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在东海潜在震源区冲绳海槽假定了五个震源点,根据Steven地震海啸地震参数经验值作为初始条件,分别考虑6.5、7.0、7.5、8.0、8.5、9.0级地震条件下的30个震例,采用数值模拟的方法,对海啸在东海传播过程进行情境分析,特别是对上海沿岸地区可能会遭受的海啸灾害做了较为精细的研究.结果发现:小于8.0级的震例对上海地区几乎不会造成影响;8.0级震例只有最北端震源点震例会对上海地区有明显影响;8.5级以及9.0级震级基本上均会对上海沿岸地区造成较大的影响.特别是冲绳海槽北段9.0级震例可能会对上海沿岸局部地区造成危害,最大波高可达3.9m. 相似文献
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海啸传播模型与数值模拟研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
海啸在浅水大陆架的传播问题由于其非线性作用和浅水效应而变得十分复杂,然而目前成熟的海啸传播理论及数值模拟结果在这方面与实际并不一致.本文比较分析了可用来模拟大陆架海啸传播的浅水波模型和数值方法,并提出对我国东海陆架边缘可能发生的近海海啸需要开展数值试验研究. 相似文献
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运用数值模拟的方法,对常水深4 000 m,8.0级纯倾滑直立断层触发的地震海啸,在大洋中传播的前2 000 s各时刻的形态以及峰值进行研究.结果表明,地震海啸产生后的前1 000 s左右的时间内,存在数值震荡,幅值先快速衰减,再逐渐增大,此后,幅值随着时间的推移缓慢衰减. 相似文献
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海啸的数值模拟是海啸研究的一个重要领域, 它对于帮助理解海啸的基本物理特性和预防减灾具有重要意义。 海啸数值模拟程序的编制是一项繁杂的工作, 该文介绍了利用两种功能强大的通用软件(PETSc和FEPG)来进行海啸数值模拟程序编写的研究。 PETSc和FEPG采用有限差分、 有限元、 有限体积等多种离散方法, 可以对数值问题给出稳定的求解。 该文采用了直角坐标系下的非线性浅水波方程作为海啸波传播的控制方程进行离散求解, 并将其结果与TUNAMI N1模型进行了比较, 表明这两种方法方便而且有效。 相似文献
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准确预估南海海啸风险是有效防灾减灾的前提.前人一般把弹性半无限空间背景下解算出来的海底位错直接等同于初始海啸分布,继而开展海啸传播过程研究.由于断层破裂并非瞬时完成,破裂过程会导致初始海啸波高小于海底位错量,即初始海啸衰减.本文基于高精度地形和高密度网格,求解非线性浅水方程,分别针对马尼拉断裂带的南段、中段和北段,构建南海海啸传播数值模型,试图定量考察初始海啸衰减作用对南海海啸的影响.模拟结果表明一定幅度的初始波高衰减将导致几乎相同幅度的海啸波高衰减,相应的偏差可以忽略.在保守的初始海啸衰减幅度(10%)下,模拟结果显示我国东南沿海、越南东部沿海和巴拉望岛为海啸危险区.另外,模型显示科里奥利力导致的波高变化幅度小于5 cm且其分布样式符合预期,这进一步佐证了数值模型的可靠性,也表明在实际南海海啸模拟中可以忽略科里奥利力进而提高计算效率.结合前人的沉积学认识和本文的数值模拟结果,本文认为南澳岛、西沙东岛和越南绥和周边曾同时遭受海啸侵袭,产生海啸的断裂带最有可能是马尼拉断裂带南段.后续有必要加强南澳岛、西沙东岛和越南东部的沉积学研究,识别更早的海啸事件,以期有力约束南海下次海啸事件的发生年份.
