状态空间模型在振荡浮子式液压系统波能吸收装置中应用

状态空间模型是研究海洋波浪能转换系统相互作用的一种有效的数学模型,应用该模型的关键之一是如何根据试验或计算的脉冲响应函数来高效地确定状态空间模型中的矩阵参数.结合最速降线法、最小二乘法和精密积分法来求矩阵参数,分别采用了两种不同的方法模拟出了单浮体在波能吸收装置作用下的位移、速度和加速度,并计算出在非线性阻尼情况下的波能装置吸收功率,得出了装置的最优化设计参数.     

不确定混沌系统的反同步与参数辨识

针对一类混沌系统,提出了一种系统的混沌反同步设计方案,基于该方案,设计一种自适应控制方法,实现了参数不确定系统的混沌反同步和未知参数的辨识.数值模拟结果表明了提出方法的有效性.     

实验水槽常规流速模拟的缩尺方法

提出了一种实验室水槽中流速模拟的方法,该方法可根据需要提供合适的模型缩尺比,用来完成相关海洋工程的模型水动力性能实验,可以近似地模拟出实际设备在水中的工作状态,为在实验水槽中模拟水流动力参数提供有效的参考,方便水槽中的科学实验的开展。     

集合调整卡尔曼滤波方法在M2分潮数值模拟中的水深估计研究

数据同化利用观测信息对模型状态场调整的同时也可以对数值模型中的不确定参数进行估计,从而改进数值模型,提高数值模拟的精度。本文基于集合调整卡尔曼滤波方法,采用广义坐标系统的美国普林斯顿大学海洋模式的外模式开展了渤海和部分黄海海域M₂分潮模拟中的水深估计研究。理想数据同化试验结果表明,集合调整卡尔曼滤波方法能很好地降低模式模拟的水位误差并反演出“真实”的水深参数。而在NAO.99Jb和验潮站数据的实际数据同化试验中,与验潮站数据相比较,水深参数估计后,模式模拟的M₂分潮振幅与迟角误差分别降低了40.27%和49.19%。     

利用Chebyshev窗函数获得恒定束宽加权矩阵的数值算法

为了避免空间指向性由于频率变化引起的发射或接收信号失真,目标分类与识别用声纳常采用恒定束宽阵.恒定束宽加权矩阵的获得方法是设计此类声纳基阵的技术关键.根据空间加窗可以改变声纳波束形状的原理,提出了一种利用Cheby8hev窗获得形成恒定束宽波束所需频域加权矩阵的数值算法.文中从分析Chebyshev窗的三个参数之间的关系出发,获得了用于确定最优权系数的迭代公式,并提供了收敛步长的选取方法.计算机仿真验证了方法的有效性.     

基于谱修正迭代的Bursa模型

利用Bursa模型进行空间直角坐标转换时,求解的过程中如果法方程的系数矩阵是病态,则求得的转换参数并不可靠.在谱修正迭代法的基础上,推导了基于谱修正迭代的Bursa模型公式,通过算例可知该方法可有效改善病态矩阵对坐标转换的影响,其坐标转换精度比Bursa模型高.     

具有Leakage变时滞的脉冲反应扩散神经网络的鲁棒指数稳定性

研究一类具有Leakage变时滞和不确定参数的脉冲反应扩散神经网络的平衡点的鲁棒指数稳定性。所研究模型中的Leakage时滞为变时滞,脉冲既与神经元当前状态有关,又与Leakage时滞和传输时滞所产生的历史状态有关。利用Lyapunov函数、Razumikhin技巧和线性矩阵不等式(LMI)方法获得了系统鲁棒指数稳定的新的判别条件。最后给出一个实例说明结果的有效性和实用性。     

基于表面V形沟槽的圆柱减阻性能研究

为了研究沟槽圆柱在亚临界雷诺数下的阻力特性,采用数值模拟与水槽试验相结合的方法,对沟槽圆柱的减阻性能进行研究.开展三维流场数值模拟,确定最佳仿真模型参数,研究沟槽参数、雷诺数以及迎流角对减阻效果的影响,设计了一种减小端面绕流干扰的水槽试验,验证仿真结果.结果表明:在雷诺数为40000时,沟槽深度为0.0075D(D为圆...     

