具有不确定参数的滞后型Lurie控制系统鲁棒绝对稳定性的LMI方法

分别针对具有结构参数和范数有界参数的滞后型Lurie控制系统的鲁棒绝对稳定性问题,利用Lyapunov方法给出了系统鲁棒绝对稳定的时滞无关条件及时滞相关条件.得到的结果用线性矩阵不等式（LMI）表示,易于利用MATLAB工具箱求得保守性较低的条件.     

具有随机扰动和混合时滞的两层异质网络的同步研究

在现实生活中,很多复杂的系统不是由单个网络来表示,而是由一组相互依赖的网络系统来表示的.本文研究了具有随机扰动和混合时滞的两层异质网络的对应节点的同步控制问题.基于随机微分时滞方程的LaSalle不变原理和Lyapunov稳定性理论,采用牵制控制方法,对部分节点实施控制,给出了实现同步的充分条件.为了降低反馈控制的增益,结合自适应控制的方法,进一步弱化了两层异质网络实现同步的条件.最后,通过数值仿真,验证了理论结果的有效性.     

基于Markovian切换的时滞回归神经网络Lagrange全局均方指数稳定

对一类激励函数是Lurie型（包括有界和无界激励函数）的具有Markovian切换的时滞回归神经网络的Lagrange全局均方指数稳定性进行了研究,得到了回归神经网络在Markovian切换状态下的Lagrange全局均方指数稳定的充分判据,并通过数值例子验证了所得结论的正确性和有效性.     

一类神经网络的Ｌａｇｒａｎｇｅ全局指数稳定性

考虑３种不同的有界激励函数,利用Ｌｙａｐｕｎｏｖ函数法和不等式分析技巧,研究了一类具有变时滞的中立型Ｃｏｈｅｎ Ｇｒｏｓｓｂｅｒｇ神经网络的Ｌａｇｒａｎｇｅ全局指数稳定性,并给出了系统模型具有全局指数吸引集的构造性证明;研究结果既适用于分析单稳态系统也适用于多稳态系统;最后通过数值算例及仿真对结果进行了验证．     

不确定系数多离散时滞的中立型系统的时滞相关鲁棒稳定性

研究了一类时变不确定系数多离散时滞中立型系统的时滞相关鲁棒稳定性问题.利用线性矩阵不等式技术,提出了一种计算该系统自由权矩阵和时滞上界的简化方法,并在系统中考虑了中立项时滞和离散时滞,得到了上述系统为稳定与鲁棒稳定的一些充分条件.最后,用数值例子说明了该方法的有效性和较小的保守性.     

一类三次超越多项式零点的分布及其在时滞生物系统的应用

本文讨论了一类三次超越多项式零点的分布,给出了零点分布在左半复平面、穿过虚轴和进入右半复平面的充分条件.作为应用,考虑了带时滞的三种群食物链模型、带时滞的睾酮分泌模型、带时滞的HIV体内感染动力学模型、带时滞的葡萄糖-胰岛素模型、带时滞的肿瘤-免疫系统作用模型的稳定性和分支问题.     

参数不匹配下含有泄露时滞与多个传输时滞的分数阶忆阻器神经网络的拟同步

本文主要讨论了一类在参数不匹配之下带有多个传输时滞与泄露时滞的分数阶忆阻器神经网络的拟同步问题.首先,给出了时滞线性反馈控制器;然后,根据分数阶微分包含、集合值映射理论和分数阶微分不等式理论等,得出了主从系统达到拟同步所满足的条件以及所对应的误差边界;最后,给出了一些数值模拟验证所得结论的有效性.     

水成物分析及在数值模式中的应用综述

利用NCEP/NCAR逐候再分析资料,定义并计算了反映亚洲夏季风系统中各成员变化活动的指标参数,在此基础上用时滞相关分析方法,对亚洲夏季风系统诸成员与西太平洋副高面积指数的相关性进行了诊断分析,给出了夏季风系统成员之间相互影响、相互制约的基本作用过程。分析结果表明,亚洲夏季风系统成员与西太平洋副高指数之间存在着不同程度的显著时滞相关,各系统成员与西太平洋副高相互作用、互为反馈,构成了亚洲夏季风系统有机的活动整体。     

具有分布时滞的高阶中立型双曲偏微分方程的振动准则

考虑了一类具有分布时滞的高阶中立型双曲泛函偏微分方程.利用Green公式、Jensen不等式,通过特征值的方法,获得了方程解在两类边值条件下振动的新的准则,所得结果推广和改进了若干文献中已有准则.     

