准噶尔盆地三叠系生源油藏的发现及其意义

首次在准噶尔盆地发现了来源于三叠系烃源岩的典型原油，其地球化学特征与以往发现的石炭系、二叠系和侏罗系烃源岩生成原油均不同。该原油全油碳同位素δ^13C值为-3l‰左右，与石炭系和侏罗系原油差异很大；生物标志物中富含重排甾烷、Ts、C29Ts及C30重排藿烷，而伽马蜡烷和β-胡萝卜烷含量低，与三叠系烃源岩抽提物中生物标志物的分布十分相似，而与二叠系和侏罗系明显不同。二叠系、三叠系和侏罗系烃源岩的地球化学特征对比分析研究表明，三叠系是仅次于二叠系的良好烃源岩，具有较高的生烃潜力，是该盆地中又一套重要的烃源岩层系。油源对比表明该原油来源于三叠系烃源岩。三叠系生源原油的发现对该盆地油气勘探具有十分重要的意义。     

准噶尔盆地南缘白垩系原油成藏特征

准噶尔盆地南缘地区的油气勘探与石油地质研究长期以来以二叠系和侏罗系含油气系统为主。本文在前人工作基础之上,从烃源岩、油源和油气运聚三方面,首次比较系统地剖析了本区的白垩系原油成藏特征。研究结果表明,白垩系烃源岩的生烃和油气聚集中心位于玛纳斯—呼图壁一带,烃源层系最大厚度可超过250 m,有机质类型以Ⅰ—Ⅱ1型为主,在古近纪末进入成熟排烃阶段,是本区不可忽视的一套重要烃源岩。白垩系原油纵向上主要聚集于古近系安集海河组到白垩系吐谷鲁群储层流体系统,可能存在三期油气运聚,第一期在早更新世晚期,以流体系统内部的白垩系原油运聚成藏为主,第二期是在中更新世晚期至晚更新世早期,白垩系原油,以及成熟度相对较低的古近系原油在此流体系统内部发生混合,第三期在晚更新世末期,以油气(并以侏罗系天然气为主)在垂向上沿断层的调整为特征,最终形成了复杂的多源、多层系油气分布态势。综合认为,需要充分重视白垩系原油在本区的勘探和研究。     

彩南油田:一个典型三元混合油田

准噶尔盆地东部地区存在石炭系、二叠系、三叠系和侏罗系四套烃源岩,具有形成混合原油的地质、地球化学条件.大量原油碳同位素、生物标志物组成特征等分析表明,该地区原油可划分成五种类型,其中四种类型的原油分别来源于二叠系、三叠系、侏罗系和石炭系.彩南油田原油属于特殊类型原油,其地球化学特征与其它类型原油均不相同,与该区域内四套烃源岩均没有明确的油源关系.根据原油碳同位素和生物标志物分布特征等结合生烃历史分析,该类原油属于二叠系、三叠系和侏罗系原油的混合原油,主要来源于阜康凹陷,彩南油田属于典型的三元混合原油构成的油田.     

彩南油田：一个典型三元混合油田

准噶尔盆地东部地区存在石炭系、二叠系、三叠系和侏罗系四套烃源岩，具有形成混合原油的地质、地球化学条件。大量原油碳同位素、生物标志物组成特征等分析表明，该地区原油可划分成五种类型，其中四种类型的原油分别来源于二叠系、三叠系、侏罗系和石炭系。彩南油田原油属于特殊类型原油，其地球化学特征与其它类型原油均不相同，与该区域内四套烃源岩均没有明确的油源关系。根据原油碳同位素和生物标志物分布特征等结合生烃历史分析，该类原油属于二叠系、三叠系和侏罗系原油的混合原油，主要来源于阜康凹陷，彩南油田属于典型的三元混合原油构成的油田。     

