共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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原位测量技术在黄海沉积声学调查中的应用 总被引:11,自引:3,他引:8
介绍了最新研制的基于液压驱动贯入的自容式海底沉积声学原位测量系统及其在南黄海中部海底沉积声学调查中的应用。该系统可以实现对海底沉积物声速和声衰减系数进行原位测量,通过液压驱动装置将四根声学探杆匀速贯入到海底沉积物中,减少了对沉积物的扰动,可按照预设的工作参数在海底全自动工作,无需甲板上人员实时控制,采集的声波信号自容式存储于存储单元。系统工作水深为500 m,测量深度为1 m,测量频率为30 kHz,采样频率为10 MHz。使用该系统在南黄海中部获得了40个站位不同类型沉积物的声学特性原位测量数据,并使用CTD剖面仪对该系统声速测量进行了标定,相对误差均小于0.5%,表明该系统测量数据准确、可靠。 相似文献
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介绍了一种液压驱动贯入式海底沉积声学原位测量系统的电路控制单元的研究实现过程,以及该控制单元在南海北部海底沉积声学调查中的应用。该电路控制单元以Cortex-A8处理器为核心,集成大容量FLASH存储器,与单片机接口控制板进行串口通讯,实现对声学发射采集单元和机械液压贯入单元的可视化控制和监测。基于该电路控制单元,海底底质声学原位测量系统兼具自容式和在线式两种工作模式,可自容记录或实时采集声学原位测量单元在海底的工作状态数据、海底沉积物声速和声衰减系数等声学特性数据。该声学原位测量系统的实验室联调及南海海试结果表明,使用该电路控制单元对海底底质声学测量过程的监测与控制是有效的,对精确获取海底底质的原位声学特性有重要作用,可以促进海底底质声学原位测量系统的产品化。 相似文献
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《海洋技术学报》2023,(3)
海洋沉积物取样测量会改变沉积物的温度、压力等参数,取样测量所得到的数据会与沉积物的真实参数有所差距。针对上述问题本文开展了海洋沉积物热、电、声探测技术研究,并设计了一款适用于深潜器的海洋沉积物原位热、电、声多参数探针。探针使用时差法测量沉积物中的声速、声衰减系数,使用温纳法测量沉积物的电导率参数,使用NTC热敏电阻作为温度传感器测量沉积物温度。在探针校准并对沙质沉积物进行测量。实验结果表明探针测量电导率标准误差小于2.8 %。温度测量误差小于0.28 ℃,温度测量时间不小于120 s,此次获取泥沙样品的声速为1 737.5 m/s,声衰减系数2.5 dB/m。实验结果显示该探针能够准确、快速的测量海洋沉积物的热、电、声参数。 相似文献
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目前国际上应用较为普遍的海底管道内检测技术主要有漏磁检测技术、超声波检测技术、涡流检测技术。与漏磁内检测技术相比,超声波内检测技术可以直接定量测量管道的剩余壁厚,检测精度较高。本文针对超声内检测器系统开发与缺陷识别量化问题,引入闸门检测超声智能检测方法,对超声内检测器的通过性、检测精度进行工程测试,完成超声内检测器整机系统开发与技术定型。实验结果表明:该系统能够有效发现针孔类缺陷,金属损失类缺陷检出率均大于90%,80%置信度深度精度为±0.04~±0.18 mm,能够满足实际工程应用需求。 相似文献
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超声波萃取-高效液相色谱法在海洋沉积物样品多环芳烃分析中的运用 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
建立用超声波萃取-高效液相色谱法同时检测海洋沉积物中16种优先监控的多环芳烃(PAH s)的方法。本方法采用丙酮作为萃取溶剂,在超声波作用下萃取出泥样中的PAH s,萃取液经浓缩后直接进行高效液相色谱分析。经对色谱条件和萃取条件进行优化后,各PAH组分的线性范围为1~500 ng之间,相关系数0.9921~0.999,检出限0.1~4.6 ng,达到海洋沉积物PAH s的检测要求。运用本法对粤东大规模增养殖区柘林湾表层沉积物PAH s进行检测,各PAH组分加标回收率为69.2%~108%,总平均达89.2%,相对标准偏差为0.5%~10.3%。本方法只需要萃取、浓缩和定容三个步骤,具有简便、迅速、高效、分析成本低的特点。 相似文献
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The diffuse attenuation coefficient(Kd) for downwelling irradiance is calculated from solar irradiance data measured in the Arctic Ocean during 3rd and 4th Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition(CHINARE), including 18 stations and nine stations selected for irradiance profiles in sea water respectively. In this study, the variation of attenuation coefficient in the Arctic Ocean was studied, and the following results were obtained. First, the relationship between attenuation coefficient and chlorophyll concentration in the Arctic Ocean has the form of a power function. The best fit is at 443 nm, and its determination coefficient is more than 0.7. With increasing wavelength, the determination coefficient decreases abruptly. At 550 nm, it even reaches a value lower than 0.2. However, the exponent fitted is only half of that adapted in low-latitude ocean because of the lower chlorophyll-specific absorption in the Arctic Ocean. The upshot was that, in the case of the same chlorophyll concentration, the attenuation caused by phytoplankton chlorophyll in the Arctic Ocean is lower than in low-latitude ocean. Second, the spectral model, which exhibits the relationship of attenuation coefficients between 490 nm and other wavelength, was built and provided a new method to estimate the attenuation coefficient at other wavelength, if the attenuation coefficient at 490 nm was