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1.
Characteristics of Clay Minerals in the Northern South China Sea and Its Implications for Evolution of East Asian Monsoon since Miocene 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Clay mineral assemblages, crystallinity, chemistry, and micromorphology of clay particles in sediments from ODP Site 1146 in the northern South China Sea (SCS) were analyzed, and used to trace sediment sources and obtain proxy records of the past changes in the East Asian monsoon climate since the Miocene, based on a multi-approach, including X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDS). Clay minerals consist mainly of illite and smectite, with associated chlorite and kaolinite. The illite at ODP Site 1146 has very well-to-well crystallinity, and smectite has moderate-to-poor crystallinity. In SEM the smectite particles at ODP Site 1146 often appear cauliflower-like, a typical micromorphology of volcanic smecites. The smectite at ODP Site 1146 is relatively rich in Si element, but poor in Fe, very similar to the smectite from the West Philippine Sea. In contrast, the chemical composition of illite at ODP Site 1146 has no obvious differences from those of the Loess plateau, Yellow River, Yangtze River, and Pearl River. A further study on sediment source indicates that smectite originates mainly from Luzon, kaolinite from the Pearl River, and illite and chlorite from the Pearl River, Taiwan and/or the Yangtze River. The clay mineral assemblages at ODP Site 1146 were not only controlled by continental eathering regimes surrounding the SCS, but also by the changing strength of the transport processes. The ratios of (illite+chlorite)/smectite at ODP Site 1146 were adopted as proxies for the East Asian monsoon evolution. Relatively higher ratios reflect strongly intensified winter monsoon relative to summer monsoon, in contrast, lower ratios indicate a strengthened summer monsoon relative to winter monsoon. The consistent variation of this clay proxy from those of Loess plateau, eolian deposition in the North Pacific, planktonic, benthic foraminifera, and black carbon in the SCS since 20 Ma shows that three profound shifts of the East Asian winter monsoon intensity, and aridity in the Asian inland and the intensity of winter monsoon relative to summer monsoon, occurred at about 15 Ma, 8 Ma, and the younger at about 3 Ma. The phased uplift of the Himalaya-Tibetan plateau may have played a significant role in strengthening the Asian monsoon at 15 Ma, 8 Ma, and 3 Ma. 相似文献
2.
南海北部中新世以来粘土矿物特征及东亚古季风记录 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
应用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM) 和X射线能谱(EDS) 分析技术对南海北部ODP1146站中新世以来(~20 Ma) 粘土矿物的组成、结晶学特征、微形貌和化学成分进行了研究, 分析了粘土矿物的物质来源及其记录的东亚季风演化历史.1146站粘土矿物组合的总体特点是以伊利石和蒙脱石为主, 高岭石和绿泥石含量较低.物源分析表明, 1146站蒙脱石主要来自于吕宋岛, 伊利石和绿泥石来自于珠江和台湾(长江), 而高岭石则主要来自于珠江.1146站的粘土矿物不仅被南海周围物源的同时代气候所控制, 而且为相互消长的不同传输作用(表层洋流) 的强度所影响.1146站(伊利石+绿泥石) /蒙脱石比值可以用来作为东亚季风演化的矿物学标志.指标变化显示出东亚冬季风强度和冬季风相对夏季风的强度在15 Ma、8 Ma和3 Ma左右发生了3次显著加强, 结果可以与黄土、北太平洋风尘沉积、南海微体古生物记录等很好对比.青藏高原的阶段性隆升可能促进了东亚季风的这3次加强. 相似文献
3.
对位于海南岛南部陆架的S20孔沉积物进行了沉积学、AMS14C年代、粒度和常微量元素分析,初步探讨了该区物质来源及蕴含的亚洲季风演化信息。近4 400 a以来,S20孔岩性较均一,其沉积作用受相对单一而稳定的水动力条件控制。S20孔沉积物源区物质硅酸盐矿物经历了明显的风化,A—CN—K图示和较低的CIA值(小于66)指示了源区较低的化学风化程度。海南岛东部河流和珠江物质是最为可能影响S20孔区域的两个来源,由于对海南岛河流物质的研究相当匮乏,本研究尚无法定量估算该两个可能物质来源的各自贡献。S20孔沉积物CIA、Al2O3/Na2O、CaO*/TiO2、Na2O/TiO2等变化主要反映的是源区物质风化程度变化,该孔沉积物源区化学风化程度自4 400~1 600 a BP逐渐减弱以及1 600 a BP以来的逐渐增强,与中国南部Dongge洞石笋氧同位素曲线记录的亚洲夏季风变化趋势对应良好,说明该区沉积物中蕴含了丰富的亚洲季风变化信息。S20孔沉积物揭示出的化学风化程度强弱可能主要受控于轨道时间尺度上北半球夏季太阳辐射量变化。南海陆架区沉积物中物源与季风演化等信息的提取,亟待更多更高精度研究工作的展开。 相似文献
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5.