准噶尔盆地滴南-阜北斜坡区侏罗纪煤系成烃贡献

滴南凸起-阜北斜坡区位于准噶尔盆地中央隆起带东段, 发育多个继承性古隆起, 是捕获油气的有利场所.其周缘地区存在的多个生烃凹陷均发育有侏罗系泥岩和煤岩, 油源关系较为复杂.从生烃条件探讨了侏罗纪煤系对彩南油田以北至滴南凸起白垩系吐谷鲁群原油和彩南油田以西至阜北斜坡区侏罗系石树沟群原油的贡献.该区域侏罗系煤岩分布零散, 厚度最厚达30 m, 显微组分以惰质组为主, 与侏罗系泥岩相比煤的供烃能力相对较弱.同时通过油源对比以及与南缘煤成油生物标志化合物特征对比, 明确了研究区白垩系原油来源于二叠系泥岩, 侏罗系原油来自二叠系泥岩和侏罗系泥岩.      

叠合盆地多烃源层混源油定量判析——以准噶尔盆地东部彩南油田为例

准噶尔盆地东部地区彩南油田东块原油为二叠系、三叠系和侏罗系烃源岩形成的混合原油。选择典型的二叠系、三叠系、侏罗系原油进行人工三元混合配比模拟实验表明,混合原油的全油碳同位素δ~(13)C值的变化与混入量呈直线关系,而Pr/Ph值、β-胡萝卜烷、甾烷与萜烷等各种生物标志物相对比值参数均呈不同的曲线关系变化。通过人工混合配比实验创建的三角形图版判别验证,彩南油田原油中侏罗系的平均贡献为65％左右,二叠系和三叠系的平均贡献分别为20％和15％左右。按照彩南油田原油全油碳同位素以及各类生物标志物参数的变化范围判别,侏罗系烃源岩的贡献为55％～70％左右,三叠系和二叠系均为10％～30％左右。     

准南中段呼探1井烃源岩条件及油气源分析

近年来,准噶尔盆地下组合油气勘探不断获得新发现。2020年12月16日,位于呼西背斜的呼探1井清水河组获得高产油气流,实现了下组合油气勘探的重大突破,预示了下组合巨大的勘探潜力,但目前呼探1井的油气主要来源于哪套烃源岩以及是否存在混源等问题尚未明确。本研究通过对准噶尔盆地南缘中段下组合主要烃源岩的评价,结合生物标志物参数、油气C同位素、全烃气相色谱以及热模拟实验结果,明确了主力烃源岩生油气能力,认为呼探1井清水河组原油为侏罗系和二叠系烃源岩生成的混源油,其中重烃部分主要来自二叠系烃源岩,轻烃部分来自侏罗系烃源岩,天然气主要来自侏罗系烃源岩。同时,建立了侏罗系煤系烃源岩生气图版,结合图版分析认为呼探1井清水河组天然气与侏罗系煤岩关系最为密切, Ro大致分布在1.66%～1.85%。     

准噶尔盆地车排子隆起西南部原油地球化学特征及油源分析

车排子隆起毗邻昌吉凹陷和四棵树凹陷,油源丰富,构造条件良好,具备比较有利的油气聚集条件。近年来已在车排子隆起的侏罗系、白垩系、古近系和新近系获高产工业油气流。分析了车排子隆起西南部原油（或油砂抽提物）的地球化学特征,并对其油源作初步分析。结果表明研究区具有两类地球化学性质存在明显差别的原油。第一类原油遭受了不同程度的生物降解,并存在二次充注现象,推测早期充注原油来自昌吉凹陷二叠系,并遭受了不同程度的生物降解,后期混入了来自侏罗系烃源岩生成的原油。第二类原油具有侏罗系煤系烃源岩与白垩系湖相泥质烃源岩混源的特点,这类原油的碳同位素组成、正构烷烃分布特征和姥植比等均表现出煤成油的特征,但甾、萜烷烃类化合物组成与白垩系烃源岩接近,推测是由于侏罗系煤成油在向上运移成藏过程中,受到成熟度相对较低、生物标志物相对丰富的白垩系烃源岩的浸析作用所致。     

