Effects of grazing and climate change on sandy grassland ecosystems in Inner Mongolia

To understand the effects of grazing activities and climate change on sandy grassland ecosystems in northern China, a livestock field grazing and enclosure experiment was conducted from 1992 to 2006 in Horqin Sand Land, Inner Mongolia. The results showed that sustained heavy grazing resulted in serious degradation of the vegetation; moderate grazing can maintain vegetation stabilization; and light grazing can promote rapid restoration of degraded vegetation. The livestock productivity was the highest in the moderate grazing grassland, and sustained heavy grazing resulted in rapid decrease of the livestock productivity. Heavy grazing can cause a retrogressive succession of grassland vegetation, whereas moderate and light grazing may promote progressive succession of plant species. The effects of changing climate on succession processes were not significant in the short term; a warm-humid climate is favorable to restoration of degraded vegetation, whereas a sustained warm-drought climate may result in degradation of grassland vegetation. Heavy livestock grazing should be stopped for the sustainable use of grassland; the proper grazing intensity for sandy grassland is two to three sheep or sheep equivalents per hectare in Inner Mongolia.     

内蒙古草地NPP变化特征及其对气候变化敏感性的CENTURY模拟研究

气候变化及其对植被净初级生产力的影响是全球变化研究的核心内容之一。基于空间化的CENTURY生物过程模型,分析1981-2010年内蒙古草地净初级生产力（NPP）的时空演变规律及其对关键气候因子的敏感性特征。结果表明：近30年内蒙古草地大部分区域NPP呈下降态势但趋势并不显著,全区平均降速约为1.17 g C/m²·a;NPP年代际变化时空差异较大,1980s至1990s约69.65%的区域NPP下降,1990s至2000s NPP下降加剧,下降面积较前者扩大了17.50%;NPP对降水与温度的敏感性特征空间异质性较强,但总体上区域降水减少可能是近30年内蒙古草地NPP下降的主要因素,温度升高同样会导致草地NPP下降,但作用程度较小。     

湖北气候与管理因素变化对棉花单产影响的区域差异

湖北省是中国重要的植棉省份之一,气候和管理因素变化对棉花生长产生重要影响.因此,本文采用1986-2016年湖北气温、降水量和太阳辐射量3个气候因子数据,有效灌溉面积、农用化肥施用量和棉花品种3个管理因素数据,构建了面板回归模型,定量计算得到气候因子和管理因素的趋势和波动变化对棉花单产的影响及其相对贡献率.结果 表明:...     

大数据时代中国气候变化科学数据共享服务的发展现状与趋势分析

随着气候变化研究的进一步深入,中国已经积累和发布了越来越多气候变化方面的数据,为深入系统的科学研究和科技创新提供了宝贵的数据资源.相关数据存量越来越大,存储类型越来越丰富,促使我们进入一个前所未有的大数据时代.大数据时代需要对海量数据进行挖掘和应用,必然离不开数据的开放和共享.本文首先对气候变化驱动因素科学数据、气候变...