民和盆地砂岩型铀矿成矿条件分析

民和盆地铀矿地质工作程度较低，前人在盆地边缘已发现了一些砂岩型铀矿化和大批航测铀异常，显示了一定的找矿前景，本文以区域地质背景为基础，通过对高精度航磁、航空放射性（简称“航波”）和布格重力资料进行解释，结合对盆地水动力，岩相古地理与古气候的分析，对盆地砂岩型铀矿成矿条件进行了综合研究，并指出了成矿的有利区段。     

含铀古河谷形成的地史前提

为了预测评价古河谷的含铀性，必须不断完善找矿准则，在这方面有希望的途径之一是在分析预先古河谷展布的地史成因的基础上，查明和总结矿古河谷形成的主要因素，由于中代或最新的构造活化，由酸性岩浆岩组成的巨型隆起和缩隆构造的抬升是含矿古河谷形成的主要前提，古河谷成矿的另一个重要因素是发生在穹形断块活化之前的构造宁静，地形准平原经和形成化壳的时期，古河谷成矿与主岩沉积在时间上十分接近，控矿的后生氧化作用是层间－潜水性质的，成矿结束后要有必要的保矿条件。     

内蒙古喇叭地铀矿点成矿特征及成矿类型讨论

简叙了内蒙古自治区赤峰市克什克腾旗广兴源东部喇叭地铀矿点成矿地质背景。从矿源、汇矿和储矿等成矿条件出发,结合该铀矿点成矿围岩、蚀变特征及铀成矿谱系的讨论,认为喇叭地铀矿点成矿类型属火山-古河谷相关型。以区域地质背景和地质条件分析为依据,认为西拉木伦河流域发育的玄武岩盖下或玄武岩韵律层间的古河谷是区域铀矿找矿方向之一,是一个除火山岩型之外的火山-古河谷砂岩型铀矿的重要找矿靶区。     

砂岩型铀矿勘查中航放、航磁信息开发研究

本文以伊犁盆地南缘5个砂岩型铀矿床为研究对象，通过对已知铀矿床航放、航磁特征的研究，强调航放下测铀宽道Udw、上测铀窄道Uu、上测铀宽道Uuw和下测铀窄道Ud4种参数异常是砂岩型铀矿的直接指示标志；对航放信息相关性分析进行了探讨，认为航放相关性分析不适合层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿的预测，相关性分析圈定的Th、K元素负相关区带为古河道砂岩型铀矿床产出的有利部位；对弱磁异常进行了研究提取，首次提出用弱磁分布范围来圈定盖层氧化区（带）的观点；建立航放、航磁计算机预测模型，对整个盆地进行了砂岩型铀矿成矿预测，圈定远景区14片，便于进一步开展地面物探工作，继续扩大伊犁盆地的找矿成果。认为航放、航磁在可地浸砂岩型铀矿勘查中仍能发挥重要作用。     

长江三角洲南部平原古河谷充填沉积物特征及古地理意义

利用典型钻孔P5孔沉积物的岩性、测年、孢粉和有孔虫的分析结果，探讨了末次冰消期以来长江三角洲东南部古河谷区记录的气候波动和海平面阶段性上升过程及其控制下的古河谷沉积模式。研究发现本区古河谷末次冰消期（15～10 ka BP）以淡水湖沼相沉积为主，4 m厚的泥炭可能是新仙女木事件的反映。10～9 ka BP 发育滨海相粉细砂、粉砂沉积，反映此时海平面较为稳定。9～8 ka BP发育溺谷相泥质粉砂、粉砂质泥沉积，厚达11 m，反映海平面快速上升作用下的高速率充填。至全新世大暖期，古河谷区沉积顶界已和长江三角洲平原的第一硬土层埋深大致相同，反映古河谷已基本被填平。     

青海祁漫塔格地区航磁异常特征及找矿前景

利用青海祁漫塔格地区1：5万高精度航磁资料,结合成矿地质背景、构造特征分析了该区航磁异常特征,并依据知矿（床）点的分布及成矿规律对祁漫塔格地区成矿带进行了划分,筛选了一批重点找矿异常,建立了以航磁异常信息为主的综合找矿标志,进而圈定了多个多金属找矿远景区段。对该区下一步矿产勘查部署提供重要依据,并为地面找矿工作提供重要的找矿线索。     

