Geographical Reviews

ISLANDS OF THE MIND: How the Human Imagination Created the Atlantic World. By John R. Gillis. A WORLD OF ISLANDS: An Island Studies Reader. Edited by Godfrey Baldacchino.     

塔里木河流域生态系统健康评价指标体系的构建

流域生态系统健康评价研究是目前生态学研究的一个新概念、新问题,旨在探讨在人类强烈活动干扰下遭忖受严重污染与退化的流域生态系统的健康问题,生态系统健康是人类与环境间的相互协调关系及实现生态可持续发展的重要基础.依据野外调查资料、遥感影像和社会经济数据,分析表明：水资源是决定塔里木河流域生态系统健康与否的关键因素,人类对水资源的不合理开发利用是导致本流域生态环境恶化的根本原因.因此从水资源、生物多样性、生态系统的弹性和经济社会几方面的健康出发,选取相应的一系列指标,构建了塔里木河流域生态系统健康评价指标体系,并确立了各指标健康程度的度量标准.从而为本流域的生态环境管理提供可参考的理论基础.     

Geographical Reviews

CONSERVANCY: The Land Trust Movement in America. By RICHARD BREWER. CONTEMPORARY MEANINGS IN PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY: From What to Why? Edited by STEPHEN TRUDGILL and ANDRÉ ROY. GAINING GROUND: A History of Landmaking in Boston. By NANCY S. SEASHOLES. CHANGING MINES IN AMERICA. By PETER GOIN and C. ELIZABETH RAYMOND. PLANTING NATURE: Trees and the Manipulation of Environmental Stewardship in America. By SHAUL E. COHEN. SEEING THE FOREST AND THE TREES: Human‐Environment Interactions in Forest Ecosystems. Edited by EMILIO F. MORAN and ELINOR OSTROM. LANDSCAPE AND IMAGES. By JOHN STILGOE.     

西藏工布自然保护区生态系统服务价值评估与管理

自然保护区已经成为西藏地区脆弱生态系统可持续发展的重要管理模式。本文以工布自然保护区为例,根据西藏森林清查数据、工布自然保护区的实际情况和国内外权威部门公布的生态服务参考价格,参照《森林生态系统服务功能评估规范》,评估了工布自然保护区资源的经济、生态和社会价值。结果表明,工布自然保护区森林生态系统服务价值为1778.56亿元。其中经济价值为694.41亿元,主要是由林木价值和林副产品价值组成;生态价值主要包括水源涵养、保育土壤、固碳释氧、净化大气、森林防护、生物多样性和森林游憩,计算得到的自然保护区生态价值为1083.77亿元;工布自然保护区的社会价值中主要是增加就业与维持社会稳定的总价值3815.41万元。根据得到的评价结果,分析了西藏自然保护区在管理方面的现状及问题,并提出了相关建议。     

Reviews

Environmental Management and Change in Plymouth and the South West. By M ark B lacksell , J udith M athews and P eter S ims .
People, Environment, Disease and Death. By M elvyn H owe .
Timing global cities. Edited by S.G.E. G ravesteiin , S. van G riensven and M.C. de S midt
Modern Geographical Thought By R ichard P eet .
The Political Ecology of Bananas: Contract Farming, Peasants, and Agrarian Change in the Eastern Caribbean. By L awrence S. G rossman
The Holocene: an Environmental History. By N eil R oberts
Histoire de la Géographie Franáise de 1870 à nos jours. By P aul C laval
Battling the Elements, Weather and Terrain in the Conduct of War. By H rold A. W inters with G erald E. G alloway , W illiam I. R eynolds and D avid W. R hyne
The Military Use of Land, A History of the Defence Estate. By J ohn C hilds
Flood Studies in India. Edited by V ishwas S. K ale
The Northridge Earthquake: Vulnerability and Disaster. By R obert B olin with L ois S tanford
The Assessment of the Status of Human Induced Soil Degradation in South and Southeast Asia. By G.W.A. van L ynden and L.R. O ldeman
Asia Pacific: New Geographies of the Pacific Rim. Edited By F.R. W atters and T.G. M cgee     

生态系统服务供给和需求研究进展

生态系统为人类供给产品与服务,人类对其产品与服务形成需求和消费,供需两者共同构成生态系统服务从自然生态系统流向人类社会系统的动态过程。对生态系统服务的供给和需求进行识别、度量、空间化及均衡分析是生态系统服务研究的重要组成部分,有助于生态系统有效管理以及自然资源合理配置,为生态系统服务付费和生态补偿提供理论支撑。本文基于国内外理论和案例研究成果,首先梳理生态系统服务供给和需求的含义,其次总结和对比从供需空间特征角度对生态系统服务的分类,并归纳生态系统供给和需求的空间化方法,最后从实际供给和潜在供给、实现需求和总量需求、供需数量和空间关系3个方面探讨生态系统服务供需均衡分析框架。     

