电感耦合等离子体质谱原理和应用

内容简介：本书全面介绍了电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP—MS）的仪器结构和基本原理，以四极杆ICP—MS为主，同时对近年来发展的其他类型的ICP—MS仪器进行了简要介绍。以地质应用为主，介绍了几种痕量超痕量元素分析方法及应用。全书共分12章：绪论，包括ICP—MS的起源、现状与发展趋势；ICP—OMS仪器结构和基本原理；ICP—MS分析性能与基本概念；扇形磁场等离子体质谱仪；飞行时间等离子体质谱；激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱；ICP—MS中的干扰；常用的地质样品处理方法；地质样品中痕量超痕量元素分析；铂族元素分析；同位素比值分析；ICP—MS联用技术在形态分析中的应用。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱原理和应用

本书全面介绍了电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP—MS）的仪器结构和基本原理，以四极杆ICP—MS为主，同时对近年来发展的其他类型的ICP—MS仪器进行了简要介绍。以地质应用为主，介绍了几种痕量超痕量元素分析方法及应用。全书共分12章：绪论，包括ICP—MS的起源、现状与发展趋势；ICP—QMS仪器结构和基本原理；ICP—MS分析性能与基本概念；扇形磁场等离子体质谱仪；飞行时间等离子体质谱；激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱；ICP—MS中的干扰；常用的地质样品处理方法；地质样品中痕量超痕量元素分析；铂族元素分析；同位素比值分析；ICP—MS联用技术在形态分析中的应用。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱原理和应用

内容简介：本书全面介绍了电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP—MS）的仪器结构和基本原理，以四极杆ICP—MS为主，同时对近年来发展的其他类型的ICP—MS仪器进行了简要介绍。以地质应用为主，介绍了几种痕量超痕量元素分析方法及应用。全书共分12章：绪论，包括ICP—MS的起源、现状与发展趋势；ICP—OMS仪器结构和基本原理；ICP—MS分析性能与基本概念；扇形磁场等离子体质谱仪；飞行时间等离子体质谱；激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱；ICP—MS中的干扰；常用的地质样品处理方法；地质样品中痕量超痕量元素分析；铂族元素分析；同位素比值分析；ICP—MS联用技术在形态分析中的应用。     

无机多元素现代仪器分析技术

本文重点介绍地质领域目前广泛应用的无机多元素现代仪器分析技术,包括电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)、电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)、X射线荧光光谱(XRF)、原子吸收光谱(AAS)、原子荧光光谱(AFS)、电子探针分析技术和共享平台的建立、激光剥蚀等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)微区原位分析技术以...     

环境样品中痕量元素的化学形态分析Ⅰ．分析技术在化学形态分析中的应用

文章介绍了形态分析的基本概念,常用的联用分析技术,如气相色谱原子吸收光谱、气相色谱原子荧光光谱、气相色谱微波诱导等离子体原子发射光谱、气相色谱电感耦合等离子体质谱、高效液相色谱电感耦合等离子体质谱等在环境样品(水、土壤、沉积物)中痕量元素化学形态(价态、金属有机化合物等)分析中的应用,土壤和沉积物中污染元素的顺序提取步骤,以形态分析发展动态。引用文献72篇。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定含气天然矿泉水中的铬

含气天然矿泉水含有高浓度的HCO;和CO2,其中元素Cr的浓度在电感耦合等离子体光谱(ICP-AES)的检出限附近甚至更低,应用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)测定又容易形成多原子离子40 Ar12C,对52 Cr的测定形成干扰,致使ICP-MS不能直接准确测定含气天然矿泉水中的Cr元素.本文对水样进行前处理,加热煮沸2 min后放置至室温,加入硝酸调节水样酸度为5％,促进HCO3-与H+反应生成大量的CO2迅速释放出来,消除了40Ar12C对52Cr产生的质谱干扰,实现了ICP-MS能够直接准确分析Cr的含量,方法检出限为0.23 ng/mL,加标回收率为92.3％～93.7％,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于10％.此方法简单实用,精确度和准确度能够满足天然矿泉水分析测试的要求,还可同时测定此批前处理水样中的锌铜砷镉铅等痕量元素.     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定地质样品中痕量碘溴硒砷的研究Ⅰ．不同介质及不同阴离子形态对测定信号的影响

研究了半熔-电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）同时测定地质样品中痕量碘、溴、硒和砷等非金属元素的可行性。重点研究了不同介质中碘以及溴、砷、硒不同形态对测定信号的影响。比较并讨论了在纯水溶液、0.07mol/LNH     