新生代以来,全球地质演化中最大的地质事件不外乎青藏高原的形成及其环境效应,其中东亚地区的黄土堆积及大型水系的形成最为瞩目.珠江作为串联华南大陆与南海北部“源-汇”系统的纽带,是南海沉积学研究的焦点,揭示其形成过程对探讨云贵高原以及青藏东南侧的地形演变具有重要意义.采用元素地球化学与碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谱系源汇综合示踪技术,结合珠江流域及珠江三角洲的研究成果,详细探讨珠江的诞生与演化历史.珠江河流体系初始形成于早渐新世,流域范围仅限于华南沿海地区;晚渐新世珠江发生向西拓展事件,流域面积显著扩大,达到云贵高原东侧边缘;到中新世珠江流域发生明显改变,河流进一步向西、向北溯源侵蚀,流域面积急剧扩大,深入云贵高原腹地.23 Ma珠江流域面积的快速扩展与同时期长江三峡贯通、北方黄土发育均是该时期青藏高原大范围隆升的直接产物,是东亚地区基本形成西高东低地貌特征的具体反映. 相似文献
6.
沉积物元素地球化学分析表明,南海北部地区沉积物渐新统与中新统明显不同,两者之间存在物源突变事件。这一沉积地质事件在时间上与南海扩张轴发生跳跃、滇西高原以及东喜马拉雅构造结的快速隆升等一系列地质构造事件十分吻合,是珠江以及珠江口盆地搬运—沉积—充填演化史上一次重大的转变。Ca/Si、CIA以及Al2O3等参数变化显示,珠江侵蚀区极有可能由渐新世近源硅酸盐为主的华南沿海地区拓展为中新世远达青藏高原东麓的云贵高原碳酸盐为主的地区,流域范围突然扩大。同时伴随沉积物供给增大,造成珠江口盆地从渐新世富砂为主的沉积堆积体系转变为中新世以来以泥为主的沉积堆积体系,显示出珠江的发育演化以及中新世以来的青藏高原隆升在南海北部的沉积充填演变中扮演了重要角色,对南海北部地区油气藏的形成影响深远。 相似文献
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采用沉积地球化学、沉积物矿物成分分析等手段研究发现,自渐新世以来,南海北部沉积物成分具有阶段性改变的特征。在早渐新世,沉积物反映出其母岩以花岗岩和区域变质岩为主; 到晚渐新世,母岩中区域变质岩类型消失,而以花岗岩、沉积岩和接触变质岩为特征; 进入中新世,沉积物主要反映出碳酸盐岩等沉积岩为主的源区特点。这种沉积物成分演变特征与南海北部盆地基底及珠江流域不同区域物质组成特征极为一致,反映出珠江流域演化与南海北部沉积充填之间的对应关系。因此,通过这种研究方法,可以更好地理解32Ma以来南海北部沉积物成分发生改变的原因。同时,可以通过对比南海北部古珠江来源沉积物各时期的成分特点,建立珠江流域的侵蚀-搬运-沉积过程,探讨珠江流域演化历史。 相似文献
8.
