升阳益胃针刺法治疗不寐50例疗效观察

目的：观察升阳益胃针刺法治疗不寐的临床疗效。方法：将100 例不寐患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各50 例。治疗组采用升阳益胃针刺法治疗,对照组口服阿普唑仑片治疗。比较2组综合疗效及治疗前后匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）评分。结果：愈显率治疗组为74.0%（37/50）,对照组为52.0%（26/50）,2组比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;总有效率治疗组为92.0%（46/50）,对照组为82.0%（41/50）,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。治疗后,2组PSQI各因子评分及总分均较治疗前有所下降,治疗组睡眠质量、睡眠障碍、日间功能评分及总分均低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：升阳益胃针刺法治疗不寐疗效显著,在改善睡眠质量方面优于西药阿普唑仑片治疗,值得临床推广。     

升阳益胃汤临证用药规律的文献研究

目的：总结升阳益胃汤临证用药的规律。方法：检索中国知网（CNKI）、维普中文科技期刊数据库（VIP）、万方数据（WANFANG DATA）、中国中医药期刊文献数据库（TCMARS）中应用升阳益胃汤治疗疾病的验案,对纳入文献中的医案、药物进行分析。结果：升阳益胃汤主要治疗脾胃虚弱之肺病,其中黄芪、茯苓药量最大,常作为君药;常加入的药味主要是升麻、苍术、葛根、附子;常减去的药味为独活、黄连、泽泻、白芍、羌活。结论：升阳益胃汤在《脾胃论》中是以脾胃为核心,运用“升降沉浮补泻用药法”调整全身性气机的示范方。     

升阳益胃汤加减治疗消化心身疾病脾虚湿困证56例

目的：探讨升阳益胃汤加减治疗消化心身疾病脾虚湿困证的临床疗效。方法：根据不同病种将110 例消化心身疾病脾虚湿困证患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组（56 例）采用升阳益胃汤加减治疗,对照组（54 例）采用氟哌噻吨美利曲辛片治疗,2组患者若伴有器质性疾病或症状较重者则予以对症治疗。比较2组中医证候疗效、中医证候评分及躯体症状群积分。结果：中医证候疗效总有效率治疗组为87.50%（49/56）,对照组为68.52%（37/54）,差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。2组中医主症（反酸烧心、胃胀）评分、中医次症评分、躯体症状群积分治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;治疗组腹痛、口疮评分及对照组腹痛评分治疗前后比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：升阳益胃汤加减治疗消化心身疾病脾虚湿困证疗效较好,能有效改善患者的临床症状,缓解患者焦虑、抑郁情绪。     

升阳益胃汤加减治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征的Meta分析

目的：系统评价升阳益胃汤加减治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征（IBS-D）的临床疗效。方法:计算机检索中国知网（CNKI）、万方数据（WANFANG DATA）、维普中文科技期刊数据库（VIP）、PubMed、the Cochrane Library、Embase中有关升阳益胃汤加减（治疗组）与常规西药或中成药（对照组）治疗IBS-D的临床随机对照试验（RCTs）。按照纳入与排除标准,由2名研究者独立对文献进行筛选、信息提取及质量评价,运用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果：纳入11篇文献研究,共计880 例患者。Meta分析结果显示：与对照组相比,升阳益胃汤加减可提高IBS-D患者的总有效率［OR=3.18,95%CI（2.10,4.82）,P<0.00001］,降低腹泻积分［SMD=-0.81,95%CI（-1.04,-0.59）,P<0.00001］,降低腹痛积分［SMD=-0.55,95%CI（-0.82,-0.27）,P<0.0001］、［SMD=-1.25,95%CI（-1.52,-0.97）,P<0.00001］,降低5-HT水平［MD=-81.62,95%CI（-104.59,-58.65）,P<0.00001］,减少复发率［OR=0.29,95%CI（0.16,0.55),P=0.0001］,且不良反应少。结论：升阳益胃汤加减治疗IBS-D具有较好的疗效,且复发率较低,但纳入研究的样本数小,总体质量不高,其疗效仍需更高质量、大样本的RCTs加以证实。     

基于“升阳散郁”探析柴胡汤类方证运用

叶天士《临证指南医案》基于阳气郁积之腹痛病证首倡“升阳散郁”治法,阳升郁散,则气血调和、阴阳平衡、形神合一,然“升阳散郁”内涵并不局限于此。《伤寒论》载少阳病小柴胡汤证“阳微结”之病机,即少阳气机郁结。观其病机,或可从“升阳散郁”治法探析少阳病小柴胡汤证之具体机制,剖析小柴胡汤方证及《伤寒论》“升阳散郁”内涵,为柴胡汤类方临床应用提供新思路,拓展“升阳散郁”治法实践。     

“肺之脾胃虚”论及其在肺系疾病中的应用探析

补土派医家李东垣在《脾胃论》中提出了“内伤脾胃,百病由生”的学术思想,并在此基础上论述了内伤杂病的病因病机。本文就“肺之脾胃虚”论从理论来源、辨治思路、临证用方三个方面进行了探析,并总结其代表方升阳益胃汤在肺系疾病中的临床应用,以供参阅。     

升阳益胃针法治疗双相情感障碍30例临床观察

目的：观察升阳益胃针法治疗双相情感障碍（BD）的临床疗效。方法：将60 例BD患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各30 例。对照组予以西药治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上加用升阳益胃针法治疗。比较2组综合疗效及倍克-拉范森躁狂量表（BRMS）、24项汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD-24）、胃肠道症状（GIS）评分。结果：总有效率治疗组为90.0%（27/30）,高于对照组的70.0%（21/30）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。2组BRMS、HAMD-24、GIS评分治疗后均较治疗前有所下降,且治疗组下降幅度大于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：升阳益胃针法治疗BD,不仅可以改善患者心身症状,还能降低药物不良反应,值得临床推广。     

调气通路法结合西药治疗原发性高血压病胰岛素抵抗的临床研究

目的：观察自拟升阳化浊汤治疗气虚痰阻型慢性脑供血不足性眩晕的临床疗效。方法：将90 例气虚痰阻型慢性脑供血不足性眩晕患者随机分为3组,每组各30 例。治疗组采用自拟升阳化浊汤联合甲磺酸倍他司汀片治疗,对照1组单用甲磺酸倍他司汀片治疗,对照2组单用自拟升阳化浊汤治疗。治疗2周后,观察3组综合疗效、血液流学变指标（全血黏度、全血高切还原黏度、血浆黏度、全血低切还原黏度）及不良反应。结果：总有效率治疗组为93.3%（28/30）,高于对照1、2组的80.0%（24/30）、83.3%（25/30）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,而对照1、2组比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。3组血液流变学各项指标治疗前后组内比较及治疗后治疗组与对照1、2组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,而对照1、2组比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。对照2组不良反应总发生率为6.7%（2/30）,低于治疗组、对照1组的30.0%（9/30）、23.3%（7/30）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：自拟升阳化浊汤联合甲磺酸倍他司汀片治疗气虚痰阻型慢性脑供血不足性眩晕疗效好,能改善血液流变学指标,且安全性较高,具有临床应用价值。     

Assimilating satellite SST/SSH and in-situ T/S profiles with the Localized Weighted Ensemble Kalman Filter

The Localized Weighted Ensemble Kalman Filter(LWEnKF) is a new nonlinear/non-Gaussian data assimilation(DA) method that can effectively alleviate the filter degradation problem faced by particle filtering, and it has great prospects for applications in geophysical models. In terms of operational applications, along-track sea surface height(AT-SSH), swath sea surface temperature(S-SST) and in-situ temperature and salinity(T/S) profiles are assimilated using the LWEnKF in the northern South China ...     

Bias correction of sea surface temperature retrospective fore-casts in the South China Sea

Offline bias correction of numerical marine forecast products is an effective post-processing means to improve forecast accuracy. Two offline bias correction methods for sea surface temperature(SST) forecasts have been developed in this study: a backpropagation neural network(BPNN) algorithm, and a hybrid algorithm of empirical orthogonal function(EOF) analysis and BPNN(named EOF-BPNN). The performances of these two methods are validated using bias correction experiments implemented in the South...     

20世纪夏威夷最大海啸的地质证据

夏威夷历史海啸记录包含远距离和当地产生的海啸,由这些事件引起的人员伤亡和对建筑、环境造成的破坏与损失是惊人的,但是在近来才有一些对历史海啸沉积事件的综合性的研究.夏威夷多岩石的海岸线的演变主要是海啸和风暴的贡献,然而区分风暴和海啸是很难的,特别是相关的小的历史海啸事件.因此夏威夷海啸的研究往往关注于大的古海啸沉积事件.研究表明远距离产生的事件,如1946年阿留申海啸对瓦胡岛岩石岸线的演变具有重要影响.活火山也有助于岩石岸线的形成,且容易引发当地海啸.现代活动的Kilauea火山南侧海域的逐步沉降并没有引起太平洋范围内的破坏性的大海啸,但引发了局部一系列重要的海啸事件,这些事件的周期被估计认为是200年.     

Validation and application of soil moisture active passive sea surface salinity observation over the Changjiang River Estuary

Using sea surface salinity(SSS)observation from the soil moisture active passive(SMAP)mission,we analyzed the spatial distribution and seasonal variation of SSS around Changjiang River(Yangtze River)Estuary for the period of September 2015 to August 2018.First,we found that the SSS from SMAP is more accurate than soil moisture and ocean salinity(SMOS)mission observation when comparing with the in situ observations.Then,the SSS signature of the Changjiang River freshwater was analyzed using SMAP data and the river discharge data from the Datong hydrological station.The results show that the SSS around the Changjiang River Estuary is significantly lower than that of the open ocean,and shows significant seasonal variation.The minimum value of SSS appears in July and maximum SSS in December.The root mean square difference of daily SSS between SMAP observation and in situ observation is around 3 in both summer and winter,which is much lower than the annual range of SSS variation.In summer,the diffusion direction of the Changjiang River freshwater depicted by SSS from SMAP is consistent with the path of freshwater from in situ observation,suggesting that SMAP observation may be used in coastal seas in monitoring the diffusion and advection of freshwater discharge.     

团结奋进再创辉煌——中国海洋卫星事业发展20年回顾

我国是管理海域辽阔,海岸线漫长,资源丰富的海洋大国。大力发展海洋事业,事关国家的长治久安和经济社会的可持续发展。加强对海洋的观测和了解,准确预报海洋灾害,合理开发利用海洋资源,努力保护海洋生态环境,有效维护国家海洋主权与权益,是广大海洋工作者和海洋管理部门的神圣使命和战略任务。国家海洋局从建局以来,就一直积极发展海洋科学技术,着力强化海洋观测系统建设,不断提高对海洋的持久观测能力,为海洋事业实现跨越式发展提供了强有力的支撑。     

Analysis of cultivable aerobic bacterial community composition and screening for facultative sulfate-reducing bacteria in marine corrosive steel

Anaerobic, aerobic, and facultative bacteria are all present in corrosive environments. However, as previous studies to address corrosion in the marine environment have largely focused on anaerobic bacteria, limited attention has been paid to the composition and function of aerobic and facultative bacteria in this process. For analysis in this study, ten samples were collected from rust layers on steel plates that had been immersed in seawater for diff erent periods (i.e., six months and eight years) at Sanya and Xiamen, China. The cultivable aerobic bacterial community structure as well as the number of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) were analyzed in both cases, while the proportion of facultative SRB among the isolated aerobic bacteria in each sample was also evaluated using a novel approach. Bacterial abundance results show that the proportions are related to sea location and immersion time;abundances of culturable aerobic bacteria (CAB) and SRB from Sanya were greater in most corrosion samples than those from Xiamen, and abundances of both bacterial groups were greater in samples immersed for six months than for eight years. A total of 213 isolates were obtained from all samples in terms of CAB community composition, and a phylogenetic analysis revealed that the taxa comprised four phyla and 31 genera. Bacterial species composition is related to marine location;the results show that Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the dominant phyla, accounting for 98.13% of the total, while Bacillus and Vibrio were the dominant genera, accounting for 53.06% of the total. An additional sixfacultative SRB strains were also screened from the isolates obtained and were found to encompass the genus Vibrio (four strains), Staphylococcus (one strain), and Photobacterium (one strain). It is noteworthy that mentions of Photobacterium species have so far been absent from the literature, both in terms of its membership of the SRB group and its relationship to corrosion.     

海洋湖沼通报征稿启事

一、本刊为海洋与湖沼科学的综合性学术刊物。内容包括:1.海洋与湖沼科学研究的论文、调查及实验报告;2.海洋与湖沼科学的综合评述、重要书刊和论文的评介;3.国内外海洋与湖沼科学的先进经验及学术动态。二、投稿须知1.来稿的图、表及说明要清楚、准确,置于文中相应位置。论文要求文字、语法符合汉语规范,标点使用要恰当。电子稿书写请按宋体5号字、1.5倍行距。文中使用照片的,请寄冲     

国际海岸清洁日 斑海豹协会在行动

2011年9月17日是国际海岸清洁日。由辽宁省盘锦市保护斑海豹志愿者协会发起,盘锦市180多名环保志愿者来到辽河入海口的斑海豹栖息地三道沟和六道沟海岸,捡拾海边不可降解的白色垃圾。这是盘锦市第一次组织和参与国际海岸清洁日活动。这次活动早在8月就在盘锦市保护斑海豹志愿者协会论坛上发帖通知,并在《辽河晚报》发布了征召志愿者的公告。协会会员和广大志愿者积极报名参加,上至70多岁的老人,下至7、8岁的孩童,有的是一家三口自驾车参加活动。17日是个周末,