喀斯特树轮记录的土壤侵蚀历史研究（英文）

在贵州中部典型喀斯特石漠化区选择2个试验样地进行树轮地貌学研究,通过对样地内计22对裸露和非裸露树根进行野外测定并取样进行室内测试,表明:喀斯特裸露根系记录了土壤侵蚀结果,裸露树根解剖结构显示土壤侵蚀发生时树根细胞生长发生明显变化,显示出年轮突然变窄、细胞明显减小、或者早材细胞数量减少等,同时,纤维面积、导管管胞面积也发生显著下降,多达70.66%,少则39.20%,而这种变化仅只与土壤侵蚀有关,结合树根年龄测定,得到土壤侵蚀发生的准确时间,并据此计算出样地尺度土壤侵蚀的动态过程,其中普定土壤侵蚀量发生在2002-2007年之间,平均侵蚀速率为每年0.484 t;贞丰土壤侵蚀发生在2005-2007年之间,平均侵蚀速率为每年0.051 t。树轮记录的土壤侵蚀不仅可以同一个物种进行测定,还可以多物种共同记录,这为以多物种阔叶混交林为主要植被的喀斯特土壤侵蚀记录的研究提供了强有力的方法;而树轮记录的土壤侵蚀量大大大于径流场监测的流失量,显示喀斯特地下流失为主,流失量占总土壤侵蚀量的2/3。     

黄土峁坡耕地土壤侵蚀与泥沙输移

运用２０世纪五六十年代大气核试验所产生的人工放射性同位素￣（１３７）Ｃｓ为示踪元素，分析了陕西省子长县黄土峁玻耕地￣（１３７）Ｃｓ的坡面分布特征，计算出该坡耕地土壤侵蚀模数６３８０—８８９０ｔ／［（ｋｍ）￣２·ａ］；坡地底部剖面６和剖面１４的土壤堆积速率分别为２８０和４２３０（ｔ／［（ｋｍ）￣２·ａ］；该坡地剖面线１和剖面线２方向上的泥沙输移比０．９６。     

耕地撂荒研究进展与展望（英文）

Since the 1950 s, noteworthy farmland abandonment has been occurring in many developed countries and some developing countries. This global land use phenomenon has fundamentally altered extensive rural landscapes. A review of global farmland abandonment under the headings of "land use change – driving mechanisms – impacts and consequences – policy responses" found the following:(1) Farmland abandonment has occurred primarily in developed countries in Europe and North America, but the extent of abandonment has varied significantly.(2) Changing socio-economic factors were the primary driving forces for the farmland abandonment. And land marginalization was the fundamental cause, which was due to the drastic increase of farming opportunity cost, while the direct factor for abandonment was the shrink of agricultural labor forces.(3) Whether to abandon, to what extent and its spatial distributions were finally dependent on integrated effect from the physical conditions, laborer attributes, farming and regional socio-economic conditions at the village, household and parcel scales. With the exception of Eastern Europe, farmland abandonment was more likely to occur in mountainous and hilly areas, due to their unfavorable farming conditions.(4) A study of farmland abandonment should focus on its ecological and environmental effects, while which is more positive or more negative are still in dispute.(5) Increasing agricultural subsidies will be conductive to slowing the rate of farmland abandonment, but this is not the only measure that needs to be implemented. Due to China's rapid urbanization, there is a high probability that the rate of abandonment will increase in the near future. However, very little research has focused on this rapid land-use trend in China, and, as a result, there is an inadequate understanding of the dynamic mechanisms and consequences of this phenomenon. This paper concludes by suggesting some future directions for further research in China. These directions include monitoring regional and national abandonment dynamics, analyzing trends, assessing the risks and socio-economic effects of farmland abandonment, and informing policy making.     

中国可持续发展研究进展（英文）

Sustainable development has always been a hotspot in Chinese geographical research. Herein, we conduct a systematic statistical analysis of the contribution of Chinese geographers to sustainable development research using bibliometric methods. Based on the review of a vast amount of literature, we identify the main research teams, research funding sources, journals, and key research fields. The findings are as follows:(1) the resources and environmental institutes of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have a significant influence on sustainable development research;(2) China's central government foundations(the National Natural Science Foundation of China and National Social Sciences Fund) are the main research funding sources;(3) most of the highly cited articles are published in journals sponsored by the Geographical Society of China; and(4) sustainable development theory and its research areas are being constantly enriched and perfected. Based on the statistics of keywords, the theory, research methods, research regional scales, and key research areas are summarized and expounded.     