具反应扩散项的脉冲时滞Cohen-Grossberg神经网络的稳定性

讨论了一类具反应扩散项的脉冲变时滞Cohen-Grossberg神经网络在Neu-mann边界条件下的稳定性.通过构造分片连续的Lyapunov函数,结合Neumann特征值问题,并利用Gronwall-Bellman脉冲积分不等式,得到了新的与反应扩散项和时滞有关的保证平衡点全局指数稳定性的代数判据.     

考虑传感器故障的柔性航天器自适应积分滑模主动容错控制

针对考虑传感器故障的柔性航天器姿态系统,提出了一种主动容错控制方法.首先,通过对测量输出进行滤波,将传感器故障转化为执行器故障形式;接着,设计一个基于未知输入观测器的自适应故障估计观测器,对未知故障进行辨识,同时,采用了一个故障检测观测器,对故障的发生进行检测;然后,利用故障估计信号对系统输出进行调节,结合自适应积分滑模和线性矩阵不等式技术设计输出反馈容错控制器;最后,对所设计的主动容错控制方法进行仿真,验证了所提方法的有效性.     

具有非合作连边的一般线性多智能体系统包含控制研究

本文研究了通信拓扑中具有非合作连边的一般线性多智能体系统的包含控制问题.系统中允许多个领导者的存在,这些领导者的状态可以通过它们与邻居领导者进行交互而动态地变化.采用最近邻居规则设计分布式控制协议,利用线性矩阵不等式技术和线性系统控制理论证明了跟随者的状态轨迹最终收敛到由领导者的状态轨迹及领导者相反轨迹生成的凸包中,成功解决了符号图上线性多智能体系统的包含控制问题.仿真结果验证了结论的正确性.     

具有异步控制器的离散马尔可夫跳变Lur'e系统的稳定性和l2增益性能分析

本文研究了一类具有异步控制器的离散马尔可夫Lur''e跳变系统的稳定性及l₂增益性能.通过引入隐马尔可夫模型（HHM）来描述所设计的控制器和原始系统之间出现的异步现象.利用线性矩阵不等式（LMI）方法分析了闭环系统的稳定性和l₂增益性能.然后提出了一个充分条件使得闭环系统随机稳定,并使得从扰动到系统输出的l₂增益达到最小.同时,通过求解给定条件来设计一个由线性状态反馈和扇形有界非线性输出反馈组成的异步控制器.最后,给出了一个数值仿真例子来验证所提方法的有效性.     

一类偶数阶Sturm-Liouvile四点边值问题多个正解的存在性

讨论了一类偶数阶四点边值问题正解的存在性,借助Leggett-Williams不动点定理和不等式技巧,得到了该边值问题至少存在三个和任意奇数个正解的充分条件.     

Effects of the earth's rotation on convection: Turbulent statistics,scaling laws and Lagrangian diffusion

The effects of Earth's rotation on convection into stratified fluid under uniform surface cooling are investigated using a large-eddy simulation (LES) model. The initial mixed layer depth varies by a factor of 40 and temperature gradient below the mixed layer varies by three orders of magnitude. At the end of integration (typically 20–40 inertial periods), the so-called natural Rossby number for the rotating experiments varies from 0.06 to 2. The wide range of conditions used is designed to extract scaling laws of rotating convection and to shed light on the importance of Earth's rotation on convection. It is found that the effects of rotation can be characterized by a series of hyperbolic tangent functions of the natural Rossby number. The effects of rotation are most pronounced when Ro is order 0.1 or less. For Ro ≥ 1, the effects of rotation become small. Comparison of Lagrangian statistics of numerical floats reveals that horizontal mixing is suppressed in the presence of rotation. This result is consistent with the finding that integral length scale and turbulent intensity decrease when rotation is included, in contrast to the conclusion of an early study that argued for increased horizontal mixing in the presence of rotation.     