REVIEWS

The Enigmas of Easter Island : By John Flenley and Paul Bahn.
Two Decades of Change in New Zealand: From Birth to Death V : By Judith A Davey.
Living Space: Towards Sustainable Settlements in New Zealand : Edited by Claire Freeman and Michelle Thompson-Fawcett.
The Prickly Pair: Making Nationalism in Australia and New Zealand : By Denis McLean.
Ecological Context of Development: New Zealand Perspectives : By Marjorie van Roon and Stephen Knight.
Key Concepts in Geography : Edited by Sarah L. Holloway, Stephen P. Rice and Gill Valentine.
Key Methods in Geography : Edited by Nicholas J. Clifford and Gill Valentine.
Global Positioning System: A Field Guide for the Social Sciences : By John Spencer, Brian G. Frizzelle, Philip H. Page, and John B. Vogler.
Glacial Landsystems : By David J. A. Evans (editor).
Food and Environment: Geographies of Taste : Edited by Armando Montanari.
The New Countryside: Geographic Perspectives on Rural Change : Edited by Kenneth B. Beesley, Hugh Millward, Brian Ilbery and Lisa Harrington.     

GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEWS

ARIDLAND SPRINGS IN NORTH AMERICA: Ecology and Conservation. Edited by Lawrence E. Stevens and Vicky J. Meretsky TRINCHERAS SITES IN TIME, SPACE, AND SOCIETY. Edited by Suzanne K. Fish , Paul R. Fish , and M. Elisa Villalpando THE TASTE OF PLACE: A Cultural Journey into Terroir. By Amy B. Trubek THE GROWTH AND COLLAPSE OF PACIFIC ISLAND SOCIETIES: Archaeological and Demographic Perspectives. Edited by Patrick V. Kirch and Jean –Louis Rallu LEPROSY AND EMPIRE: A Medical and Cultural History. By Rod Edmond EMOTIONAL GEOGRAPHIES. Edited by Joyce Davidson , Liz Bondi , and Mick Smith     

Research Ethics,Trauma and Self-care: reflections on disaster geographies

In this Research Note, I reflect on researcher trauma in the discipline of geography, and explore ways to build a framework for researcher self-care by facilitating conversations about mental health in collaboration with Human Research Ethics Committees, Professional and Organisational Development Services and Workplace Health and Safety units.     

Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: THE EVOLUTION OF POLYNESIAN CHIEFDOMS. Patrick Vinton Kirch. AN INDUSTRIAL GEOGRAPHY OF JAPAN. Edited by K. Murata. THE NATURE OF PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY. By K. J. Gregory, Edward Arnold. SOCIAL GEOGRAPHY IN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE. Edited by J. Eyles. SILCON LANDSCAPES. Edited by P. Hall and A. Markusen. Allen and Unwin. GEOGRAPHY MATTERS! A READER. Edited by D. Massey and J. Allen. REGIONS IN QUESTION: SPACE, DEVELOPMENT THEORY AND REGIONAL POLICY, by C. Gore, Methuen. A GEOGRAPHICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY FOR AMERICAN LIBRARIES. Edited by Chauncy D. Harris. DEVELOPMENT AND THE ENVIRONMENTAL CRISIS, RED OR GREEN ALTERNATIVES? By Michael Redclift, Methuen THE MAKING OF NEW ZEALAND: AN ECONOMIC HISTORY. By G. R. Hawke. GEOMORPHOLOGY. By R. J. Chorley, S. A. Schumm and D. E. Sugden.     

GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEWS

BIG SURF, DEEP DIVES, AND THE ISLANDS: My Life in the Ocean. By Ricky Grigg . MONTANA GHOST DANCE: Essays on Land and Life. By John B. Wright . BASEBALL, BARNS, AND BLUEGRASS: A Geography of American Folklife. Edited by George O. Carney . ATLAS OF THE IRISH RURAL LANDSCAPE. Edited by F. H. A. Aalen , Kevin Whelan , and Matthew Stout . THE TASTE OF AMERICAN PLACE: A Reader on Regional and Ethnic Foods. Edited by Barbara G. Shortridge and James R. Shortridge . NO FOREIGN FOOD: The American Diet in Time and Place. By Richard Pillsbury . ANIMAL GEOGRAPHIES: Place, Politics, and Identity in the Nature-Culture Borderlands. Edited by Jennifer Wolch and Jody Emel . THE COTTON PLANTATION SOUTH SINCE THE CIVIL WAR. By Charles S. Aiken .     

GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article: GLOBAL DESERTIFICATION: Do Humans Cause Deserts? Edited by J. F. Reynolds and D. M. Stafford Smith . THE NILE. By Robert O. Collins . THE CHINESE DIASPORA: Space, Place, Mobility, and Identity. Edited by Laurence J. C. Ma and Carolyn Cartier . NEW CHALLENGES FOR DEVELOPMENT AND MODERNIZATION: Hong Kong and the Asia‐Pacific Region in the New Millennium. Edited by Yue‐man Yeung . NEW ORLEANS: The Making of an Urban Landscape. By Peirce F. Lewis . CHARTING LOUISIANA: Five Hundred Years of Maps. Edited by Alfred E. Lemmon , John T. Magill , and Jason R. Wiese . HISTORICAL ATLAS OF CENTRAL AMERICA. By Carolyn Hall and Héctor Pérez Brignoli .     

Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
THE MAKING OF RURAL AUSTRALIA. ENVIRONMENT, SOCIETY AND ECONOMY: GEOGRAPHICAL READINGS. Edited by J. M. Powell
URBAN AND INDUSTRIAL AUSTRALIA: READINGS IN HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. Edited by J. M. Powell     

Reviews

AUSTRALIA: ITS RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT. Edited by G. L. Wood
NEW ZEALAND. Edited by Horace Belshaw. Berkeley and Los Angeles     

Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
CONTENTION AND DISPUTE: ASPECTS OF LAW AND SOCIAL CONTROL IN MELANESIA. Edited by A. L. Epstein
PROBLEM OF CHOICE: LAND IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA'S FUTURE. Edited by Peter G. Sack     

基于模型模拟的中国秸秆还田固碳潜力空间格局分析（英文）

农作物秸秆还田作为农田土壤和养分管理的推荐做法之一,对于土壤有机碳(SOC)固定和CO_2减排具有重要意义。本研究利用环境政策综合气候模型(EPIC)模拟了4种作物秸秆还田情形下2001年至2010年中国农田表层土壤有机碳变化及其空间格局。模拟结果显示,秸秆完全移除(CR0%)下的土壤有机碳损失为28.89 Tg yr^–1,当前30%的秸秆还田(CR30%)能够减缓22.38 Tg C yr^–1的碳损失。若秸秆还田率从30%提高至50%(CR50%)乃至75%(CR75%),中国农田表层土壤将变为净碳汇。中国农田表层土壤固碳潜力在CR50%和CR75%情形下分别可达25.53 Tg C yr^–1和52.85 Tg C yr^–1,且在不同农业区存在空间异质性。单位面积土壤固碳潜力在西北和华北地区最高,而华东最低。华北地区具有最高的区域固碳潜力。在这十年间,CR50%和CR75%情形下增加的土壤表层有机碳相当于减少了1.4%和2.9%的中国CO_2排放总量。总之,我们建议鼓励我国农民将原本直接焚烧或用作家用燃料的秸秆返还田间以改善土壤性质和减缓大气CO_2增加,尤其是华北地区更应推行这一举措。     

REVIEWS

Environmental Impact Assessment: Procedures, Practice, and Prospects in Australia.: By Nick Harvey.
Environmental Impact Assessment: Environmental Outlook No. 3. Law and policy.: Edited by Paul Leadbeter, Neil Gunningham and Ben Boer.
Environmental Impact Assessment: Perspectives on the Precautionary Principle.: Edited by Ronnie Harding and Elizabeth Fisher.     

CHRISTALLER CENTRAL PLACE STRUCTURES: AN INTRODUCTORY STATEMENT. By Nurudeen Alao, Michael F. Dacey, Omar Davies, Kenneth G. Denike, James Huff, John B. Barr, M. J. Webber.

Book reviewed in this article:
THE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC IMPACT OF TOURISM ON PACIFIC COMMUNITIES. Edited by Bryan H. Far-rell.
A NEW KIND OF SUGAR: TOURISM IN THE PACIFIC. Edited by Ben R. Finney and Karen Ann Watson.     

生态补偿方式对农户可持续生计影响分析

对长汀县2000年以来的生态补偿措施进行分类,总结出各生态补偿方式的具体形式和补偿客体;并基于可持续生计分析框架,系统阐述了各生态补偿方式对农户生计资本、生计策略和生计结果的影响．结果表明,现金补偿部分缓解了因封山育林等措施对农户生计造成的不利影响;实物补偿增强了主要参与农户的物质资本,并确定了以农业为主的生计策略和相对稳定的纯收入;政策补偿主要使主要参与农户获得具有稳定产权的山地资源;技术补偿和产业补偿的作用相对较弱．最后,为增强今后各类农户可持续生计,提出技术补偿、政策补偿和产业补偿方式方面的具体对策．     

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
MR. EXPLORER DOUGLAS. Edited by John Pascoe
THE TORLESSE PAPERS, 1848–51. Edited by Peter Maling