高分辨电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定地质样品中稀土元素的氧化物干扰研究

电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)用于测定稀土元素经常会引起M+、MO+、MOH+离子的质谱重叠干扰,其中制约分析准确度和精密度的主要因素是多原子离子干扰,尤其是轻稀土元素的氧化物和氢氧化物对重稀土元素的干扰,以及钡的7个天然同位素形成的氧化物和氢氧化物对轻稀土元素的干扰.本文采用高温高压密闭消解地质样品,高分辨电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定其中的痕量稀土元素,研究了低、中、高三种分辨率模式下氧化物的干扰情况,确定了最佳的测定同位素和合适的分辨率.分析结果表明,在低、中分辨率模式下,轻稀土元素Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm的氧化物和Ba的氧化物干扰明显,Gd元素的测定值严重偏离;在高分辨模式下,Ba氧化物对Eu的干扰以及大部分轻稀土元素氧化物对重稀土元素的干扰基本可以消除,无需进行校正,而只有157Gd受到141pr16O的干扰突出,当样品中Pr/Gd的浓度比值大于100时,Gd的测量值必须进行数学校正.     

四川雪宝顶W-Sn-Be矿床中矿物化学组成及矿床成因

雪宝顶矿床位于四川省的松潘甘孜造山带中,以出产大颗粒含W-Sn-Be-F-P的矿物而闻名,前人对该矿床已经开展了大量的研究,但缺乏对粗粒矿物的主次痕量元素研究.本次研究采用X射线荧光光谱(XRF)、电子探针(EMPA)和电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)技术对矿床中各矿物的主次痕量元素进行测试分析.结果显示,雪宝顶矿...     

碱消解-高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定生物样品中的甲基汞和乙基汞

建立了碱消解-高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱联用系统测定生物样品中甲基汞(MeHg)与乙基汞(EtHg)的分析方法。为提高灵敏度,选用微流量的PFA雾化器,在优化的检测条件下,MeHg及EtHg检出限可达到0.036μg/L和0.03μg/L;线性范围达到4个数量级,两条工作曲线线性相关系数为1。对1.78μg/L MeHg、1.65μg/L EtHg的混合标准溶液重复测定7次,色谱峰面积的相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为1.79%和1.44%。对标准物质BCR 464(金枪鱼)的分析结果表明,测定值与标准值基本吻合,但略低于标准值;甲基汞和乙基汞的加标回收率分别为85.9%和84.5%。高效液相色谱与质谱联用技术的高灵敏度和低检出限能够满足生物样品中汞形态定量分析的要求。     

Trace Element Determination by ICP-AES and ICP-MS: Developments and Applications Reported During 2004 and 2005

This review describes significant developments in trace element determination using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) that were reported in 2004 and 2005. It focuses on the application of ICP techniques to geological and environmental samples; fundamental studies in ICP-MS and ICP-AES instrumentation are not included. The literature reviewed indicated that the majority of new publications concerned advances in ICP-MS analysis rather than ICP-AES. However, ICP-AES developments are still being published, particularly in the areas of sample preconcentration and sample introduction. The trend in increasing publication of developments in hyphenated speciation techniques looks set to persist as knowledge of elemental speciation becomes critical for many environmental studies. Collision or reactions cells were the most reported technique for spectral interference removal in ICP-MS, probably reflecting the growing adoption of cell instruments in laboratories during the last few years.     

Speciation Analysis for Iodine in Groundwater Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS)

Methods based on high performance liquid chromatography coupled with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS) for iodine speciation analysis are described. Experiments were performed relating to iodine species, preservative medium and time. The concentration and pH of the buffer are also discussed in relation to separation efficiency. The developed methods allowed the fast and sensitive determination of iodine species with detection limits of 0.025 μg l⁻¹ (as 1) for both iodide and iodate with < 5% relative standard deviation (RSD) for 50 nmol l⁻¹. Attempts were made to quantify total organo-iodine by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC). By way of example, a number of groundwater samples were analysed by these methods, revealing that iodide is the main iodine species in the sampled waters, but that high concentrations of organo-iodine compounds were observed in some samples as well. In summary, the total concentration and the dominant species of iodine in aquatic freshwater environments is easily and accurately measured using this new method.     

土壤硒的存在特征及分析测试技术研究进展

硒是重要的生命健康微量元素之一,土壤硒的空间异质性是造成各种病害和环境问题的主要原因.全球土壤硒分布不均匀,大部分属于低硒土壤,土壤硒含量平均值为0.4mg/kg,典型高硒地区土壤硒含量为346～2018 mg/kg.准确分析土壤硒含量是开展土壤硒研究的基础,土壤样品来源特征和硒存在形式是土壤硒分析测试方法的选择依据,...     

电感耦合等离子体串联质谱法分析凹凸棒黏土中的微量元素

凹凸棒黏土是具有层链状结构的含水富镁铝硅酸盐矿物,矿床成因不同导致凹凸棒黏土中微量元素的组成存在差异,其中Be、Cr、Ni、As、Cd、Sb、Hg、Pb会对健康和环境产生不利影响,而V、Mn、Co、Cu、Zn、Mo、Sn、Ba作为凹凸棒黏土的重要微量元素影响其性能和应用范围,因此,对凹凸棒黏土中微量元素进行精准分析可为...     

