“一带一路”沿线地区隐含碳流动研究（英文）

In the past few decades, economic globalization has driven rapid growth of cross-border trade and a new international division of labor, leading to increasing inter-country embodied carbon flows. Multi-region input-output(MRIO) analysis is used to identify embodied carbon flows between major world regions, including seven regions along the Belt and Road(BR), and the spatial distribution of production-and consumption-based carbon intensities. The results show that current embodied carbon flows are virtually all from BR regions to developed countries, with more than 95% of world net embodied carbon exports coming from BR regions. Consumption in the United States and European Union countries induce about 30% of the carbon emissions in most BR regions, indicating that the former bear a high proportion of consumers' responsibility for the carbon emitted in the latter. For this reason, measuring environmental responsibilities from consumption rather than a production-based perspective is more equitable, while developing countries should be given a louder voice in the construction through dialogue and cooperation, in part in the context of the Belt and Road Initiative, of an inclusive global climate governance system.     

“一带一路”沿线地区隐含碳流动研究

随着全球各区域的连通性不断增强,碳流动以及碳泄漏在全球碳减排过程中扮演着越来越重要的角色。伴随全球产业跨境转移的过程,发达国家的高碳行业逐渐转移到发展中国家,并从这些国家进口成品用于自身最终消费。基于多区域投入产出分析,本文测算了“一带一路”沿线地区隐含碳流动,分析了生产碳及消费碳强度在全球的空间分布,并以此为基础探讨了“一带一路”沿线地区的生产者及消费者责任。结果显示,“一带一路”沿线地区的生产碳强度大都高于消费碳强度,且两者的差值大多高于“一带一路”区域外发达地区。全球95%以上的隐含碳净流出发生在“一带一路”沿线地区,美国、西欧等发达国家/地区的消费所引发的“一带一路”沿线主要区域直接碳排放占比约为30%。考虑到跨国贸易中的隐含碳排放,“一带一路”沿线地区整体承受了较大的碳排放压力。从消费者责任着手衡量各国家/地区在全球气候变化中的碳排放责任,并以包容性全球化为基础推进“一带一路”气候治理体系构建,可为长期难以达成协议的全球气候治理问题提供有效思路。     

Economic Development Status of the Countries along the Belt and Road and Their Correlations with Population and Carbon Emissions

The construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road are important measures for allowing China to expand its opening up to the outside world under the background of economic globalization. Based on this consideration, and from the perspective of geo-economics, this study uses a variety of mathematical statistical methods to analyze the economic development status and differences among the 30 countries along the Belt and Road. In addition, the correlations between GDP, population and carbon emissions in these countries are also analyzed. The results show that the current economic development levels of the countries along the Belt and Road are quite variable; the gaps between the indicators of the economic development of the countries along the Belt and Road are convergent; the GDP, population, and carbon emissions of the countries along the Belt and Road each showed an overall upward trend during the study period, and the changes in these three values showed significant correlations. Across all countries, the correlation coefficients between GDP and population (0.989), between GDP and carbon emissions (0.995), and between population and carbon emissions (0.993), all indicate that the correlations between GDP, population and carbon emissions are very high. Among them, GDP has the highest correlation with carbon emissions, reaching 0.995. Regression analysis shows that the value of R2 reached 0.995, indicating that the regression fitting effect is very good and the calculation result is highly reliable. Based on these results, this paper proposes the following two suggestions: (1) Promoting the Belt and Road initiative should handle the relationship between developing and developed countries; and (2) Promoting the Belt and Road initiative should also be linked to China's domestic regional development strategy.     

低碳转型下中国高耗能行业的碳风险传导解析：基于隐含碳关联网络视角

高耗能行业作为中国低碳转型的重要一环,是落实碳达峰、碳中和目标的重要抓手。结合各行业/部门上下游关联,本文力求构建中国隐含碳关联网络,解析高耗能行业的碳风险传导路径,主要结论如下：① 中国高耗能行业的碳排放总量从2007年的50.45亿t增长至2017年的74.27亿t,占比从77%增长至80%。② 石油加工业、化学原料制品业、有色金属加工业的上下游隐含碳转移效率相对较高,而电力生产供应业、非金属制品业、黑色金属加工业则相对较低。③ 随着高耗能与其上下游行业的关联增强,隐含碳排放占比逐层降低,碳风险传导路径各有不同。④ 电力生产供应业、黑色金属加工业、非金属制品业等的单位增加值减少量对应的碳排放削减量较高,减排效率较其他行业更为显著。本研究通过构建隐含碳关联网络,解析碳风险传导的关键节点及路径,力求为中国高耗能行业的可持续低碳转型及潜在风险规避提供借鉴参考。     

"一带一路"沿线国家或地区人才流动网络结构演化

基于高等学校留学生流动数据,构建加权有向网络模型,对2000~2015年“一带一路”沿线国家或地区人才流动网络结构演化进行研究。主要结论如下：① 沿线人才流动网络规模迅速扩大,人才流动的数量和路径在迅速增加。② 沿线人才流动网络呈“由中向西,自南到北”的空间格局特征,中亚地区的留学生主要向西流向俄罗斯、乌克兰等国,东南亚和南亚地区的留学生主要向北流向中国内地。③ 沿线人才流动网络分化为独联体社团、中国东盟社团、西亚北非社团、中东欧社团、南亚社团等5个社团。④ 中国内地和俄罗斯处于沿线人才流动网络的核心位置,东南亚、西亚和东欧部分国家处于边缘地带。     

“一带一路”沿线国家投资悖论的形成机理研究

投资与贸易合作是“一带一路”倡议实施的重点。投资者往往会选择低风险且具有高收益潜力的国家或地区进行高投资,然而中国企业对“一带一路”沿线国家的投资却存在高风险与高投资并存的投资悖论现象。本文遴选2013—2018年“一带一路”沿线吸纳中国对外直接投资金额较高且存在较高投资风险的国家,解析这些国家的时空特点,探究投资悖论的形成机理。研究发现：（1）从空间视角看,投资悖论国家大多数为中国的周边邻国。从“一带一路”的空间走向看,海上丝绸之路沿线国家分布较多;从分布密度看,东南亚地区是投资悖论国家分布的集中区。（2）从时间视角看,高风险高投资在时间上具有延续性,6年间有13个国家出现两次以上的投资悖论现象。按投资悖论出现的频次,将“一带一路”沿线国家分为高频国家、中频国家和低频国家。（3）从形成机理看,地缘区位、能源资源、地缘政治、地缘经济和人文社会这五个因素分别从不同的方面作用于投资悖论的产生。     

中国对“一带一路”沿线国家出口增长的边际特征时空变化

基于CEPII BACI数据库提供的1995~2015年HS-92-6位数国际贸易数据,利用H-K三元边际框架分析了中国对“一带一路”沿线国家各类产品出口增长的边际特征。研究结果表明：① 中国对“一带一路”沿线国家出口各类产品的种类扩张主要发生于1995~2001年与2001~2008年两个时段;② 在后金融危机时段,中国对“一带一路”沿线国家各类产品出口增长模式主要表现为数量扩张为主,价格扩张为辅,而出口产品的种类扩张则不明显;③ 区域性视角下的数量扩张更显著,而国别性视角下的种类扩张与价格扩张更显著; ④ 动态演进上,无论从区域视角还是从国别视角来看,不同产品部门的边际特征均呈现出较大的差异,中国出口价格边际极化现象较为显著。总体而言,中国对“一带一路”沿线国家产品出口的增长模式在国别层面与区域层面表现出较大的异质性,不同种类产品具有不同的出口增长模式,同一种类产品在不同时段也呈现出不同的出口增长模式。此外,我们发现考察期内中国对“一带一路”沿线国家出口增长模式正在发生显著变化,其中出口的广度增长效应正逐渐被数量增长与价格增长效应所取代。     

“一带一路”沿线国家政治-经济-社会风险综合评估及防控

开展“一带一路”沿线国家的风险评估对“五通”目标的实现和“走出去”战略具有重要意义。基于政治、经济和社会三个维度18个指标构建评价体系,对“一带一路”沿线74个国家的综合风险进行评估和排序,运用空间自相关、冷热点分析等剖析了2001—2016年不同风险的时空演变特征,并提出风险防控建议。结果表明：① 2001—2016年,“一带一路”沿线国家综合风险整体呈下降趋势,政治风险变化幅度较小,经济风险经历了“下降-上升-再下降-再上升”的演变过程,社会风险总体呈下降趋势,综合风险波动剧烈的国家主要集中在西亚、欧洲和东南亚;② 2001—2016年,“一带一路”沿线国家政治、经济、社会风险均存在显著的集聚性和区域差异性,高危险和较危险等级国家主要分布在北非、中亚、西亚、南亚和东南亚;③ 政治、经济和社会3个风险子系统存在较显著的相关性,政治风险高的国家往往伴随着较高的经济和社会风险;④ 中国对“一带一路”部分国家的投资存在投资量大与风险等级高并存的“投资悖论”现象。未来应从政府和企业两个层面共同努力,建立动态评级和预警机制,做好风险防控,逐步打造“一带一路”利益共同体、责任共同体和命运共同体。     

基于国际公路运输链的“一带一路”区域公路通达性分析

国际公路运输作为“一带一路”倡议之互联互通的重要部分,是沿线国家经贸往来的重要载体。本文基于国际公路运输链的角度,结合行车时间和通关耗时,从公路通行能力和通行便捷性两方面分析“一带一路”区域公路通达性。研究表明：① “一带一路”区域公路通行能力分布状况存在不平衡现象,中东欧、中国、印度形成“三极”,通行能力明显高于其他区域,中亚、西亚、东北亚等地区由于公路覆盖率低、缺少高等级公路成为通行能力薄弱区域。② 受累积空间距离、跨境通关时间、公路网的完善程度以及政治局势等因素影响,“一带一路”区域通行便捷性在空间分布上大致呈现“中东欧-中国”双峰结构;区域之间乃至区域内部国家间通行便捷性差异显著,从高通行便捷性到低通行便捷性,通达时间由公路行车时间主导过渡到通关累积时间主导,国家间的通关障碍在很大程度上降低了“一带一路”区域公路运输整体通达性水平。     

“一带一路”背景下中国国际航空网络的空间格局及演变

2013年“一带一路”倡议提出将设施联通作为合作战略重点之一,航空网络作为设施联通的重要组成部分,其地位提升到新的高度。为评估“一带一路”倡议的提出对中国国际航空网络的影响,论文选取了2013年和2018年数据,从国际航线、国际航班以及通航城市3个方面分析“一带一路”倡议提出以来中国国际航空网络的空间格局及其演变特征。研究结果表明：① 整体上来看,“一带一路”倡议并未从根本上改变中国国际航空网络的空间格局,仍以东亚、东南亚、美国以及俄罗斯等地区和国家为主,5 a来其变化主要集中在进一步加深与已有城市的联系;② 从沿线国家来看,一带一路”倡议增加了与中国直接通航的沿线国家数量,并提升了沿线国家在中国国际航空网络中的地位;③ 越来越多的境内城市参与到中国对外开放格局中,且航线和航班在北京、上海、广州的聚集程度下降,而其他城市的航线和航班占比逐渐增加。     

“一带一路”建设背景下中国区域空间响应差异及形成机制

运用媒体报道的国家间合作事件大数据,构建国内区域参与“一带一路”建设的响应指数模型、合作流量模型和影响因素回归模型,分析中国国内区域主动与沿线国家开展合作的空间异质性,定量刻画合作流量（空间交互）的格局特征,并剖析响应差异形成的影响因素。研究发现：①2010—2019年响应指数变化呈现出普遍较快增长的态势。省域单元响应指数的空间差异较小,而市域单元响应指数的空间差异大,反映出明显的大尺度均衡化、小尺度集聚化的尺度效应。②国内区域与沿线国家的首位合作流量呈现地理临近性特征,东部沿海省份与东南亚、西亚及中东合作联系密切,而边境省份则具有较明显的边境贸易特征。合作流量网络的区位依赖特性突出,流量网络结构不断复杂,小流量流线始终占据多数,大流量、长距离流线数量逐年增加,辐射范围显著扩大。③经济规模、对外投资水平、开放程度以及陆路交通可达性,对国内区域响应“一带一路”建设具有明显的积极推动作用,国家政策的区域效应逐渐体现。     

Characteristics of Agricultural and Livestock Products Trade Flows between China and the “Belt and Road” Initiative Region: From the Perspective of Biocapacity

In the context of global ecological overload, international trade has become one of the most important ways to make up for the ecological deficit. This study takes the “Belt and Road” Initiative as the study area to analyze the biocapacity and ecological footprint characteristics between China and other countries along the “Belt and Road” Initiative. Trade flow characteristics were explored from the perspective of biocapacity. The import and export of virtual land was used to assess the effect of trade on compensating for the resource gaps in crop and grazing land. The main results show that: 1) In 2005-2014, the majority of “Belt and Road” countries were experiencing increasing degrees of overload. In China, cropland takes up the largest proportion of biocapacity, while the ecological footprint is dominated by the carbon footprint. 2) The trade flow of agricultural and livestock products in the mainland of China shows a trend of increasing imports and decreasing exports, which increases dependence on specific regions. 3) In 2005-2014, China’s trade in cereals and oil crops along the “Belt and Road” Initiative were generally net imports, and the share of cereals traded along the “Belt and Road” Initiative is increasing gradually, but that of oil crops decreased rapidly. 4) The import trade has alleviated ecological deficit, as the selected products compensated for 1.03 times of the cropland deficit and 0.65 times of the grazing land deficit in China. This study is helpful to understand the relationship between the land use and trade deeply, and provide decision-making references for reducing ecological deficits, optimizing land resource allocation, and promoting win-win cooperation among China and other countries in the “Belt and Road” Initiative.     

“一带一路”技术贸易格局演化研究

论文利用2001—2015年国家(地区)间的知识产权贸易额,通过构建全球和“一带一路”技术贸易网络,从技术供给和技术销售层面刻画了“一带一路”技术贸易格局及其动态变化过程,研究发现：① 在“一带一路”内部技术贸易网络中,内部技术进口格局由独联体、中东欧地区主导向东亚地区主导转变,内部技术出口格局由西亚地区“一极主导”向东盟-西亚-东亚“三极主导”格局转变,“一带一路”在内部国家(地区)技术供给链中的地位非常低下,大量的技术需要从外部进口,但“一带一路”作为技术销售市场在内部国家(地区)技术销售链中的地位显著提升;② 在“一带一路”外部技术贸易网络中,外部技术进口格局由东盟向东亚更替,而外部技术出口格局始终由以新加坡为核心的东盟地区主导,“一带一路”在国际技术销售市场中的地位显著提升,但其在国际技术供给链中的地位十分低下;③ 从技术贸易类型上看,内流型国家(地区)占主导,大部分“一带一路”国家(地区)依赖内部技术贸易来实现技术互补,而高技术贸易额国家(地区)大多都为“两头在外”型,“一带一路”区域技术贸易网络尚未形成。     

“一带一路”商品贸易网络的社团结构及其经济收敛效应研究

采用社团检测方法探究“一带一路”沿线国家商品贸易网络社团动态演化特征,利用2003~2017年沿线各国面板数据,结合新古典增长理论构建β收敛模型,分析社团内部经济收敛状况,探讨贸易网络社团内部联系对缩小各国经济发展差异的效应。研究表明：“一带一路”商品贸易网络密度不断增强,形成跨区域联系的贸易合作体系;“一带一路”商品贸易网络社团演化较为稳定,2013年后东南亚-西亚社团国家数量突增;欧洲国家内部联系紧密,形成区域性贸易合作体系,仍为“一带一路”贸易网络的弱影响区;国家之间的贸易联系对缩小各国的经济发展水平有明显的促进作用;全时段内,沿线各国经济增长呈现出明显的收敛趋势;世界金融危机有利于加快社团内部收敛速度,推动区域一体化进程。社团内部收敛速度显著高于整体贸易网络收敛速度,以中国为核心的东南亚-西亚社团在三个时段内均呈现出收敛趋势。     

“一带一路”地区滑坡灾害风险评估

"一带一路"倡议是中国参与全球治理的重要切入点,对"一带一路"地区滑坡灾害风险评估与区划,可为沿线国家和地区的防灾减灾提供依据。首先,选取坡度和地形起伏度两个指标,提取研究区滑坡灾害安全区域。其次,采用模糊层次分析法（FAHP）确定滑坡灾害风险评估体系并计算各因子综合权重,基于滑坡灾害风险评估模型定量评估"一带一路"地区滑坡灾害危险性、损失和风险。最后,运用滑坡灾害点和近百年"一带一路"地区滑坡灾害致死人数和经济损失空间分布分别验证评估的滑坡灾害危险性和损失。结果表明：（1）滑坡灾害安全区域主要分布在平原、盆地和沙漠等地区,仅有4.7%（56个）的滑坡灾害点分布在安全区域内,提取结果较为合理。（2）"一带一路"地区容易诱发滑坡灾害的条件为坡度介于25°~45°之间,地形起伏度大于900 m,距河网的距离小于500 m,多年平均降雨量介于400~800 mm,地震密度3×10^-4~2×10^-3个·km^-2之间,工程地质岩组为中等硬质岩体、软质岩和土质岩体。非安全区域中,滑坡灾害以中、低危险性为主,危险性评估结果精度AUC值为0.823。（3）"一带一路"地区容易造成潜在损失的滑坡灾害承灾体条件为：人口密度为80~160人·km^-2,公路线密度为0.2~0.9 km·km^-2,夜间灯光指数为20~60。非安全区域中,滑坡灾害潜在损失普遍较低,损失区划结果与近百年滑坡灾害致死人数和经济损失空间分布具有很好的一致性。（4）"一带一路"非安全区域,滑坡灾害极低、低、中等、高和极高风险区面积所占比例分别为44.7%、25.5%、15.3%、10.3%、4.2%,以极低和低风险为主。     

Population,urbanization and economic scenarios over the Belt and Road region under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways

The countries throughout the Belt and Road region account for more than 60% of the world's population and half of the global economy. Future changes in this area will have significant influences on the global economic growth, industrial structure and resource allocation. In this study, the proportion of the urban population to the total population and the gross domestic product were used to represent the levels of urbanization and economic development, respectively. The population, urbanization and economic levels of the Belt and Road countries for 2020–2050 were projected under the framework of the IPCC's shared socioeconomic pathways(SSPs), and the following conclusions are drawn.(1) The population, urbanization and economic levels in the Belt and Road region will likely increase under all five pathways. The population will increase by 2%–8%/10 a during 2020–2050 and reach 5.0–6.0 billion in 2050. Meanwhile, the urbanization rate will increase by 1.4%–7.5%/10 a and reach 49%–75%. The GDP will increase by 17%–34%/10 a and reach 134–243 trillion USD.(2) Large differences will appear under different scenarios. The SSP1 and SSP5 pathways demonstrate relatively high urbanization and economic levels, but the population size is comparatively smaller; SSP3 shows the opposite trend. Meanwhile, the economy develops slowly under SSP4, but it has a relatively high urbanization level, while SSP2 exhibits an intermediate trend.(3) In 2050, the population will increase relative to 2016 in most countries, and population size in the fastest growing country in Central Asia and the Middle East countries will be more than double. Urbanization will develop rapidly in South Asia, West Asia and Central Asia, and will increase by more than 150% in the fastest growing countries. The economy will grow fastest in South Asia, Southeast Asia and West Asia, and increase by more than 10 times in some counties with rapid economic development.     

“一带一路”倡议提出以来中国国内外产业园区的比较与案例分析（英文）

With rapid globalization, industrial parks are playing an increasingly important role in the national and regional development. Since the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI) was put forward, national-level overseas industrial parks of China have emerged with new development features and trends. It is of great importance to carry out a comparative study on domestic and overseas industrial parks of China. Based on the perspective of spatiotemporal evolution, this paper compares and analyzes national-level overseas industrial parks along the Belt and Road(BR) and domestic industrial parks of China. In time, China's industrial parks have experienced four stages with distinctive state-led characteristic. There are different development paths and modes for overseas industrial parks along the BR and domestic industrial parks. In space, the national-level overseas industrial parks are invested and constructed by Chinese enterprises(mostly from the coastal developed cities), and mainly distributed in the countries along the BR. Through typical cases comparison of Thai-Chinese Rayong Industrial Zone and Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area, the paper finds that national-level overseas industrial parks are basically market-driven and concentrated in traditional advantageous industries, while domestic industrial parks are mainly government-led high-tech industries. Localization of overseas industrial parks and remote coupling with domestic industrial parks become very important.     

Spatio-temporal evolution of population and urbanization in the countries along the Belt and Road 1950–2050

This paper uses data for the period 1950–2050 compiled by the United Nations Population Division together with methods including spatial autocorrelation analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis and the standard deviational ellipse, to analyze the spatio-temporal evolution of population and urbanization in the 75 countries located along the routes of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-century Maritime Silk Road, to identify future population growth and urbanization hotspots. The results reveal the following: First, in 2015, the majority of Belt and Road countries in Europe, South Asia and Southeast Asia had high population densities, whereas most countries in Central Asia, North Africa and West Asia, as well as Russia and Mongolia, had low population densities; the majority of countries in South Asia, Southeast Asia, Central Asia, West Asia and North Africa had rapid population growth, whereas many countries in Europe had negative population growth; and five Belt and Road countries are in the initial stage of urbanization, 44 countries are in the acceleration stage of urbanization, and 26 are in the terminal stage of urbanization. Second, in the century from 1950 to 2050, the mean center of the study area’s population is consistently located in the border region between India and China. Prior to 2000, the trajectory of the mean center was from northwest to southeast, but from 2000 it is on a southward trajectory, as the population of the study area becomes more concentrated. Future population growth hotspots are predicted to be in South Asia, West Asia and Southeast Asia, and hotspot countries for the period 2015–2030 include India, China, Pakistan and Indonesia, though China will move into negative population growth after 2030. Third, the overall urban population of Belt and Road countries increased from 22% in 1950 to 49% in 2015, and it is expected to gradually catch up with the world average, reaching 64% in 2050. The different levels of urbanization in different countries display significant spatial dependency, and in the hundred-year period under consideration, this dependency increases before eventually weakening. Fourth, between 2015 and 2030, urban population hotspots will include Thailand, China, Laos and Albania, while Kuwait, Cyprus, Qatar and Estonia will be urban “coldspots.” Fifth, there were 293 cities with populations over 1 million located along the Belt and Road in 2015, but that number is expected to increase to 377 by 2030. Of those, 43 will be in China, with many of the others located in India, Indonesia and the eastern Mediterranean.     

历史视角下亚欧大陆海陆交通可达性空间格局演化

亚欧大陆是世界政治舞台的中心和“一带一路”倡议所覆盖的主要地区。相关研究多侧重共时性分析,较少关注其交通格局的长时段演化。因此本文选取古代、近代、现代和当代四个时期,对亚欧大陆海陆交通格局的演化进行初步分析,以进一步把握“一带一路”倡议的历史角色和战略部署。研究表明,各地区联通程度在整体上持续上升,可达性在全局呈均衡化趋势,而交通网络在局部则呈极化趋势,关键枢纽地位凸显,同时有重要战略意义的交通线对可达性和地缘格局影响强烈。因此在“一带一路”建设中,应从更长时间尺度认识其历史意义,坚持去中心化合作策略,充分利用和培育关键枢纽,并建设亚欧高速铁路等具有战略优势的干线。     

“一带一路”沿线汽车市场时空变化特征及影响因素研究:基于2005-2017年面板数据

“一带一路”沿线是中国品牌汽车主要出口市场,研究“一带一路”沿线区域汽车市场变化对中国品牌汽车深入实施国际化战略有重要意义。该文采用空间自相关、新兴时空热点分析、面板数据模型等方法分析2005—2017年“一带一路”沿线59个国家汽车市场时空变化特征及影响因素,研究发现：①“一带一路”沿线国家汽车消费市场整体增长较为缓慢,销量占全球汽车销量比重呈现下降趋势;②不同区域的汽车市场存在较大差异,南亚地区汽车产销规模大而且增长较快;③大部分国家汽车市场主要依赖进口,南亚及东南亚地区汽车市场潜力较大;④新兴时空热点分析方法识别出印度、俄罗斯、伊朗及印度尼西亚为连续热点、加强的热点、持续的热点等三种时空变化模式;⑤ 面板数据动态差分GMM模型表明“一带一路”沿线滞后一期汽车销量、人均GDP、服务业增加值、汽车产量、城镇人口等因素对汽车销量有促进作用。研究认为在中美经贸关系频繁波动背景下,中国汽车企业应该高度重视“一带一路”汽车市场的重要性,在不同区域因地制宜地采取差异化国际化策略;根据“一带一路”汽车市场具有惯性效应这一特点,中国汽车企业可侧重印度、俄罗斯、伊朗、印度尼西亚等已有汽车市场规模较大的国家深入推进国际化战略。