全国坡耕地水土流失综合治理工程实施效果分析研究（英文）

为了解"十二五"期间全国坡耕地水土流失综合治理工程实施情况,在资料收集、典型调研和专家咨询的基础上,从工程管理、工程建设、实施效益三个方面共选取24个指标,运用层次分析-灰色关联分析法对各省区工程实施效果进行综合分析评价。结果表明:(1)大部分省区工程建设得分0.65,得分较高,工程管理和实施效益得分多在0.45-0.65之间,总体得分偏低;(2)综合评价结果呈正态分布,四川省、云南省、贵州省综合得分分别为0.71,0.68和0.67,实施效果良好;吉林省、辽宁省得分分别为0.38和0.42,实施效果有待提升;其余各省得分均在0.45-0.65之间,效果中等;(3)评价结果在空间上呈现一定的地带性规律,西南岩溶区实施效果最好,其次是西南紫色土区、西北黄土高原区、北方土石山区和南方红壤丘陵区,东北黑土区实施效果有待提升。     

农业干旱监测研究进展与展望（英文）

In this paper, we compared the concept of agricultural drought and its relationship with other types of droughts and reviewed the progress of research on agricultural drought monitoring indices on the basis of station data and remote sensing. Applicability and limitations of different drought monitoring indices were also compared. Meanwhile, development history and the latest progress in agricultural drought monitoring were evaluated through statistics and document comparison, suggesting a transformation in agricultural drought monitoring from traditional single meteorological monitoring indices to meteorology and remote sensing-integrated monitoring indices. Finally, an analysis of current challenges in agricultural drought monitoring revealed future research prospects for agricultural drought monitoring, such as investigating the mechanism underlying agricultural drought, identifying factors that influence agricultural drought, developing multi-spatiotemporal scales models for agricultural drought monitoring, coupling qualitative and quantitative agricultural drought evaluation models, and improving the application levels of remote sensing data in agricultural drought monitoring.     

中国产业地理研究进展（英文）

The expansion and upgrading of Chinese industries have accompanied with the spatial restructuring process across the country. This paper provides a literature review on China's industrial geography, paying special attention to industrial agglomeration and industrial clusters. The increasing industrial agglomeration and development of industrial clusters have been the prominent characteristics of dynamics of industrial landscape in China. The major driving forces of China's industrial geography include economic globalization, decentralization and regional competition and rebuilding of regional advantages. This paper concludes with a discussion of future research focus.     

中国数字地形学研究进展（英文）

Geomorphometry,the science of digital terrain analysis(DTA),is an important focus of research in both geomorphology and geographical information science(GIS).Given that 70% of China is mountainous,geomorphological research is popular among Chinese scholars,and the development of GIS over the last 30 years has led to significant advances in geomorphometric research.In this paper,we review Chinese progress in geomorphometry based on the published literature.There are three major areas of progress:digital terrain modelling methods,DTA methods,and applications of digital terrain models(DTMs).First,traditional vector-and raster-based terrain modelling methods,including the assessment of uncertainty,have received widespread attention.New terrain modelling methods such as unified raster and vector,high-fidelity,and real-time dynamic geographical scene modelling have also attracted research attention and are now a major focus of digital terrain modelling research.Second,in addition to the popular DTA methods based on topographical derivatives,geomorphological features,and hydrological factors extracted from DTMs,DTA methods have been extended to include analyses of the structure of underlying strata,ocean surface features and even socioeconomic spatial structures.Third,DTMs have been applied to fields including global climate change,analysis of various typical regions,lunar surface and other related fields.Clearly,Chinese scholars have made significant progress in geomorphometry.Chinese scholars have had the greatest international impact in areas including high-fidelity digital terrain modelling and DTM-based regional geomorphological analysis,particularly in the Loess Plateau and the Tibetan Plateau regions.     

中国交通地理研究进展（英文）

As an important branch of human geography, transportation geography has experienced three periods of evolution: foundation, systematization, and rapid development of the discipline. It has gradually become a relatively mature discipline. During the period 1930– 1980, the development of transportation geography consisted mainly of the publication of theoretical texts. During 1980–2000, it gradually became a systematic discipline. Since the start of the 21 st century, transportation geography has focused mainly on exploring the impacts of transportation on socio-economic development. Currently, studies on transportation geography have led to significant developments in a number of areas, including transportation theory, facility distribution and planning, transportation flows and network analysis, evaluation of transport modes, transportation planning, and simulation and assessment of urban transportation. Such studies have also enriched human geography research, provided a wider geographical overview and elucidated the development mechanism of transportation, as well as helped to understand the impacts of transport development on socio-economic systems. Some findings obtained by geographers have been widely used in transportation geography and related fields, including the four basic laws of transportation generation, the hub–spoke mode of transport organization, the subordinating and guiding functions of transportation on socio-economic development, regional transport dominance measures, accessibility measures, and spatial organization of port systems.     