银额盆地吉格达凹陷原油地球化学特征及其意义

银额盆地石炭系—二叠系油源存在争议，在一定程度上制约了该区的油气勘探进程。通过对居延海坳陷吉格达凹陷蒙额参3井原油物理性质、地球化学特征的研究，以期明确原油的成因及来源，为油气勘探提供依据。研究结果表明，蒙额参3井华力西期侵入岩和二叠系白云质砂岩中的原油物理性质基本一致，为低密度低硫中质正常原油，原油族组成具有高饱和烃、低非烃和沥青质以及高饱芳比的特征，且下部原油饱芳比远高于上部原油。吉格达凹陷华力西期侵入岩与二叠系砂岩原油饱和烃气相色谱特征、C同位素及生物标志化合物特征共性与差异同在，指示生烃母质均来源于盐度较高的海相还原环境，以浮游植物为主；二叠系原油陆生高等植物的贡献较大。油源对比表明，蒙额参3井华力西期侵入岩和二叠系砂岩原油均与白垩系巴音戈壁组烃源岩生物标志化合物特征差异明显，与石炭系—二叠系烃源岩具有良好的亲缘关系。其中，二叠系原油与二叠系烃源岩具有较好亲缘关系，华力西期侵入岩原油与干泉组上段烃源岩关系更密切。石炭系—二叠系油源的发现拓展了银额盆地油气勘探新层系，对北方古生界油气勘探具有很好的指导作用。     

鄂尔多斯盆地东南缘煤矿侏罗系原油油源

鄂尔多斯盆地东南黄陇煤田许多煤矿在侏罗系煤层上下发现了许多原油和油苗，长期以来人们普遍认为这些原油是侏罗系煤系地层生成的典型煤成油，作者通过对洋多斯盆地和该地区三叠系，侏罗系源岩和原油地球化学特征对比研究发现，三叠系岩分布广，厚度大，有机质丰度高，类型好，且成熟度普遍较高；侏罗系源岩分布范围也较广但厚度小，且成熟度普遍很低，该区原油与三叠源岩有相似的地球化学特征而与侏罗系源岩不同，尤为明显的是它们     

准噶尔盆地西北缘车排子凸起原油类型与油源

准噶尔盆地西北缘南部红车断裂带- 车排子凸起油气藏众多,原油物理化学性质和地球化学特征十分复杂,原油类型及其来源长期存在很大争议。本文在准噶尔盆地不同时代烃源岩生成原油典型地球化学特征与主要油源判识指标归纳总结的基础上,对红车断裂带- 车排子凸起原油地球化学特征和来源进行系统分析研究,将该区域原油分为五类,其中三类原油分别来源于二叠系湖相烃源岩、中—下侏罗统煤系烃源岩、古近系安集海河组湖相烃源岩,另外两类为混合原油,分别为来源于二叠系湖相烃源岩的生物降解稠油与中—下侏罗统煤系烃源岩生成的正常原油和古近系湖相烃源岩生成的正常原油的混合原油。红车断裂带石炭系—白垩系油藏原油主要来源于沙湾凹陷二叠系湖相烃源岩,车排子凸起东北部春风油田稠油来源于沙湾凹陷二叠系湖相烃源岩;车排子凸起东侧- 红车断裂带西侧新近系沙湾组油藏轻质原油来源于四棵树凹陷古近系湖相烃源岩;车排子凸起中部春光油田白垩系—古近系油藏稠油为二叠系来源稠油和侏罗系正常原油的混合原油,新近系沙湾组油藏稠油为二叠系来源稠油与新近系正常原油的混合原油;车排子凸起西部石炭系—古近系油藏轻质原油来源于四棵树凹陷中—下侏罗统煤系烃源岩,而新近系沙湾组油藏轻质原油来源于四棵树凹陷古近系湖相烃源岩。本文对准噶尔盆地西北缘南部地区油气藏成藏研究及区域油气勘探决策具有重要参考作用。     

Source and commingling features of light oils from the Chepaizi uplift in the Junggar Basin,Northwest China