国外单纯地依靠建立深水扇沉积模式来研究深水沉积已经走入了困境,本文尝试通过三级“源-渠-汇”耦合研究来探索珠江深水扇系统的沉积。三级次的源-渠-汇耦合研究方法是把控制珠江深水扇系统沉积的诸因素分成宏观-中观-微观级别,分层次地考察珠江深水扇系统。强调利用宏观研究来描述发育珠江深水扇系统形成的地质条件;利用以层序地层解释为主要手段的中观研究刻画出深水扇的沉积结构模式;通过沉积内幕及其响应关系的微观研究识别珠江深水扇的供源背景、输送管道、沉积微观内幕、沉积过程、沉积流态、储集条件和圈闭性。这种方法较之传统扇模式更能从成因上分层次地揭示深水扇的形成发育演化。 相似文献
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晚渐新世-中中新世,南海南部经历了重要的构造变革,北康盆地物源发生了重大变化,引起分散体系的变化,从而影响油气资源分布,因此物源研究具有重要意义.利用地震反射资料,开展地震属性分析,通过RMS(均方根振幅)地层切片,分析分散体系,并探讨物源变化及其控制因素.在晚渐新世-中中新世,北康盆地的沉积物源主要来自南侧,分散体系自南向北;不整合面之后海水突然加深,形成以早中新世不整合面(E M U)为界的2个沉积旋回;在每个旋回内,沉积物补给逐渐增多;在中中新世,沉积物源逐渐向北西方向迁移.通过区域分析,认为北康盆地的物源主要来自南部的曾母前陆盆地,物源的变化是曾母前陆盆地逐渐淤浅成陆和向北推进所致. 相似文献
10.
The Hanjiang Formation of Langhian age(middle Miocene) in the Pearl River Mouth Basin (PRMB),South China Sea consists of deltaic siliciclastic and neritic shelf carbonate rhythmic alternations,which form one of the potential reservoirs of the basin.To improve stratigraphic resolutions for hydrocarbon prospecting and exploration in the basin,the present study undertakes spectral analysis of high-resolution natural gamma-ray(NCR) well-logging record to determine the dominant frequency components and test whether Milankovitch orbital signals are recorded in rhythmic successions.Analytical results indicate the orbital cycles of precession(~19 ka and~23 ka), obliquity(~41 ka),and eccentricity(~100 ka and~405 ka),which provide the strong evidence for astronomically driven climate changes in the rhythmic alternation successions.Within biochronological constraint,a high-resolution astronomical timescale was constructed through the astronomical tuning of the NGR record to recent astronomically calculated variation of Earth’s orbit. The astronomically tuned timescale can be applied to calculate astronomical ages for the geological events and bioevents recognized throughout the period.The first downhole occurrences of foraminifers Globorotalia peripheroronda and Globigerinoides sicanus are dated at 14.546 Ma and 14.919 Ma,respectively,which are slightly different from earlier estimates in the South China Sea. When compared with the global sea-level change chart,the astronomical estimate for the sequences recognized based on microfossil distributions have the same end time but the different initiation time. This is probably due to the local or regional tectonic activities superimposed on eustatic rise which postponed the effect of global sea-level rising.Astronomical timescale also resolves the depositional evolution history for the Langhian Stage(middle Miocene) with a variation that strongly resembles that of Earth’s orbital eccentricity predicted from 13.65 Ma to 15.97 Ma.We infer that the main factor controlling the variability of the sedimentation rate in the Hanjiang Formation is related to the~405-ka-period eccentricity. 相似文献
11.
印度‒欧亚大陆碰撞和青藏高原隆升,深刻地改变了亚洲地形及气候格局,引发了大河水系的重大调整.近年来,南海北缘大河演化成为地学研究的前沿和热点问题.近海油气勘探和国际大洋钻探计划(IODP)的实施,为重建华南主要大河演化提供了连续且年代精确的沉积记录.梳理了近20年来南海北缘新生代盆地的沉积物源研究,讨论了华南主要大河演化(包括红河和珠江等)的沉积学研究进展.莺歌海盆地物源研究显示,晚始新世以来红河是该盆地主要物源供给者;并且莺歌海盆地与青藏高原东南缘其他大河(包括怒江、澜沧江和长江等)的物源信号差异较大(如碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄和钾长石Pb同位素等),表明晚始新世以来这些大河并未汇入莺歌海盆地,即青藏高原东南缘并不存在巨型古红河.珠江口盆地在始新世‒早渐新世主要由华南南缘供给沉积物,指示古珠江流域范围较小;晚渐新世在南海打开的驱动下,古珠江向西扩展至青藏东南缘.台湾新生代地层的物源区在晚渐新世由华南沿海转变为武夷山,暗示着古闽江向西扩展.华南沿海主要大河(包括珠江和闽江等)在晚渐新世均经历了由中小型水系向内陆拓展的过程,与南海打开时限基本吻合,表明南海打开控制了这些大河的演化. 相似文献
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The Late Mesozoic is an important tectonic period for subduction of Paleo-Pacific slab beneath East Asia continent. It intensely led to Jurassic to Cretaceous magmatism associated with intracontinental deformation in South China. Subduction-related accretionary complexes remained regionally from SW Japan, E Taiwan to the W Philippines and Borneo. Studies on geology in South China, especially in magmatism, have been performed with good data, results, and sufficient understandings; whereas those arc-related intermediate igneous rocks have been less found. The areas from East to South China Seas which are located at the junction between sea and land will be the preferred areas for the study of the Late Mesozoic magmatic arc and the forearc basin. The relevant arc-related magmatic rocks and forearc sedimentary records have been increasingly discovered. Studies of magmatic arc and forearc basin combined with subdction complex will be essential to the reconstruction of the convergent continental margin in South China. Analyses of magmatic arc identification from South to East China Seas, arc to forearc relationship, and assembly between arc and regional faults will become necessary to improve the knowledge of the model of East Asia convergent continental margin, and as well help to develop the understanding of Late Mesozoic forearc basin and resource potentials in the southeast sea areas. 相似文献
13.