中国经济地理学研究进展（英文）

Economic geography in China's mainland has developed in a different way from that in many other countries. On the one hand, it has been increasingly active in participating in academic dialogues and knowledge development led by Anglophone countries; on the other hand, it takes practice-based and policy-oriented research, i.e. satisfying the demands from the Chinese government and society, as the linchpin of research. Since there has been a lot of literature reviewing the development of economic geography in the country before the new millennium, this paper will make a comprehensive analysis of the discipline in 2000–2015, based on a bibliometric survey and research projects done by Chinese economic geographers. The analysis indicates that(1) economic geography research in China's mainland is unevenly distributed but concentrated in several leading institutions;(2) traditional research fields like human-nature system, regional disparity, industrial location and transportation geography remain dominant while new topics such as globalization, multinational corporations and foreign direct investments, information and communication technology, producer services, climate change and carbon emission emerge as important research areas;(3) Chinese economic geography is featured by policy-oriented research funded by government agencies, having considerable impacts on regional policy making in China, both national and regional. To conclude, the paper argues that the development of economic geography in China's mainland needs to follow a dual track in the future, i.e. producing knowledge for the international academic community and undertaking policy-oriented research to enhance its role as a major consulting body for national, regional and local development.     

近年来中国旅游地理学研究进展与展望（英文）

Based on a large number of domestic literature reviews with related research abroad, academic standards and issues awareness have been intensified in domestic tourism geography, disciplinary consciousness and innovation enhancement. Hence, some valuable achievements have been made in the areas of tourism resources, tourism regional system, the spatial structure of tourism, tourism flow, ecotourism, tourism industry, tourism planning and tourism impacts, which strengthened the traditional advantages of research, expanded new areas of research and made research trends diverse. Meanwhile, with innovation of research methods, tourism geography in China is getting more and more internationally-oriented and reflecting Chinese characteristics. Research trends of China's tourism geography are prospected: 1) Catering to national strategic needs, persisting problem-oriented, strengthening the metatheoretical research, and building Chinese "localization" of theory of tourism geography and method system. 2) Introducing and assimilating foreign theories and research methods, while focusing on explaining new tourism phenomena and problems in the domestic socio-economic background. 3) Concerning about the new regional spatial processes of demographic process, social process, and spatial process in new tourism trend. 4) Exploring interactive process and mechanism of man-land relationship and new models to develop territorial space under the tourism impacts. 5) Exploring important research issues of tourism geography in global, national, regional and local scales, from the point of view of spatial differentiation, scale transformation, interaction of man and nature, creating tourism geography interpretation system based on "process-structure-mechanism" of China. 6) Building theoretical system actively, while strengthening application-oriented research, and focusing on tourism poverty alleviation, tourism and heritage protection, national parks' construction and other hot issues. Faced with econometrics research boom, we should return to rational thinking, using big data scientifically, while paying attention to the important role of qualitative evaluation in future research.     

