电厂卸煤专用码头的港址选择

广东是一个电力资源十分缺乏的地区。随着国民经济的发展,2000年以前,将要建立一批装机容量较大的火力发电厂。而与电厂相配套的重要工程项目,卸煤码头的港址选择显得十分重要。如何在错综复杂的自然条件中,选择出技术上可行、经济上合理的港址,将是提高电厂乃至国民经济效益的关键所在。本文详细地介绍了粤中电厂卸煤码头港址选择的方法,希望对今后类似的工作能有裨益。     

福建深沪湾古森林及牡蛎礁遗迹及其保护的意义

一、深沪湾的地理地质概况深沪湾为福建沿海中部晋江县的一个小海湾,形同肾脏,湾口向东,湾的北端为永宁镇,南端为深沪镇。近十年来,这两个镇的经济发展很快。附近的石狮市是著名的侨乡,又是近年来港、澳、台投资的热点,轻工及商业发展迅速。深沪湾的海岸有如下特点:中部,前港林场以南,土地寮村以北,约1km长的海岸为海蚀红土陡崖。陡崖高5m左右,其物质组成主要为土红色沙质粘土。数百年来,用     

开拓创新,促进发展：天津市海岸带公司成立十五周年发展历程的回顾

今年是天津市海岸带公司成立十五周年。本文结合公司实际阐述了公司的“小实体,大网络”运行机制和“强强联合”的优势。     

汕尾电厂煤港工程泥沙问题研究

通过实测水文泥沙资料、岸滩冲瘀演变分析、泥沙计算、泥沙物理模型试验等手段对汕尾电厂煤港工程泥沙问题进行了研究。通过研究，了解了煤港工程海域--后江湾的水文泥沙基本特征、泥沙来源和泥沙运动规律，找出了煤港工程泥沙淤积成因，预报了煤港工程方案的泥沙淤积量，从泥沙淤积角度论证了煤港建设的可行性。     

广东省海岸侵蚀现状及影响因素分析

20世纪50年代以来,广东海岸蚀退现象比较明显,本文基于广东省海岸侵蚀全面系统的调查,描述了广东省海岸侵蚀现状,进行了侵蚀强度分类及分布规律统计;总结分析不同海岸侵蚀类型的特征及差异;通过分析影响海岸侵蚀灾害的因素认为,广东海岸侵蚀是自然因素和人为因素共同作用下产生的,人类活动是近代海岸侵蚀加剧的主要原因。本研究将有助于广东省海岸带减灾、防灾目标的实现,为海岸侵蚀灾害的进一步研究打下基础。     

华南海岸带自然区划

华南海岸带在气候、水文、生物和土壤等方面具有热带特色,其自然区划分为亚热带、热带与赤道带等3个自然带和5个自然地带。根据区域自然地理差异,进一步划分12个自然环境区。 1963年华南地学界对原广东省(含今广西沿海、海南岛和南海诸岛)作出了综合自然区划。笔者在该项成果并结合华南海岸带自然环境分析的基础上,写成本文。     

中国海岸河口研究的发展和现状

一、前言海岸工程是开发利用沿海资源、发展沿海工农业生产和海运事业的重要手段。诸如海港建设、入海河口整治、海岸防护、海涂围垦、挡潮御滴、潮汐发电、近岸带水产、石油和矿藏的开发以及渔港和海军基地的建设等都属于海岸工程的范畴。这些工程的规划设计涉及波浪、潮     

天津市海岸防护林发展方向的探讨

本文主要宗旨在于探讨在新的环境及经济体制下,如何结合海防林的建设,就天津的城市特点,提出一些可行的发展模式及方法,使天津市海岸带的林业迅速得到发展,森林覆盖率得以显著提高,达到科技兴林的目的。一、天津海防林的特点天津市海岸带地处华北平原东北部,渤海湾中段的西岸,北起涧河口,南至歧口,全长为153.334公里,地跨汉沽、塘沽、大港三个市区和天滓经济技术开发区。基于天津市海岸带的特殊情况即海岸线向陆6～8公     