辽东翁泉沟硼矿外围硼矿资源潜力与找矿方向

辽宁省东部的翁泉沟硼矿是一个超大型硼矿床，B2O3矿物储量占全国总储量的1/4以上，利用1∶5万航磁、1∶20万区域化探和区域重力等资料，对翁泉沟硼矿周边地区硼矿资源潜力进行了分析研究，研究结果表明最新实测的1∶5万航磁异常与已知矿床（体）具有非常良好的对应关系。除已知矿床（体）的航磁异常外，在区域化探硼元素异常所指示的含硼岩系分布区还有一批航磁异常分布，而且这些航磁异常与剩余布格重力异常相互套合，说明这些异常是由强磁性、高密度地质体引起的。通过对航磁异常进行反演计算，结合研究区各类岩石物性资料，认为研究区硼矿找矿潜力巨大，具备发现新的大型以上硼矿床的条件。合理部署勘查工作，有望大幅提升该区硼矿资源量。开展硼矿找矿工作时要特别注意以往关注度不高的条痕状花岗岩出露区内航磁异常的硼矿找矿意义。     

湖南白马山-龙山东西向构造带金锑矿找矿前景分析

将白马山－龙山东西向构造带金（锑）矿床划分为微细粒浸染型金属床、破碎带蚀变岩型金锑矿床、石英脉型金矿床等三种类型，描述了矿床的主要地质特征，总结了微细粒浸染型（高家坳式）金矿床、破碎带蚀变岩型（龙山式）金锑矿床和石英脉型（古台山式）金矿床的找矿标志。认为该构造带金锑矿找矿应依托穹窿构造来开展，并提出进一步找矿的方向。     

上扬子东南缘民乐-古丈地区锰矿地质特征及找矿方向

湖南省民乐-古丈地区锰矿位于上扬子地块东南缘之武陵台陷的半局限浅海盆地中,为典型的海相沉积型锰矿床。区内主要有民乐和古丈2个锰矿产地,位于松桃成锰盆地的中东部,与贵州道坨锰矿、杨立掌锰矿处于同一断陷槽中,成矿地质条件较好,找矿潜力较大。通过对区内锰矿床（点）成矿地质特征、古构造、岩相古地理等综合分析,总结区域锰矿成矿规律和找矿方向,为上扬子地块东南缘南华系锰矿找矿突破提供依据。     

独山锑矿田控矿规律和找矿方向研究

通过独山锑矿外围锑金找矿评价研究的多次实践，着重探讨了构造－层位（岩性）－古地理三位一体的锑控矿规律．并提出了３个可望找矿远景区。     

二连盆地中部古河道砂岩型铀矿成矿特征

笔者通过对铀源、赛汉组上段沉积建造、构造演化等的分析认为,二连盆地中部具备古河道砂岩型铀矿成矿条件;古河道形态与规模、河道内沉积微相、潜水一层间氧化是铀矿床定位的“三要素”,其不同的组合方式构成了不同的古河道砂岩型铀矿成矿模式。据此,指出二连盆地中部具有较好的古河道找矿远景。     

Polygenetic and polychronic uranium mineralization at deposits of the Khiagda ore field,Buryatia

The unique combination of several exogenic processes augmenting uranium mineralization followed one another in time at deposits of the Khiagda ore field and gave rise to the formation of uranium resources exceptional for the paleovalley geologic and economic type. The specific geological evolution, volcanic activity, and regional climatic conditions taken together became the main cause of local occurrence of these deposits.     

古河道砂岩型铀矿成矿若干问题探讨

本文在综合分析国内、外古河道砂岩型铀矿床资料的基础上，着重探讨了矿化类型的划分、形成的区域地质背景、气候与地貌条件、基底与沉积盖层、古河谷与古河道、矿化产出特征、后生成矿作用等有关铀矿形成条件和成矿作用的问题，并指出了今后的找矿方面。     

An investigation of a Neogene Valley in the Ugra National Park

A paleovalley in the vicinity of the village of Aleksandrovka (Kaluga oblast) has been investigated within the framework of a geophysical survey by Moscow State University for 5 years. A local magnetic anomaly in the region of the paleovalley (a grid of 300 × 1000 m and a scale of 1: 2500) has been confirmed according to the results of electrical-resistivity tomography (ERT) and the spectral induced polarization (IP) method for a series of four profiles. IP measurements at several frequencies have permitted some additional conclusions about the nature of the anomaly. Based on the ERT 2D inversion and IP results, a clear correlation has been revealed between the magnetic anomalies and the high-frequency IP anomalies.     