往复潮流作用下推移质粒径趋势形成模拟初探

粒径趋势分析是一种用于判断海洋环境中沉积物净输运方向的方法,但是至今粒径趋势形成的物理机制尚不够清楚,因而影响了粒径趋势分析适用条件的确定。针对这个问题,本文通过建立一维、推移质、往复流（近岸潮流）条件下的数值模型,采用正演方法模拟粒度参数在输运方向上的分布．以评价沉积动力过程的影响,初步探讨粒径趋势形成的物理机制。数值模型实验的初步结果显示,水动力条件的空间差异导致的沉积物粒度参数的空间分布符合粒径趋势分析的假设,粒径趋势分析中定义的两种粒径趋势可由沉积物输运强度的空间梯度而形成,并且在沉积物净输运方向上出现的频率最高。     

基于高斯烟羽模型的船舶尾气扩散研究

为有效对港区大气污染进行治理、分析船舶尾气,本文详细介绍了一种基于高斯烟羽模型,通过MATLAB模拟仿真模型,其包括实验仿真过程、技术原理及理论模型对船舶尾气扩散进行的研究。该模型是在传统的高斯烟羽模型的基础上,通过对实源像源进行加权选择输入参数;通过矢量合成确定了气体扩散的方向,利用合成后的"风速"进行计算仿真,有效模拟了船舶尾气在港区或者海洋环境中的气体扩散模型。其模型简单且可以有效模拟船舶尾气扩散。并且进一步对后续模型的精确优化进行分析。     

解析四维集合变分参数优化方法研究

传统的四维变分数据同化方法在同化观测资料的同时可以对数值模式参数进行优化,然而传统的四维变分方法需要针对不同的数值模式编写特有的伴随模式,因此算法的可移植性差,同时计算时耗费大量资源。本文提出了一种新的基于解析四维集合变分的参数优化方法,该方法以迭代搜索得到的模式参数为基准展开扰动并构建样本集合,由此显式地计算协方差矩阵,并得到代价函数极小值的解析解,从而避免了伴随模式的使用。基于Lorenz-63模型对该方法进行单参数和多参数数值试验和优化效果检验,并在不同的同化时间窗口长度和观测采样间隔情况下,采用传统四维变分方法与之进行对比,结果显示,新方法表现出与传统四维变分相同的优化性能,都能有效收敛到真值,而新方法不需要计算伴随模式,可移植性好。本文还测试了不同的集合成员个数和模式参数真值的情况下新方法的同化效果,结果表明,新方法对集合样本个数及模型参数真值不敏感,采用较少的集合样本即可完成数据同化。     

Vortex-Induced Vibrations of A Long Flexible Cylinder in Linear and Exponential Shear Flows

A numerical study based on a wake oscillator model was conducted to determine the response performance of vortex-induced vibration(VIV) on a long flexible cylinder with pinned-pinned boundary conditions subjected to linear and exponential shear flows. The coupling equations of a structural vibration model and wake oscillator model were solved using a standard central finite difference method of the second order. The VIV response characteristics including the structural displacement, structural frequency, structural wavenumber, standing wave behavior,travelling wave behavior, structural velocity, lift force coefficient and transferred energy from the fluid to the structure with different flow profiles were compared. The numerical results show that the VIV displacement is a combination of standing waves and travelling waves. For linear shear flow, standing waves and travelling waves dominate the VIV response within the low-velocity and high-velocity zones, respectively. The negative values of the transferred energy only occur within the low-velocity zone. However, for exponential shear flow, travelling waves dominate the VIV response and the negative energy occurs along the entire length of the cylinder.     

A Finite Element Method for Cracked Components of Structures

1 .IntroductionOffshoreplatformsarelargescalesteelorconcretestructures.Theyexperiencevariouskindsofdamagessuchasdents ,corrosionpits ,cracks ,deformation ,etc .,afteryearsofenvironmentalimpactofwinds ,waves ,currents ,soilreactions ,earthquakesandice (DuanandLiu ,1 995) .Thesafetyofthestructureshasalwaysbeenthemostimportantissueconcerned ,anditdependsontheassessmentoftheintegrityofthestructures,orspecificallyontheassessmentofthedamagesinthestructures .Riclesetal.( 1 994)experimentallyinvestig…     

Numerical simulation of the influences of sinker weight on the deformation and load of net of gravity sea cage in uniform flow

1IntroductionThe fish farming and aquaculture industry areexpanding and the demand for suitable locations forfish farms is increasing.In the future,more of thefish farms will be located offshore,as the number ofsuitable nearshore locations is limited.Futu…     