试论开辟珠海港及其对经济发展的影响

文章分析列举了开辟珠海港的自然条件。认为珠海港的开辟和建设将是实现广东沿海，尤其是珠江三角洲港口合理布局的关键，是珠海市推进西区城市化、经济全面腾飞的压轴工程。最后，还提出了港口建设和发展中应注意的一些问题。     

渤海湾和北黄海海岸带及滩涂的土地和生物资源

我国渤海湾海岸带主要包括辽宁省辽东半岛以西及渤海湾北部,河北省及天津市沿海,山东省黄河口、莱州湾地区;北黄海海岸带主要有辽宁东庄旅大地区,及山东胶东半岛、青岛市及临沂市沿海岸段.以上我国北方四省市沿海岸段,既有农、林、牧、渔、苇、盐的农业土地资源,更有鱼、虾、贝、藻及海珍品、大米草及果蚕等生物资源.从广义的土地资源而言,尚可包括海岸带、滩涂及浅海区的矿产、能源、沿海港口城市及交通旅游资源,但所占面积不如农、渔、苇、盐面积之大.     

档案目标管理实现现代化管理问题的探讨

本文结合我公司档案目标管理的实践,对档案目标管理中如何实现现代化管理问题进行了探讨,提出了贯彻ＩＳＯ９０００质量保证体系与档案目标管理相结合、利用计算机局域网建立档案数据库管理系统等思路,并在实际应用中取得了良好的效果。     

Training and education in integrated coastal zone management

The experience and teaching approach of the Russian State Hydrometeorological University (RSHU, former Institute) in Integrated Coastal Zone Management are discussed. In order to practice effective coastal zone management training and to improve the understanding of different interests of coastal users, the students and post-graduates of the Faculty of Oceanography of RSHU have been involved in research projects concerning the assessment of the changing environmental state in the White Sea-Barents Sea Region. The field work was conducted at UNESCO-IOC-HELCOM cosponsored Baltic Floating University (BFU) facilities. The results and training capacity of the RSHU approach to coastal management education and resource use are discussed.     

天津海域围填海工程对渤海湾水交换的影响研究

利用三维海洋数值模型FVCOM,进行渤海湾三维水动力和水交换数值模拟,经实测潮汐和潮流资料验证,模型模拟结果较好。然后采用该模型对渤海湾内的水体水交换能力进行定量研究。研究结果表明,在天津海域进行围填海工程之前渤海湾水体的半交换周期为300 d左右,围填海之后,水体半交换周期延长25 d,渤海湾西部水体的水交换率下降可达10%,半交换周期延长92 d。尤其是天津沿海南部海域的水交换能力下降严重,围填海之后其水体半交换周期延长可达200 d。渤海湾北部也有部分海域水交换周期延长达200 d。建议在进行围填海工程建设时,应将工程对水体交换能力的影响纳入考虑,避免因围填海工程因素造成的恶劣环境影响。     

海岸带综合管理和陆海统筹的概念内涵研究进展

随着海洋与海岸带开发利用活动的复杂化和深入化,海岸带地区的资源环境问题逐渐显露出来,经济效益降低,传统单一的海岸带管理模式无法满足海洋开发的需求。国外由此提出了海岸带综合管理的概念,我国与之对应的是陆海统筹发展战略。文章对海岸带综合管理与陆海统筹的发展历程进行梳理,分析其概念内涵及发展变化,并从战略目标、空间范围、功能范围和实施手段4个方面比较了二者内涵的异同。最后,指出海岸带综合管理与陆海统筹后续研究应加强海岸带综合管理典型案例研究,推动海岸带综合管理走向海岸带综合治理,探讨人、陆、海三者耦合的机理和过程,加强陆海统筹的发展路径研究。     

Coral reef management in Belize: an approach through integrated coastal zone management

