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计算1:1万~1:1百万比例尺地形图数学基础的BASIC实用程序全光钧(河北省测绘局制图队050031)一、引言在编制或使用地形图时,有关某比例尺地形图的数学要素:如编绘时拼贴点(包括图廓点)的高斯一克吕格平面直角坐标值、投影带的中央经线及投影带带号... 相似文献
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1∶1万缩编更新1∶5万地形图,其常规作业采用手工操作,作业烦琐、工效低。本文提出一种作业简捷的新方法,并在解析测图仪上编制应用程序,使展绘图版自动化。该方法1992年研究完成,1995年起进行生产实践,工效提高三至五倍,产量翻番。 相似文献
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利用航片制作1∶10 000 DOM可作为农村土地调查使用高分辨率遥感数据的重要来源。本文以承德实验区为例,通过航片控制测量,采用全数字摄影测量系统制作1∶10 000 DOM,并评价其平面精度是否满足规范的要求,以及地类解译能力。研究表明:采用1∶50 000~1∶60 000万航片制作的1∶10 000 DOM,平面精度优于规范规定要求,影像清晰、色调均匀、反差适中,不同地块之间的界线明显,图斑边界、面积与土地利用数据库吻合情况良好,1∶50 000~1∶60 000航片可以满足农村土地调查所需1∶10 000 DOM制作的要求。 相似文献
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<正> 一.地形图的管理现状我国测制的大比例尺地形图,皆以常规制印方法制版印刷,每幅印刷三百份,由资料部门上架保管。由于各地区的经济发达程度不同,图的使用数量有很大差别,因此有的图幅三百份不敷使用,而有的图幅则使用量很少。这样不但影响了经济建设用图,而且造成了大量的积压浪费,虽然图库的面积已相当庞大,但很多图幅仍然不能及时上架而堆放在地上,给使用和管理带来诸多不便。此外,有些省为了地图再版,仍然保存着裱版原图。这类原图占地面积较大,使用率不高,重量大,不便保管。 相似文献
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像片调绘是根据地物在像片上的构像规律,在室内或野外对像片进行判读调查,识别影像的实质内容,并将影像显示的信息按照用图的需要综合取舍后用规定图式的符号加上注记内容在像片上表示出来。对于像片上没有显示而地形图又需要的地物,要用适当的方法补测描绘到像片上(通称补调),最终获得能够表示地面地理要素的调绘片。更新调绘是在原有成图信息的基础上,为适应新时期用图需要,依据新近获取的像片资料,对成图要素进行更新、补调,使其具有更强现势性的调查与描绘。 相似文献
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随着数字摄影测量技术、LiDAR和InSAR等测绘高新技术的发展,数字高程模型在数据获取、生产技术和工艺等方面较以往发生了很大变化。2001年首次发布的行业标准《基础地理信息数字产品1:100001:50000数字高程模型》在很大程度上已经不能反映当前我国DEM生产的实际状况,有必要对该标准进行修订。深入分析和研究美国、英国、加拿大等国DEM相关标准,并充分考虑我国测绘生产的实际状况,对该标准的相关内容和技术指标进行修订,提高标准的现势性,保证相关标准之间的协调性和完整性,能更好地满足测绘生产和用户的实际需要。 相似文献
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Use of GPS tracking data from different dual-frequency receiver types (cross-correlating vs. codeless) has revealed satellite-dependent
biases in pseudorange observables P1 (Y-code) and C1 (C/A, Clear Acquisition code). These biases can have a direct effect
on clock estimates, carrier phase bias fixing, and other parameters estimated in GPS data processing. A set of satellite-specific
compensatory pseudorange offsets is calculated, and each is applied to a wee of daily global network analyses in which satlellite,
receiver, atmospheric, and Earth rotation parameters are estimated. Results from these analyses are then compared to those
from corresponding baseline cases in which no biases were applied. There is also some evidence that suggests that the pseudorange
biases differ even among codeless receiver models. Hence, a second set of offsets is computed on a different basis, and compared
with the baseline model in a similar manner. A preliminary examination of C1-P1 variations over time is presented. Finally,
recommendations are made for the use of the calculated offsets, and consideration is given to a future dissemination of updates
to these values as necessary. ? 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
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变异时序回归GM(1,1)模型 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
鉴于在GM(1,1)预测模型中,灰参数与背景值导致的GM(1,1)模型的残差,本文提出将残差引入到时序中,对时序进行变异,利用不同的曲线回归方程对变异时序进行估计.基于对不同回归方程估计结果的误差分析,选用最佳的回归方程作为GM(1,1)变异时序预测方程;并将预测结果作为GM(1,1)模型的变量k.实例计算表明,变异时... 相似文献