浅海沉积层声学特性对声传播损失的影响仿真研究

为厘清海底沉积层声学特性信息的水声环境保障需求,构建浅海两层海底环境参数模型,并参考Hamilton海底底质9种分类设置沉积层声速、密度、衰减系数及厚度的参考值及计算采样区间,利用Kraken简振波模型,采用控制变量的方法,研究了浅海沉积层声学特性参数对声传播损失的影响;开展了建模理论推导及数值技术分析,研究了海底沉积层声学特性参数在模型计算过程中调用过程,并从建模计算的角度对仿真计算的结果进行解释,对海底沉积层声学特性调查装备发展及调查重点参数具有一定的参考价值。     

Numerical study of vegetation damping effects on solitary wave run-up using the nonlinear shallow water equations

Vegetation damping effects on propagating water waves have been investigated by many researchers. This paper investigates the effects of damping due to vegetation on solitary water wave run-up via numerical simulation. The numerical model is based on an implementation of Morison's formulation for vegetation induced inertia and drag stresses in the nonlinear shallow water equations. The numerical model is solved via a finite volume method on a Cartesian cut cell mesh. The accuracy of the numerical scheme and the effects of the vegetation terms in the present model are validated by comparison with experiment results. The model is then applied to simulate a solitary wave propagating on a plane slope with vegetation. The sensitivity of solitary wave run-up to plant height, diameter and stem density is investigated by comparison of the numerical results for different patterns of vegetation. The numerical results show that vegetation can effectively reduce solitary wave propagation velocity and that solitary wave run-up is decreased with increase of plant height in water and also diameter and stem density.     

垂向湍流扩散系数的不确定性对深层叶绿素最大值现象模拟的影响

深层叶绿素最大值(Deep Chlorophyll Maximum, DCM)现象的数值模拟是研究海洋表层生态系统和全球碳循环的重要组成部分之一。但是由于自身的复杂性和观测的局限性,数值模式中物理参数的不确定性给模拟结果带来了一定程度的误差。其中,垂向湍流扩散系数(vertical turbulence diffusion)是模式所包含的物理参数中很难直接通过观测来确定的参数,它在模式中的来源和取值往往具有很大的不确定性。本文通过条件非线性最优(参数)扰动(Conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation related toparameter, CNOP-P)方法,研究了垂向湍流扩散系数的不确定性对模式模拟结果的影响。我们发现,垂向湍流扩散系数对 DCM 模拟产生最大影响的 CNOP 型扰动位于生产力层的上半部分。并且,去掉生产力层内湍流扩散系数的误差,模式模拟的改进程度最高达到了 80%。可见,垂向湍流扩散对生态系统的发展和保持起着极其重要的作用,改进垂向湍流扩散系数的不确定性,对 DCM 的数值模拟有着重要意义。     

海洋赤潮生态模型参数优化研究

根据中日合作海洋生态围隔试验观测资料,对乔方利等１９９８年提出的赤潮过程生态模型（乔方利等,２０００）进行参数优化研究,得到赤潮过程营养２盐半饱和常数：硅藻,ＫＮ＝１．４ｕｍｏｌ／Ｌ、ＫＰ＝０．１２９ｕｍｏｌ／Ｌ、ＫＳｉ＝１．１６ｕｍｏｌ／Ｌ;鞭毛藻,ＫＮ＝０．３４５ｕｍｏｌ／Ｌ、ＫＰ＝０．１１３ｕｍｏｌ／Ｌ以及其它等共１８个参数的最优取值,并详细讨论了目标泛函的构造和多目标函数参数优化的方法。     

Curvature of Flexibility Matrix for Damage Identification in Legs of Jacket Platforms

In this paper a new nondestructive damage identification method is introduced. The method based on flexibility matrix can be used to detect and locate structm＇al damage and evaluate the severity of damage in legs of jacket platforms by modal parameters of a structure. With the modal data for only the few lower modes in both the intact and damaged states, the one-dimensional and two-dimensional distributed curvatures can be used to analyze damage location and the severity. Instead of directly comparing the curvatures before and ＇after damage, the method here uses modal parameters only in the damaged structure to detect the damage and it consists of three parts. First, ilexibility matrix is obtained by use of the absolute maximum in each column. Second, because the legs of jacket platforms are the pipe-like structure, the circumferential flexibility curvature matrix is obtained by use of the circular curvature. At last, equivalent curvature ratio is defined and the curve meaning equivalent curvature ratio and the severity of damage relationship for one element is given through the data of damage severity from ten percent to ninety percent by numerical simulation. Many existing damage detection methods need two steps, locate the damage firstly and evaluate the severity of the damage. However, the method present- ed! in this paper can locate and then evaluate the severity of damage at the same time. The numerical analysis results in- dicate that the present method is effective, useful and only need the first and the second mode data of the structure.