Rock Analysis Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry: a Review

The applications of inductively coupled plasma -mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to geoanalysis are reviewed. This technique offers the ability to determine elemental abundances and isotope ratios; it has proven to be sensitive, precise and accurate, and represents a significant advance in instrumentation suitable for rock analysis. This review deals principally with the application of ICP-MS to elemental analysis. Literature citations are complete as of December 31, 1987; particular attention has been paid to data reported for certified reference materials. Although most current ICP-MS analysis employs conventional nebulization of solution samples, there is considerable effort being made to develop viable alternative sample introduction schemes that can be applied to rock analysis. The lack of adequately defined certified reference rock materials is apparent for ICP-MS and other techniques that are capable of routine determinations in the ng/g (ppb) range.     

Recent Developments in Trace Element Analysis by ICP-AES and ICP-MS with Particular Reference to Geological and Environmental Samples

This review describes recent developments in trace element analysis using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). It aims to focus on the application of ICP techniques to geological and environmental samples. Therefore, fundamental studies in ICP-MS and ICP-AES instrumentation have largely been ignored. Whereas the majority of literature reviewed related to ICP-MS, indicating that ICP-MS is now the preferred technique for all geological analysis, there is still a steady development of ICP-AES to environmental applications. It is clear that true flexibility in elemental analysis can only be achieved by combining the advantages of both ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Two particular groups of elements (long-lived radionuclide and the platinum-group elements) stood out as warranting dedicated sections describing analytical developments these areas.     

偏硼酸锂碱熔-电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定海洋沉积物中48种元素

海洋沉积物常用的分析方法如敞开消解或高压密闭消解结合电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)或电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)测定,粉末压片或熔片结合X射线荧光光谱法(XRF)测定,分别存在消解不完全、速度慢、检出限高等缺点,导致样品前处理效率低、待测元素少.针对上述问题,本文采用偏硼酸锂为熔剂分解样品,5％硝酸...     

西南典型地下河系统无机-有机指标特征及健康风险评价

岩溶地下水为全球约25%的人口提供饮用水源,地下河作为主要岩溶地下水类型,是中国西南岩溶区重要供水水源,掌握其水质污染状况及人体健康风险,对岩溶区水资源保护与安全用水具有重要意义。本文以广西桂林会仙狮子岩地下河系统为例,采集地下河水样品22组(无机和有机样品各11组),采用电感耦合等离子体质谱、离子色谱、气相色谱-质谱等方法测定11项无机离子、10项金属元素及41项有机指标的质量浓度,运用单指标污染标准指数法、健康风险评价模型揭示了研究区无机与有机指标分布、污染及健康风险。结果表明：(1)狮子岩地下河水中无机超标指标有NH~+₄(1.33倍)、Fe(1.2倍)、Al(1.5倍)和Mn(1.01倍),超标点多位于地下河排泄区;检出18项有机物,其中挥发性有机物(VOCs)、半挥发性有机物(SVOCs)和有机氯农药(OCPs)检出率分别为18.75%、30.77%和91.67%,研究区存在普遍的农药残留(49.14～109.83ng/L)。(2)与地下水对照值相比,研究区受到10项无机指标的轻度～中度污染、14项有机指标的轻度污染,个别采样点受到NO~-_3<...     

Arsenic speciation in surface waters and sediments in a contaminated waterway: an IC–ICP-MS and XAS based study

An integrated approach involving the use of ion chromatography–inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (IC–ICP-MS), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and sequential extraction procedures has been employed to elucidate the solution and solid phase speciation and partitioning of As in a polluted urban watercourse. Dissolved As concentrations exceeding 130 μg l⁻¹ and comprising entirely inorganic species were determined in the waters of Tinker Brook, a contaminated stream. Upon mixing with a relatively As-free stream, White Ash Brook, both the total concentration of dissolved As and the proportion of As(V) were observed to decrease dramatically below values expected for conservative mixing. This was ascribed to adsorption onto the Fe (oxyhydr)oxides that characterise White Ash Brook on the basis of sequential extraction and direct analysis of the solids via XAS . The shift in oxidation state is speculated to be due to the faster rate of adsorption of As(V) on Fe (oxyhydr)oxides than As(III) in this fast flowing stream system. During periods of reduced supply of anthropogenic As, a small, secondary input of As(III) to White Ash Brook is detectable, delivered by a small ochreous seepage. The Fe (oxyhydr)oxide As-rich deposits surrounding this discharge may also act as a significant source of As upon dissolution during stormflow conditions.