Belize has one of the most extensive reef ecosystems in the Western Hemisphere, comprising one of the largest barrier reefs in the world, three atolls and a complex network of inshore reefs. Until recently, the main impacts were probably from natural events such as hurricanes. However, anthropogenic threats such as sedimentation, agrochemical run-off, coastal development, tourism and overfishing are now of concern. To limit these impacts, Belize is taking the approach of integrated coastal zone management. The programme is building on the existing legislative framework and involves the development of an appropriate institutional structure to co-ordinate management activities in the coastal zone. A Coastal Zone Management Plan is being prepared, which will include many measures that will directly benefit the reefs: a zoning scheme for the coastal zone, incorporating protected areas; legislation and policy guidelines; research and monitoring programmes; education and public awareness campaigns; measures for community participation; and a financial sustainability mechanism.     

Terms of reference towards an integrated management policy in the coastal zone of the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean

The ecological and socioeconomic importance of the Mexican coastal zone of the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean is analyzed and its main problems of pollution and environmental impact are described. Also, the legal, institutional, and technical framework that is applied to the coastal management of the region is analyzed. Finally, the definition and implementation of a Program of Integrated Management for the Coastal Zone of the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean, a Law for the Coastal Zone of the country, and adjustments to the main instruments of national environmental policy applied to the coastal zone of the region are proposed.     

广东海岸带可持续发展决策支持系统总体框架

在阐述了广东海岸带可持续发展决策支持系统的概念后,根据系统的应用需求,确立了系统的总体目标和功能结构,并重点研究了地理信息技术、空间元数据、空间数据仓库技术和决策支持模型与方法等关键技术,在广东海岸带复杂动态海量多源数据的获取、更新、管理、分析与决策中的重要意义和作用,力求为广东海岸带可持续发展决策支持系统的详细分析设计和开发实践提供规范化的解决方案。     

Implementing Integrated Coastal Zone Management in a national policy vacuum: Local case studies from Ireland

Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) is widely advocated at all levels of governance as a means of delivering sustainable development in coastal areas. This paper explores the status and characteristics of various forms of ICZM at the local level given that it is at this level that most ICZM activity currently takes place. In this context, local level ICZM includes agency-led initiatives, local pilot projects and bottom-up approaches. Providing empirical evidence about the relative strengths and weaknesses of these various models for local delivery, this paper presents an overview, critique of and lessons learned from approaches in Ireland, where there is no over-arching national coastal management policy to provide any steer for management. The potential for local government involvement in these approaches is emphasised, particularly in bottom-up and local projects which foster strengthened management capacity within local government with limited resource implications. Whilst the paper highlights difficult jurisdictional issues in the Irish context, the potential for improved coastal management, through continued local government involvement in ICZM networks and local projects, as well as through the implementation of the European Integrated Maritime Policy and Marine Strategy Framework Directive, is outlined.     

The ICZM Balanced Scorecard: A tool for putting integrated coastal zone management into action

Coastal areas are characterised by the choice of performance measures and/or reference points which may be critical in the environmental management process, determining the success of an Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) plan. The tools for the strategic control of ICZM plans are particularly important, although they are still not widely used at the local level. The following paper proposes the use of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) method of Kaplan and Norton (1992), which is a holistic management performance tool that can be used by managers to put into action their business strategy. In particular the methodology has focused on the use of a BSC process, inspired by the Niven (2003) approach for public bodies. The BSC suggests the creation of a framework for the strategic assessment of plans and projects based on the Protocol on Integrated Coastal Zone Management in the Mediterranean (Protocol). An analysis of the Protocol has been carried out according to the BSC model, and it shows how it can be integrated with assessment and environmental management tools, such as the Driving forces, Pressures, States, Impacts and Responses (DPSIR) framework. The proposed process has suggested a novel framework for analysing the ICZM plans of coastal managers and stakeholders. The analytical framework facilitates the examination of Drivers and causes of the ICZM strategy, the possible impact on society and coastal communities, the most appropriate measures to achieve the objectives and the practicalities of implementing such measures given the institutional context of where these are developed.