下切古河谷高分辨率层序地层学研究的进展

基面抬升、溯源堆积、依次退积叠置是下游河段古河谷厚层连续沉积产生的关键。基于此点，对现有古河谷沉积模式和高分辨率层序地层学研究的若干问题作了讨论。     

Deposits of the Hiagda Uranium Ore Field,Buryatia: Formation Conditions and Ore Control Factors

The paper concerns the geological–structural conditions of ore localization, mineralogy and chemistry of ore, and geochemical features of the ore-bearing medium at exogenic–epigenetic paleovalley deposits of the Hiagda ore field. The general localization regularities and ore control factors of uranium mineralization can be used for mining, exploration, and refining the prospecting criteria and indications of this type of deposits.     

二连盆地川井坳陷构造演化对砂岩型铀矿成矿作用的约束

川井坳陷位于二连盆地西部,坳陷内目的层赛汉组上段发育辫状河、辫状河三角洲-湖沼沉积,砂体发育。受构造、构造演化影响,在坳陷东部发育晚白垩世苏海布龙剥蚀窗口,在坳陷西部白音查干地区发育古近纪剥蚀窗口,剥蚀窗口控制了后生含铀含氧流体向盆地内入渗参与成矿,找矿类型为赛汉期斜坡带型及古河谷型。东西二个剥蚀窗口的发现,对合理解释已发现的矿化异常、找矿预测模型的构建提供了基础。通过构建坳陷三位一体找矿预测模型,预测了苏海布龙、白音查干西及包龙凹陷东三个铀成矿远景区。     

Compound paleovalley fills in the Lower Pennsylvanian New River Formation, West Virginia, USA

Ancient paleovalley fills are typically interpreted in the rock record using over-generalized models without carefully considering modern analogs, especially in light of recent discoveries. It is now known that many Quaternary paleovalleys are compound in origin, exhibit considerable stratigraphic complexity, contain multiple incisions, and can be orders of magnitude larger than their putative ancient counterparts. Compound paleovalley fills in the Lower Pennsylvanian New River Formation (NRF) are directly comparable to these Quaternary analogs, stimulating a paradigm shift in the interpretation of ancient paleovalleys. In the NRF, multiple laterally- and vertically-juxtaposed fill successions, separated by incision surfaces, record high-frequency fluvial responses to external controls within lower-order sequences. Lowstand incision and sediment bypass, as predicted in sequence stratigraphy, is largely discounted by the available evidence and the definition of regional sequence boundaries is not straightforward. The identification of genetic sequences may be the most effective approach to understanding the NRF and, by inference, many other ancient paleovalleys. Results from this study of the NRF promote a revised model for ancient paleovalleys that incorporates: 1) the pre-eminence of compound architecture, 2) periodic episodes of incision and subaerial exposure occurring in response to high-frequency changes in climate or relative sea level, 3) fluvial downcutting as the primary cause of paleovalley incision, although some sediments are still preserved in a net-erosional regime, and 4) composite, time-transgressive sequence boundaries that may be difficult or impossible to correlate regionally.     

Rare earth and other rare elements in uranium ores of paleovalley deposits in the Vitim district: Distribution,occurrence, and applied implications

The degree of concentration and REE and Zr distribution and occurrence in uranium ore samples from paleovalley deposits are considered. Various types of REE distribution in ores with variable uranium content has been revealed: the negative type with predominance of LREE in ordinary ore and the V-shaped type with significant growth of Y, MREE, and HREE contents in high-grade ore. In addition, the relationship between U, on the one hand, and MREE, HREE, Y, and Zr, on the other hand, has been established. Predominant isomorphic incorporation of these elements into various uranium constituents is suggested. The conclusion was arrived at about the most probable gain of REE and Zr along with U on various geochemical barriers from postvolcanic thermal carbonated and sulfuric-acid aqueous solutions enriched in these chemical elements. The significant enrichment of uranium ore in REE confirms the real possibility of recovery of them as a by-product from working solutions in the process of in situ uranium leaching.     

古河道型砂岩铀矿床与古河谷型砂岩铀矿床语义辨析

本文通过对河道和河谷两个不同地貌单元特征的界定 ,澄清铀矿地质领域中对古河道型砂岩铀矿床与古河谷型砂岩铀矿床概念上的混淆。同时就河道与河谷对基准面变化的响应及充填序列特征作了探讨 ,为确定古河道在平面上的展布提供依据。