Qingyun Nan Tiegang Li Jinxia Chen Rajiv Nigma Xinke Yu Zhaokai Xu Zaibao Yang 《Quaternary Research》2014
A sediment core from the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) was analyzed for grain size and organic geochemistry parameters (TOC and δ13Corg). The results showed that high mean grain-size value and increased sand content were correlated with the high TOC and negative δ13Corg. These results indicated high river runoff in the PRE area. Peak river discharge occurred during the periods 1900–1750, 1500–1600, 1400–1200, 1000–900 and 750–600 cal yr BP. The main changes recorded in grain-size distributions, TOC contents, and δ13Corg variations appear to be directly related to monsoon precipitation in the sediment source area. An increased East Asian summer monsoon rainfall (EASM) and/or an enhanced East Asian winter monsoon rainfall could result in the increasing of monsoon rainfall. Typhoon related rainfalls could act as positive influence on precipitation levels. The study of the correlations between the rainfall records and ENSO activities revealed a close relationship between the monsoon rainfall in the PRE and the tropical Pacific variations. The frequent occurrence of ENSO might result in the southern migration of the EASM rain belt and lead to more typhoon-derived rainfall in the PRD during the late Holocene. 相似文献
14.
日本列岛是位于欧亚东缘和西太平洋过渡带上的大陆板块,其来源和成因机制得到了广泛研究,传统上认为其成因是由太平洋俯冲形成的沟弧盆体系的一部分,但仍存在诸多争议。基于地形地貌、地震勘探剖面和盆地构造演化史恢复、古地磁测量和古生物等诸多证据,将南海北部的珠江口盆地、台西南盆地和东海盆地及冲绳海槽的构造迁移进行统一的系统分析,研究结果表明日本大陆板块在新生代由两个区域分别漂移而来。北海道来自赤道附近,而本州、四国和九州来自华南大陆边缘。其成因动力机制与欧亚板块从北大西洋的裂解东漂和印度与欧亚碰撞密切相关,在这个过程中,位于欧亚板块东缘的日本三岛首先发生了裂解,之后发生了漂移。新的大陆漂移模型合理地解释了沟弧盆体系的形成机制和过程,说明了弧状岛弧的成因机制,也给出了所形成的盆地内油气富集的规律。本研究为大陆漂移模式提供了一个新的动力机制。 相似文献
15.
This study uses high‐quality two‐dimensional (2‐D) seismic and well data to analyse seismic stratigraphy and deep‐water Pliocene sediments in the Qiongdongnan Basin (QDNB), South China Sea. Eight major seismic facies were identified based on the amplitude, continuity, configuration, and external geometry of seismic reflections. Among them, sigmoid progradational configurations, oblique progradational configurations, mound‐shaped chaotic configurations, and mound‐shaped hummocky configurations are newly identified seismic facies indicative of provenance and water system significance. They were interpreted as a Pliocene‐aged eastern shelf‐edge delta, a western shelf‐edge delta, and eastern and western submarine fans in QDNB. Consequently, two sets of Pliocene shelf‐edge delta‐continental slope canyon‐submarine fan systems were established in the QDNB. From the approximately NNW–SSE progradation of the shelf‐edge delta, the characteristics of the approximately ENE–WSW distributed continental slope system, and the definition of a source‐to‐sink system, as well as previous heavy mineral research, we conclude the existence of two Pliocene sources from Hainan Island in the northern QDNB, corresponding to the Lingshui River and Wanquan River. Two independent and complete source‐to‐sink systems (S2S‐2, S2S‐3) were distinguished from the northern Hainan Island to the basin area. S2S‐2 is located in the western QDNB, which includes the Lingshui River‐western shelf‐edge delta‐continental slope canyon‐submarine fan. This source‐to‐sink system has more sand‐rich material and better reservoir conditions than S2S‐3 in the eastern basin, predominantly due to a higher quality granite parent rock, abundant provenance, and a large‐scale delta and submarine fan. 相似文献
16.