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针对东海冲绳海槽地区的地震地质背景,对东海海域潜在的地震海啸进行了预研究. 假设了冲绳海槽在发生8.5级大地震,断层错距高达15 m的极端地震情况引发的海啸对中国东部沿海地区的影响. 初步数值模拟结果表明,该地震引发的海啸的最大初始波高为4.3 m,4小时左右传至浙江沿岸,近岸各处波高为1——2 m,其中局部地区波高为2.4 m;约7——8小时靠近上海海岸线(若震源在中冲绳海槽地区,海啸传到上海最快大约7小时),近岸波高约为1 m. 近岸区域地形变化复杂,海岛密布,局部地形条件可能会很大地影响实际各地点海啸波高,加上海啸在岸边爬高及港湾效应,估计波高还会升高. 给出了冲绳海槽南、中、北部发生潜在地震海啸的传播等时图. 笔者在东海设置了3个地震及海啸监测站,基于海啸模拟结果绘制了监测站处的海啸随时间演化曲线,分析了预研究成果对海啸预警可能发挥的作用. 相似文献
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Ancient Changjiang channel system in the East China Sea continental shelf during the last glaciation
LI Guangxue LIU Yong YANG Zigeng YUE Shuhong YANG Wenda & HAN Xibin . College of Marine Geo-science Ocean University of China Qingdao China . Shandong Key Laboratory of Sea Floor Resource Exploration Technique Qingdao China . Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology Qingdao China . College of Marine Environment Ocean University of China Qingdao China . First Survey Team of Marine Geology Shanghai Bureau of Petroleum Shanghai China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(11):1972-1978
The global sea level had started to rapidly fall about at 25 cal. ka before present. The last glaciation maxi-mum (LGM) is from 23 to 19 cal. ka[1,2]. The sea level at that time is under 130 m depth lower than the mod-ern sea level[3,4]. The continental shelf plain is gradu-ally submerged with rapid sea level rise in the last de-glaciation cycle. Whether rivers occurred in the sere continental shelf plain during the last glaciation cycle has been the hotspot in academia at all times. There a… 相似文献
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Preliminary numerical simulation of potential earthquake-induced tsunami in East China Sea 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In this paper,we present a numerical simulation of the propagation of a tsunami in the East China Sea,which might be induced by a hypothetical M8.5 earthquake in Okinawa Trough. Our results show that the initial maxi-mum wave height of tsunami could reach as high as 4.3 m for the hypothetical earthquake. It would take 3.5~4 hours for the tsunami to propagate to the coast of Zhejiang Province,and 7~8 hours to the near-shore of Shanghai. The peak tsunami height could be up to about 2 m in the coast of Zhejiang Province. Based on the numerical ex-periments,we plot the arrival time contours of tsunami in East China Sea and time history curves on the three ob-servational stations,and discussed the significance of the pre-analysis. 相似文献
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This study investigates the circulation on the French Guiana continental shelf under tidal influence. Indeed, hydrodynamics are characterised by a weak salinity tongue located in the middle of the shelf and induced by the Amazon River, a coastal current flowing from the southeast, and a tidal standing wave whose co-range lines are parallel to the coast. 相似文献
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Great differences in hazard and losses were shown from two tsunamis, both generated in Chile, one in 1960 and the other in 2010. Numerical simulation was applied to the tsunami analysis. The fault dislocation of the seafloor was assumed to equal to the initial tsunami wave field, which can be calculated by the formula of fault dislocation in the elastic isotropic half-space. The linear long wave theory was used as the tsunami hydrodynamic model, and the finite difference method and leap-frog scheme were selected for solving the equations. The accuracy of the simulated results was verified by the observed data in five tide gauges. By means of two scenario tsunamis, the analytical results show that the earthquake magnitude, bathymetry in rupture zone and rapid release of warning information in 2010 tsunami are the main explanations of the aforementioned great difference. 相似文献
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应用重力资源估算东海冲绳海槽地壳厚度 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
利用东海地区的重力资源,并参考在该地区进行的地震测深结果,应用线性公式估算了研究区的地壳厚度,分析了研究区地壳结构特征,根据与中国东部地球物理场、地壳结构的对比,指出东海大陆架地区应是中国大陆的自然延伸,对冲绳海槽的地壳性质进行了探讨,指出冲绳海槽应该为东海大陆架的自然终结。 相似文献
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目前,我国海洋区域地质调查以重磁为主,辅以二维地震,用单一的物探方法难以探测海区沉积盆地中的各个密度界面,本文充分发挥地震、重力和磁力资料的特点,进行优势互补,利用重震联合界面反演技术,对东海陆架盆地的三个密度界面,上新统底界面、中新统底界面和沉积基底进行反演,利用反演结果对研究区的构造区划进行重新认识.东海陆架盆地西部凹陷基本缺失渐新统,海礁凸起南北两块的分界处东西方向的长度较短,钱塘凹陷向东北方向延伸较长,东部西湖凹陷地层发育齐全,新生代沉积厚度大,沉降幅度大,底界面在11794米左右.说明利用重震联合密度界面反演及解释是一项可行的技术. 相似文献
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WU ZiYin JIN XiangLong CAO ZhenYi LI JiaBiao ZHENG YuLong & SHANG JiHong Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences State Oceanic Administration Hangzhou China Second Institute of Oceanography 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2010,(1)
Based on the integrated results of multiple data types including MBES (Multi-Beam Echo Sounding) and historical topography maps,the LSR (Linear Sand Ridges) on the ECS (East China Sea) shelf are identified,divided into subareas,and classified.The distribution of sand ridge crests is also established.The strikes of the LSR on the ECS shelf fall in a normal distribution with the center point being 155° azimuth with additional peak points at 125°,130°,140°,and 180° azimuth.The distribution of the ECS shelf san... 相似文献