Estimates of integral time scales from a 100-M meteorological tower at a plains site

Four distinct types of autocorrelograms were observed using high-frequency vertical velocity data measured at 100 m above a flat terrain. Several types of nonstationary atmospheric motions due to low frequency fluctuations were examined. Under nighttime stable conditions, these phenomena were found to lead to abnormally slow exponential decay of the autocorrelation function. Several different techniques for estimating Eulerian integral time scales were compared in order to select an appropriate method of estimation. When grouped by stability classes, the Eulerian integral time scales decrease slightly with increasing stability, but generally exhibit no significant correlation with other meteorological parameters. Using a postulated relation, estimates of the Lagrangian to Eulerian integral time scale ratio range from 3 to 5 under unstable conditions and 15 to 25 under stable conditions. Under unstable conditions the average Lagrangian integral time scale is on the order of 40 s and exhibits no significant correlation with several pertinent meteorological parameters. Under stable conditions, the Lagrangian integral time scale correlates well with the Monin-Obukhov length and temperature lapse rate.Work conducted while a visiting scholar at Systems Applications, Inc.     

Achieving development and mitigation objectives through a decarbonization development pathway in South Africa

Achieving the international 2 °C limit climate policy requires stringent reductions in GHG emissions by mid-century, with some countries simultaneously facing development-related challenges. South Africa is a middle-income developing country with high rates of unemployment and high levels of poverty, as well as an emissions-intensive economy. South Africa takes into account an assessment of what a fair contribution to reducing global emissions might be, and is committed to a ‘peak, plateau and decline' emissions trajectory with absolute emissions specified for 2025 and 2030, while noting the need to address development imperatives. This work utilizes an economy-wide computable general equilibrium model (e-SAGE) linked to an energy-system optimization model (TIMES) to explore improving development metrics within a 14 GtCO₂e cumulative energy sector carbon constraint through to 2050 for South Africa. The electricity sector decarbonizes by retiring coal-fired power plants or replacing with concentrated solar power, solar photovoltaics and wind generation. Industry and tertiary-sector growth remains strong throughout the time period, with reduced energy intensity via fuel-switching and efficiency improvements. From 2010 to 2050, the model results in the unemployment rate decreasing from 25% to 12%, and the percentage of people living below the poverty line decreasing from 49% to 18%. Total energy GHG emissions were reduced by 39% and per capita emissions decreased by 62%.

Policy relevance

Lower poverty and inequality are goals that cannot be subordinated to lower GHG emissions. Policy documents in South Africa outline objectives such as reducing poverty and inequality with a key focus on education and employment. In its climate policy and Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC), South Africa is committed to a peak, plateau and decline GHG emissions trajectory. As in many developing countries, these policy goals require major transformations in the energy system while simultaneously increasing affordable access to safe and convenient energy services for those living in energy poverty. The modelled scenario in this work focuses on employment and poverty reduction under a carbon constraint, a novel combination with results that can provide information for a holistic climate and development policy framework. This study has focused on the long term, which is important in generating clear policy signals for the necessary large-scale investments.     

Estimating the Random Error in Eddy-Covariance Based Fluxes and Other Turbulence Statistics: The Filtering Method

A spatially local decomposition of turbulent fluxes based on properties of spatial filters is used to develop a new method of estimating random error in turbulent moments of any order. The proposed error estimation method does not require an estimate of the integral time scale, which can be highly sensitive to the method used to calculate it. The error estimation method is validated using synthetic flux data with a known ensemble mean and intercompared with existing methods using data from the Advection Horizontal Array Turbulence Study (AHATS). Typical errors for a 27.3-min block of data collected at a height of 8 m are found to be approximately 10% for the heat flux and 7–15% for variances. The error in the momentum flux increases rapidly with increasing atmospheric instability, reaching values of 40% or greater for unstable conditions. A new method based on filtering is also proposed to estimate integral time scales of turbulent quantities.     

Women's participation in forest management: A cross-country analysis

The role of women's participation in community forestry has recently been investigated in a number of theoretical and empirical papers. This paper takes an existing theoretical framework developed by Agarwal (2001) and applies it to examine two questions: (1) What determines women's participation in forestry institutions? and (2) What effect does women's participation have on institutional outcomes (such as levels of conflict and rule fairness)? To answer these questions data is used from two sources: (1) a detailed household survey conducted with 1.433 households in Bolivia, Kenya, Mexico, and Uganda and (2) a more aggregated dataset from forest associations investigated by the International Forestry Resources and Institutions (IFRI) program in 10 countries. The analyses suggest that women's participation is likely when institutions exist that are less exclusionary, when households have more education, and when there is small economic inequality in general and across genders in particular. A history of women's participation, especially when women are seated on forest councils or attain leadership positions, is highly correlated with less disruptive conflict.