区分降雹与无雹的图像;利用Bayes判别法构造判别模型,对雹云图像进行分析判别。结果显示本文采用的方法能够明显的区分降雹与无雹云层,判别误差较小,具有参考价值。     

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS DATA OF AIR–SEA TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE AND ITS VARIATION ACROSS SOUTH CHINA SEA IN THE PAST 35 YEARS

Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter.     

Could the Recent Taal Volcano Eruption Trigger an El Ni?o and Lead to Eurasian Warming?

正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment.     

VARIABILITY OF INTER-ANNUAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDIAN OCEAN DIPOLE AND HUAXI REGION’S AUTUMN PRECIPITATION

The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region.     

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC CONDITIONS BEFORE THE OCCURRENCE OF TWO TYPES OF EL NIO EVENTS

The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o.     

IMPACT OF ATMOSPHERIC LOW-FREQUENCY OSCILLATION ON THE IMMIGRATION OF NILAPARVATA LUGENS(STL) IN HUNAN AND JIANGXI PROVINCES

Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration.     

全球贸易隐含碳变化及其影响分析

基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。     

Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings

正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any     

Index to Vol.31

正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang;     

Information for Contributors

正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome.