南海北部琼东南盆地岩石热物性特征

岩石热物性是盆地模拟和预测深部温度时不可或缺的参数。琼东南盆地是当前我国海洋油气资源勘探开发的重点区 块,揭示该盆地的热状态和烃源岩热演化历史均离不开真实可靠的岩石热物性参数。前人虽然对南海北部地区的岩石热物 性开展过相关研究,仍存在实测数据偏少、代表性不足和相互矛盾等问题,亟需新增一批新的实测数据来弥补该区基础地 热参数的不足。文章对采自琼东南盆地19口钻孔的32块岩心样品开展了热导率、生热率以及密度和孔隙度等物性参数测 试,揭示了它们的空间展布特征、相互关系及其主控因素,建立了琼东南盆地新生界地层平均热导率和生热率,据此估算 出盆地沉积物的放射性生热贡献约占地表热流的33%。这些实测的岩石热物性参数为南海北部海域沉积盆地的盆地模拟和 地热相关研究提供了坚实的基础数据。     

南海北部琼东南盆地岩石热物性特征

岩石热物性是盆地模拟和预测深部温度时不可或缺的参数。琼东南盆地是当前我国海洋油气资源勘探开发的重点区 块，揭示该盆地的热状态和烃源岩热演化历史均离不开真实可靠的岩石热物性参数。前人虽然对南海北部地区的岩石热物 性开展过相关研究，仍存在实测数据偏少、代表性不足和相互矛盾等问题，亟需新增一批新的实测数据来弥补该区基础地 热参数的不足。文章对采自琼东南盆地19口钻孔的32块岩心样品开展了热导率、生热率以及密度和孔隙度等物性参数测 试，揭示了它们的空间展布特征、相互关系及其主控因素，建立了琼东南盆地新生界地层平均热导率和生热率，据此估算 出盆地沉积物的放射性生热贡献约占地表热流的33%。这些实测的岩石热物性参数为南海北部海域沉积盆地的盆地模拟和 地热相关研究提供了坚实的基础数据。     

南海北部琼东南盆地第四系陆架边缘轨迹迁移及深水沉积模式

陆架边缘迁移轨迹综合受控于构造、物源、海平面和气候等多种因素,其迁移演化与深水沉积体系发育关系密切。陆架边缘迁移规律及沉积物输送体制与深水砂体预测是当前国际地学领域的热点议题。本文通过基于琼东南盆地新采集的高精度地震资料,定量表征了第四系陆架边缘轨迹,识别了低角度缓慢上升型、中等角度上升型和高角度急剧上升型等3类陆架边缘轨迹类型。2.4 Ma以来,陆架边缘轨迹时空演化可分为3个阶段且具有侧向差异性:2.4~1.9 Ma以低角度缓慢上升型为主,1.9~0.8 Ma西北部以低角度缓慢上升型为主,东北部则以中等角度上升型为主,0.8 Ma至今西北部以中等角度上升型为主,东北部以高角度急剧上升型为主。琼东南盆地第四系陆架边缘迁移轨迹研究表明:当陆架边缘轨迹角0°<α<4°时,陆坡区峡谷规模较小且下切浅,深海平原区发育多期大型海底扇沉积,块体搬运沉积(MTDs)较少;当4°<α<35°时,陆坡区峡谷规模有所增加,深海平原区海底扇沉积与块体搬运沉积均有出现;当35°<α<90°时,陆坡区峡谷发育较少但下切深,深水平原区沉积以大型块体搬运沉积为主,海底扇几乎不发育。琼东南盆地更新世以来气温不断下降,以及东亚冬季风的显著增强,物源供给增强加之海平面的下降进而导致了西北部陆架边缘表现为进积特征;研究区东北部的断裂活动频繁以及物源供给弱,导致了研究区东北部陆坡推进距离远远小于研究区西北部且发育多期次块体搬运沉积物。以上认识对南海北部陆架边缘体系及深水扇预测具有一定的理论意义。     

南海北部大陆架莺琼盆地新生代海平面变化

南海北部大陆架莺琼盆地是建立西太平洋新生代海平面变化的关键地区之一。基于有孔虫和钙质超微化石资料所建立的莺歌海盆地和琼东南盆地新生代相对分辨率较高的年代地层格架,通过南海海域表层建立的浮游有孔虫含量与水深的定量关系,辅以古生态、成因相及特征沉积构造分析和反射地震剖面的海岸上超分析,编制了海平面变化曲线。识别出包含三个完整二级海平面变化旋回和半周期的海平面上升旋回。海平面变化幅度在0～200 m之间。海水最深的时期在早中新世晚期至中中新世早期以及上新世早期,与Haq曲线较为吻合。     

粤东北仁差盆地早侏罗世花岗岩基底LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

钻探勘查揭露表明,粤东北仁差盆地基底主要由古生代变质岩和文象花岗岩组成。为进一步查明其基底岩体形成的时代,提高对该地区地质演化的认识,对盆地内2个勘查钻孔内的文象花岗岩岩心取样,进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素定年,测得谐和年龄为179±1Ma和186Ma。此结果表明,仁差盆地基底文象花岗岩的形成时代为早侏罗世晚期,即其为燕山期第一幕岩浆活动的产物。此年龄不仅加深了对仁差盆地形成演化的认识,也为粤东北地区早侏罗世时期缺乏岩浆岩活动的报道提供了新的年代学资料。     

南海北部古近纪沉积物碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄及物源演化

长期以来,由于地质资料的限制,有关南海早期裂陷过程中的沉积演化问题一直缺乏相对深入的认识与了解.采用碎屑锆石U-Pb定年方法,对南海北部古近纪沉积物进行"源-汇"对比分析.结果表明,该时期南海北部不仅接受来自北部河流搬运的陆源碎屑物质,同时还受到盆地内部局部隆升区物源的影响.其中,始新世沉积物以下白垩统物源为主,至早渐新世,琼东南盆地接受了来自海南岛及西沙隆起带的沉积物,珠江口盆地珠一坳陷同时期的锆石磨圆度较高,年龄谱系同华南沿海地区一致,说明很可能接受了来自华南沿海地区的陆源物质;而处于盆地南侧的白云凹陷同时期存在自形程度极高的锆石,反映其物源极可能为盆地内近源的局部隆起区.到晚渐新世荔湾凹陷沉积物中开始出现较多元古代锆石,与其北部同时期沉积物明显不同,琼东南盆地N6井也开始出现较多元古代锆石,其物源可能与南海西侧隆起有关.资料显示,在古近纪,现代意义上的珠江并未形成,其在早渐新世仅影响到珠一坳陷,到晚渐新世影响到珠二坳陷北侧.因此,珠江在古近纪具有从小到大逐步演化的特点.      

海拉尔盆地三期花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年龄及其意义

针对海拉尔盆地霍尔坡山岩体、阿浪托洛果伊岩体以及嵯岗岩体的花岗质岩石进行岩石学和锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学研究,以便精确限定盆地内花岗岩的形成时代及盆地与区域构造演化的关系。分别采自各岩体的3个花岗岩样品的锆石均呈半自形-自形柱状,显示典型的岩浆生长环带,Th/U比值为0.26~2.08,具有典型的岩浆成因特征。嵯岗岩体细粒钾长花岗岩中锆石的~(206)Pb/238 U加权平均年龄为226.2Ma±2.3Ma,表明其形成时代为晚三叠世,而不是前人确定的石炭世,霍尔坡山岩体钾长花岗岩和阿浪脱洛果依岩体的斜长花岗岩锆石的206Pb/238 U加权平均年分别为155.8 Ma±1.8 Ma和131.5 Ma±1.8 Ma,代表两个岩体的形成时代分别为晚侏罗世和早白垩世,并非同属晚侏罗世。综合分析:嵯岗岩体钾长花岗岩的形成可能为古亚洲洋闭合后伸展作用的产物;霍尔坡山岩体钾长花岗岩的形成应与蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋造山后伸展作用有关;阿浪脱洛果依岩体的斜长花岗岩形成于板内裂谷环境,其形成与蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋的演化密切相关。     

华北克拉通南缘方城县吴沟花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄报道

1 研究目的(Objective) 前人对华北克拉通南缘燕山期花岗岩的研究主要集中于鲁山以西地区,且重点关注对象为岩基、面积较大的岩株以及与成矿作用相关中—酸性小岩体.鲁山以东地区也广泛出露燕山期花岗岩,但其岩石成因研究成果报道较少,特别是那些"不具成矿效应"的花岗岩小岩体.吴沟花岗岩位于华北克拉通南缘(图1a),北东...     

新疆北部萨吾尔山花岗岩的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄及地质意义

在1:5万区域地质调查工作中,对新疆北部萨吾尔山主脊花岗闪长岩采用激光ICP-MS技术进行锆石U-Pb年龄的测定,结果表明,岩浆侵住结晶年龄为(320±2)Ma,时代相当于晚石炭世;其中有(342±3)Ma、(354±2)Ma的捕获锆石.岩体岩石学、岩石化学、地球化学特征表明萨吾尔山花岗岩具岩浆混合作用特征,其形成可能与古亚洲洋闭合造山后的岩石圈伸展体制有关,即形成于后碰撞阶段的挤压-伸展转变期.     

The tectonic evolution of the Qiongdongnan Basin in the northern margin of the South China Sea

Qiongdongnan Basin is a Cenozoic rift basin located on the northern passive continental margin of the South China Sea. Due to a lack of geologic observations, its evolution was not clear in the past. However, recently acquired 2-D seismic reflection data provide an opportunity to investigate its tectonic evolution. It shows that the Qiongdongnan Basin comprises a main rift zone which is 50–100 km wide and more than 400 km long. The main rift zone is arcuate in map view and its orientation changes from ENE–WSW in the west to nearly E–W in the east. It can be divided into three major segments. The generally linear fault trace shown by many border faults in map view implies that the eastern and middle segments were controlled by faults reactivated from NE to ENE trending and nearly E–W trending pre-existing fabrics, respectively. The western segment was controlled by a left-lateral strike-slip fault. The fault patterns shown by the central and eastern segments indicate that the extension direction for the opening of the rift basin was dominantly NW–SE. A semi-quantitative analysis of the fault cut-offs identifies three stages of rifting evolution: (1) 40.4–33.9 Ma, sparsely distributed NE-trending faults formed mainly in the western and the central part of the study area; (2) 33.9–28.4 Ma, the main rift zone formed and the area influenced by faulting was extended into the eastern part of the study area and (3) 28.4–20.4 Ma, the subsidence area was further enlarged but mainly extended into the flanking area of the main rift zone. In addition, Estimates of extensional strain along NW–SE-trending seismic profiles, which cross the main rift zone, vary between 15 and 39 km, which are generally comparable to the sinistral displacement on the Red River Fault Zone offshore, implying that this fault zone, in terms of sinistral motion, terminated at a location near the southern end of the Yinggehai Basin. Finally, these observations let us to favour a hybrid model for the opening of the South China Sea and probably the Qiongdongnan Basin.     

Postrift Rapid Subsidence Characters in Qiongdongnan Basin,South China Sea

In this article,the backstripping technique was used in studying the subsidence charac-ters of the Qiongdongnan(琼东南) basin(QDNB) in order to understand its dynamic mechanism of formation and evolution.Meanwhile,the geothermal characteristics of this area were summarized,and the stretching factors(β) of the upper crust,the whole crust,and the whole lithosphere were calculated.The QDNB is characterized by high subsidence rate,high geothermal gradient,high geothermal heat flow,and the lithosphere stretching an...     

华北板块北缘勃隆克A型花岗岩锆石U-Pb定年及其地质意义

内蒙古翁牛特旗勃隆克岩体位于华北板块北缘,侵位于上侏罗系火山岩地层中。详细的岩相学研究显示,勃隆克花岗岩具有粒状结构、蠕虫结构和文像结构,块状构造,部分斜长石已绢云母化、泥化。对勃隆克花岗岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,获得134.0±1.8Ma和134.9±4.1Ma的侵位年龄,表明其形成于早白垩世。地球化学特征显示,花岗岩属于高钾钙碱性系列,有较高的SO2（74.1%~75.6%）、Na2O+K2O（8.98%~9.2%）、Rb（210×10-6~225×10-6）含量和10000×Ga/Al（2.69~2.80）、Rb/Sr（5.8~18.9）值,具有较低的CaO、MgO、Ba和Sr含量。铝饱和指数A/CNK=0.99~1.03,属于偏铝质或过铝质A型花岗岩。稀土元素球粒陨石标准化图解显示,轻稀土元素相对富集,负Eu异常明显;在原始地幔标准化图解上,Ba、Sr、Nb、Ta、P、T强烈亏损,富集Rb、Th、K、Hf等元素,与华北板块北缘早白垩世A型花岗岩类似。结合区域构造演化,认为勃隆克花岗岩形成于伸展构造背景。晚中生代,华北板块北缘构造体制经历了重大的转变,地壳从挤压体制转为岩石圈减薄和地壳伸展体制,软流圈物质上涌导致上覆地壳长英质物质的部分熔融形成勃隆克A型花岗岩。     

湘东南黄沙坪花岗岩LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb定年及岩石地球化学特征

湘东南花岗岩带位于南岭花岗岩带中段,包含以千里山、骑田岭等为代表的花岗岩类和以水口山、铜山岭及宝山为代表的花岗闪长岩类。黄沙坪花岗岩体与前者相邻产出,在岩石地球化学上也具有相类似的特征,其主量元素表现为高硅、高钾、高K2O／Na2O比值,低磷,微量元素以富集Rb、Th、U、K、Ta、Nb,贫Ba、Sr、P、Eu、Ti为特征,具有明显的Eu负异常。利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb原位定年方法,测得黄沙坪花岗岩的年龄为161．6±1．1Ma,也与区内千里山(162．55±3．25Ma)、骑田岭(161±2Ma)等花岗岩岩体的年龄基本一致,代表了湘东南乃至南岭地区燕山期花岗岩的主要形成时期。因此本文认为,黄沙坪花岗岩体与千里山、骑田岭等岩体属于同一类型,岩石成因可能与印支造山运动后的岩石圈伸展有关,形成于地壳物质的部分熔融;而与水口山、铜山岭和宝山等花岗闪长质岩体有较明显差异。     

新疆尼勒克南部地区花岗斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄

对巴斯陶萨依、莫斯早特套花岗斑岩地质、地球化学特点,锆石的特征进行了详细的研究和单颗粒锆石U-Pb同位素年龄测定.获得巴斯陶萨依岩浆结晶锆石U-Pb同位素年龄为241.3±3.6 Ma,以及继承性锆石U-Pb同位素年龄为292.3±5.6 Ma.综合各方面因素认为这两个岩体侵位时代为早三叠世(印支早期).     

Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating and Sr-Nd isotope study of the Guposhan granite complex, Guangxi, China

Zircon U-Pb dating by the LA-ICP-MS method was applied to determining the ages of different units of the Guposhan granite complex, among which the East Guposhan unit is 160.8±1.6 Ma, the West Guposhan unit is 165.0±1.9 Ma, and the Lisong unit is 163.0±1.3 Ma in age. Much similarity in ages of the three units has thus proved that the whole Guposhan granite complex was formed in the same period of time. They were the products of large-scale granitic magmatism through crust-remelting in the first stage of the Middle Yanshanian in South China. However, the three units have differences both in petrology and in geochemistry. Besides the differences in major, trace and rare-earth elements, they are distinct in their Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd isotopic compositions. The East Guposhan unit and Lisong unit and its enclaves have a similar (87Sr/86Sr)i value of 0.7064 with an average of εNd(t)=-3.03, indicating that more mantle material was evolved in the magma derivation; whereas the West Guposhan unit has a higher (87Sr/86Sr)i value of 0.7173 but a lower εNd(t) value of -5.00, and is characterized by strong negative Eu anomalies and higher Rb/Sr ratios, suggesting that its source materials were composed of relatively old crust components and new mantle-derived components. In addition, an inherited zircon grain in the East Guposhan unit (GP-1) yielded a 206Pb/238U age of 806.4 Ma, which is similar to the ages of the Jiulin cordierite granite in northern Jiangxi and of the Yinqiao migmatic granite in Guangxi in the HZH granite zone. All this may provide new evidence for Late Proterozoic magmatism in the HZH granite zone.     

东昆仑阿牙克库木湖北巴什尔希花岗岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年及其地质意义

巴什尔希岩体分布在东昆仑西段白干湖断裂和阿尔金断裂之间,岩性主要为二长花岗岩和钾长花岗岩,其中二长花岗岩与白干湖钨、锡多金属矿床关系密切。对锆石内部结构、阴极发光图像特征和Th/U比值的研究表明,二长花岗岩中的锆石为岩浆锆石。锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb同位素分析结果显示,二长花岗岩形成年龄为(458.0±9.0)Ma。结合前人对巴什尔希钾长花岗岩的锆石U-Pb定年(432.3±0.8)Ma,初步认为该岩体为晚奥陶世—早志留世侵入体。元素地球化学特征显示,巴什尔希花岗岩为弱准铝质或弱过铝质A型花岗岩,是东昆仑地区加里东期局部弧后盆地拉张过程中,地幔底侵导致地壳物质熔融的产物。     

西昆仑康西瓦北侧蒙古包-普守一带早古生代花岗岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb测年

依据1∶25万康西瓦幅区域地质调查成果,重点对西昆仑康西瓦北侧蒙古包-普守一带早古生代花岗岩的岩石学、岩石地球化学及同位素年代学进行了综合研究.岩石学和地球化学特征表明,该花岗岩为高钾钙碱性花岗岩类,锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为443.1 Ma±2.3 Ma和430.7 Ma±2.6 Ma,形成时代为晚奥陶世-早志留世.该成果的获得,为进一步系统地研究蒙古包-普守早古生代蛇绿混杂岩带及与其配套的早古生代花岗岩提供了直接的时代证据,为进一步深入地研究西昆仑造山带的地质构造演化提供了新的实际资料.     

四川盆地威远地区基底花岗岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年及其地质意义

四川盆地内仅有5口井钻穿沉积盖层进入基底,而对基底形成时代与发育构造环境的研究较为薄弱。四川盆地威远地区威117井基底取心资料说明基底由花岗岩类组成,花岗岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb精确定年结果表明其结晶年龄为794±11 Ma,属于新元古代,该年龄与盆地周缘的花岗岩体结晶年龄具有一致性。结合地球化学特征与岩浆成因类型分析,表明该花岗岩体形成于由挤压向伸展环境的转化阶段,即板块俯冲造山运动结束后向陆内大陆裂谷转化阶段的产物,属于Rodinia超级大陆初始裂解阶段。综合分析认为800 Ma左右是四川盆地具有意义的重要地质时期,是盆地基底形成、构造运动性质发生重要转变的主要时期,越过该时期四川盆地处于大陆裂谷伸展构造环境。     

Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating of the Neogene coral reefs,Xisha Islands,South China Sea: implications for tectonic evolution

The Xisha Block is a minor one in the South China Sea and an important tectonic unit in the northwestern part of the region. Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb ages for three volcanic intrusive core samples from Xike-1, an exploratory well penetrating the bioherms of the Xisha Islands. The core samples are from the Miocene reef carbonate bedrock and are recognized as dark-gray biotite-hornblende gabbro, gray fine-grained biotite diorite, and gray fine-grained granite, respectively. Zircon cathodoluminescence (CL) images and trace Th, U and Pb compositions of the zircons show that these rocks are of volcanic intrusive origin. Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating yielded six groups of ages, ranging from 2451-1857 Ma to early Cretaceous, which indicate that the formation and evolution of the Xisha Block was affected by the evolution and closure of Neotethys Ocean, probably within its eastern extension into South China Sea. Both old, deep-sourced material, including fragments from Rodina supercontinent, and recent mantle-derived magma products contributed to the emergence and formation of the Xisha block. The SHRIMP U-Pb results also proved that this process differed from that of the Kontum massif, the Hainan Block, and the South China Block, but is similar to that of the Nansha and Zhongsha blocks. The process was associated with the effects of Yanshanian magmatism induced by subduction mechanisms of the Paleo-Pacific Plate or the reworking of the multiple magmatisms since the Early to mid-Yanshanian, possibly jointly experienced by the Xisha-Zhongsha-Nansha Block.