known. Third, the impact factors on attenuation coefficient, including sea ice and sea water mass, were discussed. The influence of sea ice on attenuation coefficient is indirect and is determined through the control of entering solar radiation. The linear relationship between averaging sea ice concentration(ASIC, from 158 Julian day to observation day) and the depth of maximum chlorophyll is fitted by a simple linear equation. In addition, the sea water mass, such as the ACW(Alaskan Coastal Water), directly affects the amount of chlorophyll through taking more nutrient, and results in the higher attenuation coefficient in the layer of 30–60 m. Consequently, the spectral model of diffuse attenuation coefficient, the relationship between attenuation coefficient and chlorophyll and the linear relationship between the ASIC and the depth of maximum chlorophyll, together provide probability for simulating the process of diffuse attenuation coefficient during summer in the Arctic Ocean. 相似文献
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Zhilin Zhang Bensheng Huang Hongxiang Ji Xin Tian Jing Qiu Chao Tan Xiangju Cheng 《海洋学报(英文版)》2021,40(5):30-35
Vegetation in wetlands is a large-scale nature-based resource that can provide multiple benefits to human beings and the environment,such as wave attenuation in coastal zones.Traditionally,there are two main calibration approaches to calculate the attenuation of wave driven by vegetation.The first method is a straightforward one based on the exponential attenuation of wave height in the direction of wave transmission,which,however,overlooks the crucial drag coefficient (C_D).The other method is in accordance with more complicate equations for predicting the damping factor,which is regarded as a function of C_D.In this study,a new relation,combining these above two conventional approaches,is proposed to predict the C_D in an operative approach.Results show that values yielded by the new assessment method perform a strong linear relationship with a collection of historical observations,with a promising R~2 value of 0.90.Besides,the linear regression derives a new predictive equation for the bulk drag coefficient.Additionally,a calibrated value of 4 for the empirical plant drag coefficient(C_P) is revealed.Overall,this new equation,with the superiority of the convenient exponential regression,is expected to be a rapid assessment method for calculating wave attenuation by vegetation and predicting the drag coefficient. 相似文献
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为研究小尺度海底沉积物样品的声衰减特性,作者提出了用声学探针测量海底沉积物声波幅值的新方法,对沉积物样品扰动小,两个测量点的距离可小于波长,为海底沉积物微观声衰减测量提供了新手段。作者用小于波长的间隔逐点测量了沉积物的压缩波幅值,数据分析表明沿沉积物柱状样全长的声衰减满足指数衰减模型。目前主要用同轴差距衰减测量法获得海底沉积物声衰减数据,但该方法不能辨识声衰减模型,因此不同海区的测量结果难以建立联系。对此作者又提出用声吸收系数反演的幅值比与声衰减系数反演的R值(两种幅值比的比值)作评价依据,分析了垂直轴差距衰减测量法获得的南海海底沉积物声衰减测量数据,发现部分沉积物样品声衰减的R值远大于1,其声衰减不满足指数衰减模型。在声衰减满足指数衰减模型的条件下,用Hamilton的声衰减和频率经验公式预报的南海沉积物声衰减比与作者用声学探针测量海底沉积物所得的声衰减比对比,通过对R值分析得出Hamilton的声衰减和频率经验公式可以预报南海沉积物声衰减比的范围。作者提出的声学探针测量海底沉积物声衰减的方法的优点是既能获得声衰减数据又能辨识声衰减模型,不同海区测量的沉积物声衰减比可用R值建立联系。 相似文献
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基于同轴差距测量法的南海深水海底沉积物声衰减特性研究 总被引:4,自引:3,他引:1
通过分析沉积物声波测量过程能量损失的实质,阐述平行轴差距衰减测量法和垂直轴差距衰减测量法的研究基础——差动式衰减测量方法原理,并推导了其衰减系数公式。根据南海沉积物的柱状样品分装的特点,结合以上两种方法,提出了同轴差距衰减测量法,这种方法具有原理上的合理性并且其可操作性强;运用此方法测量了沉积物在常温和温度控制变化条件下的声波信号,计算了衰减系数,研究了温度对沉积物声波传播能量的影响,得出南海深水海底沉积物具有以下声衰减特性:沉积物含砂量高,声衰减系数大;随着温度的升高,沉积物的声衰减系数变化具有不均匀性,整体呈非线性减小趋势。以上研究将为声学遥测和反演海底沉积物的物理力学特性提供数据和方法支持。 相似文献