Geochemical composition characteristics of light oils from the Tertiary in the west of the Chepaizi uplift in the Junggar basin, northwest China, are distinct from those of biodegraded oils derived from the Permian in the study area and crude oils from some adjacent oil fields such as the Chepaizi and Xiaoguai oilfields. Oil source correlation shows that light oils in the study area have similar n-alkane and isoprenoid distribution patterns and carbon isotope compositions with the coal-derived oils from the Jurassic, and display obvious discrepancy on biomarker composition characteristics with the Cretaceous source rock extracts, inferring that they are probably the mixed oils from the Jurassic coal measures and Cretaceous source rocks. In this study, combined with the geochemical data of coal-derived oils from the Jurassic and Cretaceous source rocks or crude oils from the Cretaceous, the source and commingling features of the Tertiary crude oils of Well Pai 2 and Well Pai 8 were investigated. The proportion of the two sources in the mixed crude oils was estimated, and the hydrocarbon accumulation pattern of reservoirs in the study area was established.     

二连盆地侏罗系烃源岩地球化学特征及油源贡献

二连盆地侏罗系烃源岩研究程度较低,但在侏罗系发现有工业油流.本文通过有机岩石学与有机地球化学常规分析,系统研究与评价了此套烃源岩;结合原油与烃源岩的生物标志化合物的对比与分析,探讨其对油源的贡献.结果表明,二连盆地上侏罗统烃源岩有机质丰度低,有机质类型以Ⅲ型为主,成熟度较低,为非或差烃源岩;中下侏罗统有机质丰度较高,有机质类型以Ⅱ2-Ⅲ型为主,成熟度较高,为较好—好烃源岩.侏罗系烃源岩形成于淡水的氧化沉积环境,以陆源高等植物输入为主.此外,阿56井阿尔善组部分原油和图参1井侏罗系原油来源于侏罗系烃源岩.由此推断二连盆地侏罗系烃源岩具有良好的生烃潜力,勘探前景广阔.     

The geochemical characteristics and origin of crude oils in the Kekeya Oilfield,Xinjiang, China

GC/MS and GC/MS/MS techniques were employed to describe the characteristics of biomarker assemblages in two sets of hydrocarbon source rocks, Jurassic and Permian, in southwestern Tarim, and the parameters for the classification of the two sets of hydrocarbon source rocks have been established. It is found that diahopane and C30-unknown terpane are abundant in Permian samples, the contents of diahopane in Jurassic samples are relatively low, and terpenoids have been detected in Jurassic samples but not in Permian source rock samples. Kekeya crude oils are abundant in diahopane and C30-unknown terpane. The results of fine oil-rock correlation indicated that Kekeya crude oils were derived mainly from the Permian hydrocarbon source rocks. However, a small amount of diterpenoid was detected in the crude oils, indicating that the Jurassic hydrocarbon source rocks also made a certain contribution to Kekeya crude oils.     

鄂尔多斯盆地董志——正宁地区原油地球化学特征与成因

鄂尔多斯盆地董志—正宁地区是该盆地中生界油气勘探新区,对该地区原油的地球化学进行研究,了解原油的成因,可以为该地区石油勘探和开发提供科学依据。本研究首次对采集于董志—正宁地区原油和鄂尔多斯盆地烃源岩的烃类生物标志化合物进行了系统的分析,研究了它们的地球化学特征。原油中各类烃类生物标志化合物分布和组成特征指示了原油形成于...     

Geochemical characteristics of crude oils from Well Zheng-1 in the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, China

Well Zheng-1 is located in the combined area of the central uplift and the north Tianshan piedmont depression in the Junggar Basin. Two oil-bearing beds are recognized at 4788–4797 m of the Lower Cretaceous Tugulu Formation (K1tg) and 4808.5–4812.5 m of the Lower Jurassic Sangonghe Formation (J1s). The geochemical characteristics of family composition, carbon isotopic composition, saturated hydrocarbons, sterane and terpane biomarkers and carotane of two crude oils are described in this paper. The results show that the geochemical characteristics of the two crude oils are basically similar to each other, indicating they were all derived mainly from the high mature, brine, algae-rich lake facies sediments. Oil-source correlation revealed that crude oils of the two beds were derived mainly from the source rocks of Permian and mixed by the oil derived from the source rocks of Jurassic and Triassic. This is consistent with the geological background with several sets of source rocks in the area studied.     

Complex Petroleum Migration and Accumulation in Central Region of Southern Junggar Basin,Northwest China

The central region of the southern Junggar basin (Northwest China) is a key exploration target in this petroliferous basin. As there are four sets of potential source rocks (e.g., Permian, Jurassic, Cretaceous and Paleogene sequences), petroleum migration and accumulation are likely complex. This study represents an attempt to understand this complexity in order to provide fundamental information for future regional petroleum exploration and geological studies. Based on petroleum geology and geochemistry, i...     

Group classification of mixed oils in central Junggar Basin,Northwest China and their migration

The produced oils in central Junggar Basin are commonly mixed in origin. In this paper, in order to reveal this complexity and thereby provide valuable clues to the study of oil source and formation mechanism, genetic groups of the mixed oils were classified and their migration/accumulation was investigated. Based on the artificial oil mixing experiments, some representative biomarkers of the mixed oils showed varying tendencies according to mixing ratios of the oils. Hence, these biomarkers are useful for determining the origin of the mixed oils. According to the criteria, oils in the area were divided into four basic groups, i.e., the Lower Permian Fengcheng oil, the Middle Permian Lower Wuerhe oil, the Jurassic source derived oil, and the mixed oil (including the Lower and Middle Permian mixed oil and the Permian and Jurassic mixed oil). Oil migration and accumulation were discussed in combination with the geological background.     

Geochemical characteristics of saturate hydrocarbons in crude oils and source rocks of the Qaidam, Tarim, Tupran basins, NW China

Based on the systematic analyses of fifteen typical crude oils and ten typical potential source rocks col-lected from the Qaidam,Tarim and Turpan basins,Northwest China,the geochemical characteristics of the oils and source rocks were investigated and oil-source rock correlations undertaken.The oils and source rocks deposited in saline lacustrine environment from the western Qaidam Basin were characterized by n-alkanes with even car-bon-number preference in the C20-C28 range,low pristane/phytane(Pr/Ph) ratios(less than 0.5),and high abundances of C27 steranes,gammacerane and C35 hopanes.The oils and source rocks deposited in marine environment from the Tarim Basin were characterized by n-alkanes with even carbon-number preference in the C14-C18 range,relatively low Pr/Ph ratios(near to 1),high abundance of C28 steranes,and relatively high gammacerane.In contrast,the oils and source rocks deposited in terrigenous bog environment from the Turpan Basin were characterized by relatively high Pr/Ph ratios(oil samples greater than 6) high abundance of C29 steranes,and relatively low gammacerane and C31-35 hopanes.The higher amounts of C37 and C38 n-alkanes of source rocks from the western Qaidam Basin and the Tarim Basin suggest an origin of these alkanes from functionalized C37 and C38 n-alkadienes and alkenones in prymnesiophytes living in lacustrine and marine environments.Oil-source rock correlations suggest oils in the west-ern Qaidam Basin were derived from the Oligocene Lower Ganchaigou Formation(E3),oils in the Tabei and Tazhong uplifts from the Tarim Basin have a genetic relationship with the Middle-Upper Ordovician source beds.Oils in the Turpan Basin generally fall into two genetic types.Most oils in the Taibei depression from the Turpan Basin were derived from the Lower-Middle Jurassic coal measures,but the fewer oils in this region are a mixed source derived from the Lower-Middle Jurassic coal measure and the Upper Permian source rocks.     

柯克亚油田原油地球化学特征和油源研究

应用GC/MS、GC/MS/MS分析技术,剖析了塔西南地区侏罗系和二叠系两套烃源岩生物标志物组合特征,建立了区分的指标体系,即二叠系源岩重排藿烷、C30-未知萜烷含量丰富,侏罗系源岩重排藿烷含量较低,但检测到二萜类化合物,而在二叠系源岩中未检测到该类化合物。柯克亚原油重排藿烷、C30-未知萜烷发育。精细油-岩对比结果表明,柯克亚原油主要来源于二叠系烃源岩,同时原油中检测出微量的二萜类化合物,说明侏罗系烃源岩也有一定的贡献。