应用单道浅层地震、等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)和X射线衍射(XRD)等测试技术对地层结构及主微量元素地球化学、黏土矿物组成和结晶学特征等气候代用指标进行分析,高精度刻画了北部湾东南部末次间冰期以来的气候演化及驱动机制。指标变化显示南海西北部75千年(75 ka)以来物源供给受气候及海平面变化的协同控制。晚更新世受海因里希(Heinrich)全球气候变冷事件及青藏高原巨大高度和纬度效应的调控导致56 ka、41 ka和28 ka东亚季风的冬季风较夏季风阶段性增强,步入全新世以来,北部湾东南部历经多次干湿交替性升温过程,逐步演化到现今气候阶段。 相似文献
17.
Dongguan (东莞) City, located in the Pearl River Delta, South China, is famous for its rapid industrialization in the past 30 years. A total of 90 topsoil samples have been collected from agricultural fields, including vegetable and orchard soils in the city, and eight heavy metals (As, Cu, Cd,Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn) and other items (pH values and organic matter) have been analyzed, to evaluate the influence of anthropie activities on the environmental quality of agricultural soils and to identify the spatial distribution of trace elements and possible sources of trace elements. The elements Hg, Pb, and Cd have accumulated remarkably here, incomparison with the soil background content of elements in Guangdong (广东) Province. Pollution is more serious in the western plain and the central region, which are heavily distributed with industries and rivers. Multivariate and geostatistical methods have been applied to differentiate the influences of natural processes and human activities on the pollution of heavy metals in topsoils in the study area. The results of cluster analysis (CA) and factor analysis (FA) show that Ni, Cr, Cu, Zn, and As are grouped in factor F1,Pb in F2, and Cd and Hg in F3, respectively. The spatial pattern of the three factors may be well demonstrated by geostatistical analysis. It is shown that the first factor could be considered as a natural source controlled by parent rocks. The second factor could be referred to as "industrial and traffic pollution sources". The source of the third factor is mainly controlled by long-term anthropic activities ,ad a consequence of agricultural fossil fuel consumption and atmospheric deposition. 相似文献
18.
应用X射线衍射(XRD)对南海北部陆架海域225个站位表层沉积物黏土组分进行分析,结果表明,研究区黏土矿物总体以伊利石和绿泥石为主,高岭石和蒙脱石质量分数少,绿泥石、高岭石与蒙脱石质量分数呈明显的负相关关系。根据南海北部陆架海域表层沉积物中黏土矿物空间分布特征,结合邻近河流的黏土矿物组分以及洋流搬运作用,雷州半岛东部海域伊利石主要来源于广东沿海河流和珠江,绿泥石来自台湾岛,蒙脱石主要由吕宋河流提供,高岭石则由广东沿海河流和海南岛入海河流提供;雷州半岛西部海域伊利石来源于珠江,绿泥石和高岭石由红河提供,蒙脱石可能受广西入海河流携带的沉积物影响。 相似文献
19.
为了深入认识珠江现代入海物质在粤西陆架随海流迁移扩散的路径和沉积中心,利用Gao-Collins方法分析了粤西-琼东北近海1 515个站位的粒径趋势,并用210Pb法测定了8支柱样的现代沉积速率。结果表明,在粤西沿岸流和南海暖流这两个相向海流的共同作用下,珠江口外珠江来源的泥质沉积物的主体被限制在-50 m等深线以浅的内陆架。现代珠江入海物质能维持粤西陆架泥质沉积区0.1 cm/a左右的现代沉积速率。在川山群岛至海陵岛一带和琼州海峡东侧泥质区,分别受岛屿阻挡和逆时针中尺度涡旋的影响,形成了现代沉积中心。在沉积物不同粒级的来源和搬运方式存在差异的地方,粒径趋势分析结果可能主要反映的是粗颗粒沉积物的运移趋势,而非细颗粒沉积物的运移方向。 相似文献

