省市县三级预报服务产品制作平台的设计与实现

通过调查分析四川省各级气象部门制作发布预报服务产品的现状,在充分考虑各级需求的前提和集约化的指导思想下,应用.NET、XML、Office Open XML等技术,研发出了一套统一面向省市县三级的集产品制作、发布、文档管理、查询等功能为一体的气象业务平台。该平台对全省预报服务产品的分类、命名、格式、制作发布流程进行了统一的规范,极大地提高了产品的制作效率和质量,并且可快速在全省范围内进行共享,填补了四川省各级气象部门没有标准产品制作平台的空白。     

公共气象服务文档自动化研究与应用

为了提高公共气象服务工作效率,减轻工作人员的劳动强度,比较了几种Office文档自动化技术的优劣。利用Aspose.Words for.NET、Aspose.Cells for.NET不依赖于Microsoft Office软件就能生成、修改、转换和打印Word和Excel文档的特性,采用C#语言,结合公共气象服务工作中的实际需求,自动、快速地处理和生成具有Microsoft Office软件格式的文档服务产品。     

基于ATOM和CAP的预警信息发布方法研究

ATOM是基于XML语言的一种文档格式,在Web资料交互中提供操作发布和管理资源集合的标准.使用通用警报协议(CAP)来描述预警信息,并借助于ATOM来管理和发布预警信息,将其作为预警信息发布的一种技术方法.ATOM让用户通过一个入口,获取信息资源;可在第一时间将新信息“推”到用户端阅读器中,提高信息的时效性和价值.此方法为预警信息发布提供一种高效、低成本和可过滤性的发布手段,并可推广成为共享服务的一种方法.     

带网络攻击识别机制的传感器网络分布式滤波算法

研究了面向网络攻击的无线传感器网络的分布式目标估计问题.由于测量范围有限,网络中只有部分传感器能测量到目标,而且节点受到随机的攻击从而使得测量值被注入虚假信息.在此背景下,本文提出了基于攻击检测识别策略的改进分布式卡尔曼滤波算法.在该算法中,节点首先基于设计给出的攻击识别阈值来判断其是否受到攻击,生成识别因子;然后以估计误差协方差的迹最小为信息融合原则来设计一致性卡尔曼滤波算法,对处于监测域内的运动目标进行分布式状态估计.同时,分析了算法的收敛性,明确给出了网络估计误差均方有界的随机攻击概率的充分条件.最后用数值仿真验证了算法的有效性和优越性.     

1991—1994年地面气象模式数据文件检查结果评析

从1995年开始,我省气象信息化的数据正式列入气象科技档案工作的管理范畴。档案部门把记载信息的磁盘、磁带、胶片等载体统称为机读载体,与传统的气象记录报表等文本载体不同,机读载体上所记载的信息必须依靠微机、磁带机、阅读复印机等专用设备,在显示屏、打印机或复印机上输出之后,才能为肉眼识别。针对机读载体这一特点,我们对我省1991～1994年的气表—1原始信息AO、A1模式数据文件仔细地进行了验讫,并按照对文本载体检查验收的类似步骤,确定检查内容有（1）磁盘文件是否齐全?（2）每一个磁盘文件是否都符合国家要求的格式标准?     

基于深度学习的个性化新闻推荐

由于网络上每天有海量的新闻报道产生,新闻推荐已经成为减轻用户信息负载、实现个性化新闻信息获取的重要途径,并被广泛用于新闻网站和新闻APP中以提升用户体验.不同于传统的商品推荐,在新闻推荐中新的新闻文章产生速度很快,而且新闻的语义信息需要结合整体新闻文本去理解,给传统的基于ID和基于特征的推荐算法带来了很大的挑战.此外,用户的新闻阅读兴趣存在高度多样性和动态性的特点,使得准确的用户建模变得非常困难.本文介绍了一些基于深度学习的个性化新闻推荐算法,并探讨了新闻推荐未来的一些可行的方向.     

对称密码算法S盒安全性分析

S盒是大多数对称密码算法中唯一的非线性结构,其密码学特性直接决定了密码算法的好坏.该文对美国高级加密标准AES算法、韩国对称加密标准SEED算法、欧洲对称加密标准Camellia算法和中国商用密码标准SMS4算法的S盒密码学性质进行了深入的探讨,研究各种算法中S盒的代数性质和布尔函数性质,分析各种算法抵抗差分密码分析和线性密码分析等攻击的能力.通过对比S盒的优缺点,揭示了各种算法的安全性.     

交通气象自定义地图服务聚合技术

利用华东各省交通气象信息数据,对共享产品的内容和格式进行了定义和约束,并基于GeoServer和Tomcat平台,运用Java Servlet构建了交通气象专用的地图服务,使得用户可以根据需求自由组合由系统提供的地图资源,从而满足用户需求的地图服务聚合应用。通过对交通气象产品拼图算法、核心GIS处理、XML解析等功能模块的研究与实现,最终完成了基于GIS的交通气象信息共享业务系统。该系统满足了交通气象的业务需求,为交通气象监测、分析、预报服务产品共享提供了技术支持。     

SYBASE数据库程序接口与查询系统

1 前言 数据库系统是"9210"工程业务系统的重要组成部分,它针对气象资料信息量大、数据种类多、格式不统一的特点,有效地组织数据入库保存和管理.但由于始终没有一套实用的数据库接口程序,因此,我台的数据库信息资源一直处于闲置状态.     

一种基于场景合成和锚点约束的SAR目标检测网络

随着深度学习方法在计算机视觉领域的崛起,如何将其应用于具有全天时、全天候等优点的SAR图像也成为一大研究重点.相较于传统图像,SAR图像由于其难判读、应用人群较少等原因难以获得大量标注数据.本文提出一种基于场景合成和锚点约束的SAR图标检测方法.通过区域生长算法和阈值法对SAR车辆目标及其阴影进行分割,然后随机嵌入SAR复杂场景中的合理区域来合成目标检测数据集.针对SAR车辆目标的几何特性、图像分辨率参数,对Faster-RCNN中的锚点大小进行约束,减少不符合SAR车辆目标检测框尺寸的候选框,大量约简冗余计算,提升训练、测试效率及精度.     

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS DATA OF AIR–SEA TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE AND ITS VARIATION ACROSS SOUTH CHINA SEA IN THE PAST 35 YEARS

Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter.     

Could the Recent Taal Volcano Eruption Trigger an El Ni?o and Lead to Eurasian Warming?

正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment.     

VARIABILITY OF INTER-ANNUAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDIAN OCEAN DIPOLE AND HUAXI REGION’S AUTUMN PRECIPITATION

The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region.     

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC CONDITIONS BEFORE THE OCCURRENCE OF TWO TYPES OF EL NIO EVENTS

The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o.     

IMPACT OF ATMOSPHERIC LOW-FREQUENCY OSCILLATION ON THE IMMIGRATION OF NILAPARVATA LUGENS(STL) IN HUNAN AND JIANGXI PROVINCES

Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration.     

全球贸易隐含碳变化及其影响分析

基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。     

Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings

正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any     

Index to Vol.31

正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang;     

Information for Contributors

正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome.