东喀喇昆仑北坡三叠纪复理石中遗迹化石及地质意义

新疆喀喇昆仑山东北侧的中下三叠统河尾滩群是形成于海底浊积扇中外扇环境的浊积岩,其薄层和中厚层砂岩中发育了一套半深水-深水遗迹化石,共有11属12种:Bergaueria sp.;Chondrites sp.;Cosmorhaphe lobata;Glockeria sp.;Gordia sp.;Helminthopsis sp.;Muensteria sp.;Palaeophycos striatus;P.tubularis;Spirophycos sp.;Thalassinoides sp.和简单型Zoophycos sp该遗迹群落不能简单地归入Seilacher的深海Nereites遗迹相。根据共生关系,该遗迹群落可以划分为3个组合。组合1包括Bergaueria sp.,Muensteria sp.,Palaeophycos striatus和Thalasinoides sp.;组合2只有Zoophycos组成;组合3由深水类型遗迹化石组成,包括Chondrites sp.,Cosmorhaphe lobata,Gordia sp.,Helminthopsis sp.,Palaeophycos tubularis,Spirophycos sp..遗迹组合的生态分析表明其形成水深在300-2000m。遗迹化石产出岩层未见浅水沉积标志支持这一推论。该套遗迹化石在青海省的果洛、玉树地区相同时代的复理石沉积中亦有产出, 表明喀喇昆仑以北在三叠纪时有一个延伸范围较大的深海盆或洋盆。     

西秦岭北带泥盆纪遗迹群落在浊积岩系中的分布特征

本文重点研究内容是:1）舒家坝组时代的厘定和层序叠置关系;2）遗迹群落总体概况以及各遗迹属确定的依据;3）浊流沉积作用控制遗迹群落的形成及其分布特征。通过本文研究不难看出,舒家坝组的43个遗迹化石属可划分为两大类。一是形成于浊流间歇期缓慢沉积的泥岩层面,主要为“深水型”遗迹分子;另一是产于浊流突然事件来临及其后快速堆积的砂岩内,包括“浅水型”和“穿相型”分子。就其分异度和丰度而言,虽均以前者最高,但这两类遗迹化石组合共生在一个沉积剖面,这恰是浊积岩系（复理石相）遗迹化石分布的独有特征。     

济阳坳陷车15井区浊积扇沉积及油气勘探意义

根据岩心、地震、测录井资料,在济阳坳陷车镇凹陷车15井区的沙三下砂砾体中识别出滑塌浊积扇和深水浊积扇。其中,车古25井以具水道补给的(有根的)滑塌浊积扇为特色;内扇及水道最发育,为碎屑流夹浊流的巨砾岩、中细砾岩(厚10～20 m)与砾质砂岩夹薄层深灰、灰色泥岩;崩塌成因的巨砾(大小1.06 m)反映了陡的斜坡;地震上呈楔状外形,内扇为弱反射,中扇与外扇为发散、亚平行的连续反射。车57井以粒度偏细且有根的深水浊积扇与深湖相互层为特色;中扇发育,为厚(5～11 m)的水道碎屑流细砾岩与砾质砂岩,夹深灰色泥岩;水道沉积表现为钟型测井曲线。顺水道方向滑塌浊积扇由北而南产生进积,向盆出现深水浊积扇;2类扇体沿主构造线串珠状排列,包裹于大片的深湖相中,呈现"深湖包扇"的沉积格局。不同类型浊积扇的识别及其边界的确定,对于该区隐蔽圈闭勘探具有重要意义。     

内蒙古西乌旗下二叠统寿山沟组海底扇的发现及意义

西乌珠穆沁旗地区下二叠统寿山沟组沉积环境的认识尚缺乏确凿证据.对塔宾庙林场剖面寿山沟组的研究认为是一套海相碎屑岩沉积,岩石类型以长石岩屑砂岩为主,发育粒序层理和平行层理,属于鲍马序列中的A和B段,并伴有Zoophycos相遗迹化石组合,属于海底扇沉积.根据岩石类型、砂岩的单层厚度、砂岩和泥岩的比值,划分出内扇、中扇、外扇3个亚相,内扇亚相发育水道砾岩,外扇亚相发育复理石相遗迹化石.该区寿山沟组厚层暗色泥岩,是良好的烃源岩,而扇体可以作为有效的储层,具有很好的油气勘探前景.     

闽西南地区早三叠世溪口组浊流沉积

闽西南地区的早三叠世溪口组主要由深水浊流沉积组成，可以识别出５个相类型:砾岩相、砂岩相、砂岩－泥岩相、粉砂岩－泥岩相、具粒序的粉砂质泥岩相。它们可组成５个相组合，分别形成于浊积扇的上扇、中扇和下扇环境。相组合的空间展布、古水流以及遗迹化石的分布均一致表明，当时的大陆坡倾向南东。砂岩的地球化学成分反映其构造背景为被动大陆边缘.     

南祁连清水沟一带奥陶纪盐池湾组岩石地层特征

在南祁连清水沟一带,盐池湾组呈北西西-南东东向展布．为一套深灰绿色细碎屑浊积岩系夹深海泥岩。主要岩性有变泥质粉砂岩、长石石英杂砂岩、细砂质长石石英粉砂岩、长石杂砂岩、绢云石英千枚岩等。岩石中粒序层理、交错层理不太发育,指示该组岩层层序是倒转的．即北老南新。该组发育不完整鲍玛层序,有3种类型．即ABCD型、韵律型和均一型。综合研究盐池湾组的宏观岩性特征、基本层序、沉积构造、浊流沉积岩石学特征、粒度曲线特征、微量元素、稀土元素指数等蕴藏在沉积岩中的各种地质信息,指示该组形成于次深海至深海相浊流沉积中端相和远端相区。浊积岩与深海泥岩以不同比例重复组合,构成复理石沉积建造。     

鄂尔多斯盆地吴堡地区长6段浊积特征及其石油地质意义

在介绍鄂尔多斯盆地吴堡地区延长组长6段沉积特征的基础上,探讨了该储层物性特征、浊积岩特征、浊积岩分布规律及其对油藏的影响,明确了浊流沉积的石油地质意义。结果表明：鄂尔多斯盆地吴堡地区长6段以发育长石砂岩为主,填隙物成分有方解石、绿泥石、白云母以及少量的石英加大、长石加大等,砂岩储集层孔隙结构具有很强的非均质性;吴堡地区长6期湖盆沉降趋于稳定,是三角洲的高建设时期;多水系、多物源的三角洲前缘沉积为深湖浊积扇沉积提供了充足的物质基础;在吴堡地区东北部三角洲前缘水下分流河道前端发育深湖浊积扇沉积,可区分出中心微相和边缘微相两个沉积微相带,其中浊积扇中心微相以细砂岩、粉砂岩与暗色泥岩呈砂泥互层;从平面上看,浊积岩砂体非均质性在侧向上逐渐变弱,砂体底部发育厚度较大、成熟度较高的暗色湖相沉积的烃源岩,深湖相的暗色泥岩含有丰富的烃源岩,而浊积岩砂体是由深湖相的暗色泥岩构成,孔渗物性好的区域易于形成良好的上倾尖灭的透镜状岩性油藏。     

新疆北天山中石炭统的复理石相

充填于北天山晚古生代优地槽内的中石炭统由下部蛇绿岩套和上部复理石组成.复理石是由暗色火山碎屑浊积岩组成.它在垂向上具有粒度和层厚规律性变化的特点.并且还具有两个向上变细减薄的辫状水道充填、废弃层序,表明浊积岩的沉积作用受控于浊积扇体系.火山碎屑浊积岩底痕构造不发育,这可能是它们与再沉积的陆源碎屑浊积岩的区别之一.经化学分析,岩石组合系数(δ)小于3.3属钙碱系列.复理石相中发现了8种遗迹属,它们均包括于与浊流有关的深海环境的Nereites遗迹相中.     

新疆北天山中石炭统的复理石相

充填于北天山晚古生代优地槽内的中石炭统由下部蛇绿岩套和上部复理石组成.复理石是由暗色火山碎屑浊积岩组成.它在垂向上具有粒度和层厚规律性变化的特点.并且还具有两个向上变细减薄的辫状水道充填、废弃层序,表明浊积岩的沉积作用受控于浊积扇体系.火山碎屑浊积岩底痕构造不发育,这可能是它们与再沉积的陆源碎屑浊积岩的区别之一.经化学分析,岩石组合系数(δ)小于3.3属钙碱系列.复理石相中发现了8种遗迹属,它们均包括于与浊流有关的深海环境的Nereites遗迹相中.     

西秦岭北带泥盆系舒家坝组深海陆源碎屑沉积序列的研究

西秦岭北带泥盆系舒家坝组属中晚泥盆世,地层总厚超过２０００ｍ。除最上部碳酸盐岩段外,主要是细、粉砂岩与页（泥）岩不等厚五层组成的沉积序列。本文从以下三个方面论证该序列形成于半深海－深海环境:１）时空上主要是由分布稳定的细粒浊积岩组成;２）等深积岩与浊积岩相伴而生;３）在浊积岩系和深海泥页岩中发现了高分异度、高丰度的遗迹化石共４１个属,其中占遗迹总属的８０%为深水型分子。此外,从岩相、垂直序列和古水流三方面的特征论证了舒家坝组属非扇沉积模式。     

Trace Fossils from Lower Cambrian Wusongger Formation in Xiaoerbulake Outcrop,Kalpin Area,Xinjiang

Based on the analysis of trace fossils collected from the typical outcrop of the Lower Cambrian Wusongger Formation in the Kalpin area, ten ichnospecies of six ichnogenus were identified in the upper member of the Wusongger Formation, with most of them being found for the first time. The trace fossils are described seriatim. The ichnospecies are mainly represented by such common trace fossils as Ophiomorpha nodosa, Helminthopsis hieroglyphica, Helminthopsis ichnosp., Planolites beverleyensis, Planolites vulgaris, Planolites montanus, Palaeophycus striatus, Palaeophycus curvatus?, Cochlichnus anguineus and Rituichnus elongatum. The trace fossils are of high diversity and low abundance, and can be diagnosed as the Cruziana ichnofacies. They can be interpreted as having formed in a shallow water environment.     

新疆柯坪地区志留系柯坪塔格组的遗迹化石

通过对柯坪地区剖面志留系的研究,在柯坪塔格组中已识别出遗迹化石15属20种,它们是：Asterichnus lawrencensis,Cochlichnus anguineus, Cruziana ichnosp., Cruziana qinlingensis, Cruziana rouaulti, Diplichnites bipartibilis,Gordia molassica, Helminthopsis abeli, Helminthopsis isp., Lockeia siliquaria ,Monocraterion cf. teataculatum, Palaeophycus tubularis, Planolites isp.,Planolites montanus, Planolites punctatus, Rusophycus ramellensis,?Scolicia ichnosp., Sagittichnus lincki,Spirophycus bicornis,Taenidium cameronensis。根据这些遗迹化石的组成、产状、分布规律及其围岩的沉积特征,可以划分为2种不同沉积环境条件下的遗迹组合,即(1)Helminthopsis-Gordia遗迹组合, 主要组成分子有Asterichnus, Diplichnites,Gorida, Helminthopsis, Planolites, Rusophycus,?Scolicia和Spirophycus,等,被解释形成于低能的滨外远岸浅海陆棚环境;(2)Cruziana-Rusophycus遗迹组合,常见组成分子有Cochlichnus,Cruziana, Lockeia, Palaeophycus,Rusophycus, Monocraterion,Sagittichnus,和Taenidium等,解释它们形成于滨外近岸浅海陆棚环境。     

重庆綦江白垩系夹关组遗迹化石及其沉积环境

遗迹化石大都是原地埋藏,研究遗迹化石在古环境、古气候、古海洋和古生态等方面的重建具有重要的意义。綦江国家地质公园老瀛山园区夹关组地层中已发现的无脊椎动物遗迹化石经鉴定包括1大类3属3种,分别为觅食迹Scoyenia gracilis(纤细斯柯茵迹)、Beconites antarcticus(南极似塔形迹)和Planolites beverleyensis(贝弗利漫游迹)。这些遗迹化石都属于Scoyenia遗迹相,代表了研究区在白垩纪夹关期为间断性暴露地表的河漫滩或者滨浅湖环境。     

Research on Dinoasur Footprints in Zizhou, Shaanxi Province, China

In recent years, the discoveries of dinosaur footprints have been successively reported from Dianshi Town, Zizhou City, Shaanxi Province. The footprints include the tracks of theropod, ornithopod and sauropod as well. Actually, the dinosaur footprints were found by local inhabitants much earlier in history, but not for science. The slabs bearing the dinosaur footprints were collected for domestic use, such as building stones, millstones, cellar covers, sheepfold fences, windlass holders, etc. This paper is to describe the dinosaur footprints on both sides of three slabs used for cellar covers, sheepfold fences and windlass holders by the local people. 24 dinosaur footprints and 4 trackways have been recognized and all of them belong to theropod. Four kinds of dinosaur footprints are identified, including 1 new ichnogenus and 2 new ichnospecies: (1) Shanbeipus caudatus ichnogen. et ichnosp. nov.; (2) Pengxianpus yulinensis ichnosp. nov.; (3) Eubrontes ichnosp; (4) Kayentapus ichnosp. Dinosaur-footprint-bearing beds were initially identified as the Fuxian Formation of the Lower Jurassic. Multipal dinosaur footprints associated with fragment plant fossils suggest a humid fluvio-lacustrine environment setting in the Ordos Basin during the early period of the Jurassic.     

贵阳乌当泥盆系马鬃岭组上部地层中的遗迹化石

本文首次描述贵阳乌当泥盆系马鬃岭组上部地层中产出的遗迹化石10属,lO种（其中1个新遗迹种）,并对这些遗迹化石产出层位的沉积环境作了初步分析,认为主要属于Seilacher（1964,1967）的Skolithos遗迹相,为水动力条件较强的高能滨海沉积环境。     

A diverse ichnofauna from silurian flysch of the aberystwyth grits formation,Wales

The most extensive ichnofauna yet recorded from a deep water Lower Palaeozoic sequence occurs within the distal turbidites of the Lower Silurian Aberystwyth Grits Formation of Central Wales. The strata contain an abundant assemblage comprising 25 ichnogenera: Asteriacites, Bergaueria, Chondrites, Cochlichnus, Cosmorhaphe, Glockerichnus, Gordia, Helicolithus, Helminthopsis, Helminthoida, Hormosiroidea, Lorenzinia, Megagrapton, Monomorphichnus, Neonereites, Nereites, Palaeophycus, Paleodictyon, Planolites, Protopaleodictyon, Spirorhaphe, Spirophycus, Squamodictyon, Subphyllochorda, Taphrhelminthopsis; 36 ichnospecies are described, three of which (Asteriacites aberensis, Helminthopsis regularis, Cosmorhaphe elongata) are new. The inorganic sedimentary structures and trace fossils of some 418 sandstone beds were examined in detail; 16 per cent of the beds commence with Divisions A or B and 84 per cent with Division C of the turbidite sequence. This indicates a relatively distal environment, mainly receiving low velocity turbidity currents, and favouring trace fossil preservation. The most common traces were Helminthopsis, Paleodictyon, and Squamodictyon which were found on 46 per cent, 34 per cent, and 19 per cent of the beds examined. Data from this, and other recently described sequences, confirms that there was a gradual increase in trace fossil diversity in the deep oceans throughout the Lower Palaeozoic, in contrast to the situation in shallow water shelf seas where a peak was reached as early as the Lower Cambrian.     

豫西前寒武纪汝阳群遗迹化石

本文研究的遗迹化石：Ｒｕｙａｎｇｉｃｈｎｕｓ ｌｏｙｕｅｎｓｉｓ ｉｃｈｎｏｇｅｎ，ｅｔ ｉｃｈｎｏｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．，Ｔｏｒｒｏｗａｎｇｅａ ｒｏｓｅｉ ｗｅｂｂｙ，Ｃｈａｎｇｃｈｅｎｇｉａ ｉｃｈｎｏｓｐ．，Ｓｑｕａｍｏｄｉｃｔ ｙｏｎ（？）ｉｃｈｎｏｓｐ．等发现于河南西部鲁山县和汝阳县的汝阳群云梦山组和北大尖组。根据同位素年龄值，微古植物和叠层石资料，产遗迹化石的汝阳群应相当于中元古代，可以和蓟     

贵阳乌当下奥陶统湄潭组遗迹化石及其古环境意义

本文系统研究了贵阳乌当下奥陶统湄潭组遗迹化石,认为这些遗迹化石系风暴沉积前后的产物,并首次在我国发现cruzianc furcifera 遗迹组合,这对于地层对比,遗迹组合的地理分布均有重要意义.     

贵州丹寨南皋地区中寒武统甲劳组的遗迹化石

贵州丹寨南皋是中国南方寒武系典型地层剖面的地区之一.描述了产自中寒武统甲劳组的遗迹化石Chondrites ichnosp., Beaconichnus jiaolaoensis (nov. ichnosp.), Bifungites ichnosp., Diplichnites danzhaiensis (nov. ichnosp.), Monomorphichnus taenia (nov. ichnosp.), Palaeophycus tubularis, Phycodes pedum, Teichichnus rectus, T. palmatu. 对Beaconichnus Gevoers,1973和Qipanshanichnus Luo et Tao,1994进行了对比研究,认为这2个遗迹属为同一遗迹的不同部位,为同义名.甲劳组的遗迹化石组合属Seilacher(1964,1967)的Cruziana遗迹相,其沉积环境应为浪基面之下水动能中等的正常浅海环境.