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设计利用全站仪与GPS-RTK联合作业进行野外数据采集,通过CASS6.0成图软件进行内业成图,完成龙港区双树乡1∶1 000地形图测量工作。主要叙述了RTK技术在地形图图根测量、碎部测量中的可行性和RTK外业测量的操作步骤、注意事项,阐述了RTK定位技术的相关原理,说明了RTK与全站仪联合进行数字化测图是一种高速度、高效率的新方法,对于地形条件复杂的地区,考虑到全站仪与RTK技术的优缺点,可以采用RTK与全站仪联合作业的方式进行地形图的测绘。在测区内不需要进行图根控制测量,使RTK与全站仪优势互补,可大幅度提高测量速度,且可保证测图精度。 相似文献
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《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》1999,54(4):289-297
This paper describes a method for pass processing of IRS-1C/1D imagery acquired by the three CCD arrays of the panchromatic (PAN) camera. It is based on the fact that during a single pass, the image data stream from the three CCD arrays of the PAN camera can be adjusted together as a single image, exploiting the knowledge of the internal geometry and the angular relationships between the CCD arrays. The geometry of this extended image can be rectified with a single ground control point (GCP). A full PAN scene consists of nine subscenes, each with a dimension of 23.5 km×23.5 km. The method is not restricted in the number of continuous full scenes (in the same pass) that can be adjusted. The scale variations between the images from the three detectors are corrected by computing the relative focal lengths of detectors 1 and 3 with respect to detector 2. Two tests were conducted to verify the accuracy of the adjustment procedure. Average root-mean-square (RMS) errors of ±10.5 m in the latitude direction and ±11.3 m in the longitude direction were obtained with a single surveyed GCP and a set of survey points used as checkpoints. The results of the tests show that the adjustment of full PAN scenes, as proposed in this paper, is an effective means of reducing the number of GCPs required for precise determination of ground coordinates. 相似文献
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通过对郑州市居民楼沉降变形监测数据进行处理,分别建立传统的GM(1.1)模型,新信息GM(1.1)模型,新陈代谢GM(1.1)模型,对三种模型进行分析与预报,比较的结果验证了新陈代谢GM(1.1)模型在建筑物沉降变形分析中的实用性、正确性和有效性。 相似文献
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Modern dual-frequency global positioning system (GPS) receivers are capable of providing direct measurements of both L1 C/A (C1) and P code (P1) without the use of the Y-codes under Anti-Spoofing. A discrepancy or bias between the C1 and P1 measurements from these receivers has however been of concern to operators and users of GPS reference networks. For the
purpose of modeling and estimation, the nature and characteristics of the discrepancy must be investigated. The research results
presented indicate that the discrepancy between the C1 and P1 measurements contains two different types of components: one is of constant type while another is time variant. A method
has been developed for their modeling and estimation. The residual C1–P1 time series after a satellite-dependent bias removal agree at a few-centimeter level, indicating the effectiveness of the
proposed model. This allows the C1–P1 discrepancy, both constant and non-constant components, to be removed from GPS reference network solutions. Numerical results
are provided to support the analysis.
Received: 12 October 1999 / Accepted: 11 May 2000 相似文献