中国地缘政治学25年研究进展（英文）

The world is currently undergoing profound changes, with a shift in global power centers and reordering of international power spaces, assigning new theoretical tasks as well as providing new opportunities for geopolitics research in China. Despite the peripheral nature of geopolitics research within their discipline, geographers have played a fundamental role in its origins and revival, from classical geopolitics(i.e., the German school of geopolitics and the Anglo-American school of geo-strategy), to internal geopolitics(i.e., electoral geography and administrative geography), to the new geopolitics(i.e., formal geopolitics), and to recent critical geopolitics(i.e., popular geopolitics). Although only few of these researchers were from China, great strides have been made in geopolitics and political geography research in China, with useful results being obtained. After demonstrating the importance of geopolitics research for the rising China, this review provides an overview of geopolitics papers led by China's geographers in the past few decades, describing their achievements, the problems they have faced, and the directions they have taken. Twenty-five years of geopolitics have produced a range of accomplishments, with a growth in the quality and size of research groups and institutions, an expanding literature, and some geo-strategic breakthroughs. Obviously, geographers have successfully reclaimed geopolitics, but some crucial topics are still absent or weak in the geopolitical research agenda, and need to be pursued vigorously. Most of the attention, from a positivistic perspective, has been paid to reflecting Western geopolitical thoughts, describing patterns of international power relations, and offering foreign policy advice(in a problem-focused orientation), rather than determining mechanisms and performing theoretical analyses(in a theoretical orientation), resulting in a lack of independent value judgments and of a theoretical basis for the subject. Moreover, in comparison with other disciplines, in terms of its academic community, research output, and status as a discipline, geopolitics research is very different from how it was three or four decades ago, when it was mainly the property of geographers, rather than political scientists and diplomats. For now, whether to support national geo-strategies or to enhance the diversity of the discipline, the involvement of geographers in geopolitics needs to become both more intensive and more extensive. The top priority is to strengthen theoretical, methodological, and problem- oriented research, including studies of geopolitical philosophy and methodology, the theoretical framework of the subject, global geopolitical evolution and shifts in power space, the roles of major powers and their geo-strategies, as well as China's surrounding geopolitical environment.     

耕地撂荒研究进展及启示（英文）

本文运用文献计量方法对1992-2019年在Web of Science数据库中发表的耕地撂荒领域的910篇文献进行总量和关键词分析,并根据关键词领域从耕地撂荒监测与制图、驱动力与影响因素、效应评估与权衡三个方面进行主题综述。研究发现:(1)目前撂荒耕地的提取与制图渠道以农户调研与遥感技术为主,结合空间信息的NDVI时间序列撂荒地提取方法具有较高精度;(2)从作用程度、来源、属性三个维度对耕地撂荒的驱动力和影响因素进行归纳,发现耕地边际化是耕地撂荒的根本驱动力,劳动力析出是耕地撂荒的直接驱动力,社会经济因素是主要驱动力;(3)耕地撂荒的环境效应具有空间异质性,时空差异、景观环境、气候、耕种、地形特征均会对耕地撂荒的环境效应起决定作用;耕地撂荒效应权衡主要集中在生态系统服务功能和价值领域,但相关空间背景的作用往往被忽略。在系统梳理现有文献的基础上,本文从开展全国层面的撂荒耕地调查、开展多尺度的撂荒驱动力研究、结合国情开展撂荒效应权衡研究等方面对未来耕地撂荒研究进行展望。     

中国洞穴动物调查研究进展（英文）

黑暗、潮湿、常温的岩溶地下洞穴,使生活其中的动物构成特殊的群落,表现出特殊的行为和体征,根据其生活习性,洞穴动物可分为真洞穴动物(Troglobites)、半洞穴动物(Troglophiles)和洞栖动物(Trogloxenes);中国岩溶洞穴动物研究开始于上世纪70年代后期,已经先后发现洞穴动物新种131个,在洞穴动物行为及特征方面,开始了大量的调查研究,取得了较好的进展。考虑到中国岩溶洞穴分布广泛、数量众多,中国洞穴动物调查研究还有很大的潜力。     

陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区土壤侵蚀驱动力及驱动机制分析（英文）

This paper analyzes the spatial variation in soil erosion in the loess hilly-gully region of northern Shaanxi Province, China. It sums up existing research, describes the factors that drive soil erosion, and uses geodetection to investigate the factors individually and in pairs.Our results show that soil erosion in the loess hilly-gully region of northern Shaanxi is mainly hydraulic erosion. There are significant spatial differences in the severity of soil erosion in the region. Generally, it is more severe in the north and west and less severe in the south and east. Individual factor detection results show that the major risk factors affecting soil erosion are human population distribution, precipitation, land-use type, elevation, and soil type. Interactive detection results show that interacting factors play much bigger roles in soil erosion than do individual factors. Based on forced detection results from different periods of time, we can see that forest and grass coverage, urbanization, and economic development in the study area all clearly inhibit soil erosion.     

基于土壤侵蚀控制度的黄土高原水土流失治理潜力研究（英文）

The capacity of soil and water conservation measures, defined as the maximum quantity of suitable soil and water conservation measures contained in a region, were determined for the Loess Plateau based on zones suitable for establishing terraced fields, forestland and grassland with the support of geographic information system(GIS) software. The minimum possible soil erosion modulus and actual soil erosion modulus in 2010 were calculated using the revised universal soil loss equation(RUSLE), and the ratio of the minimum possible soil erosion modulus under the capacity of soil and water conservation measures to the actual soil erosion modulus was defined as the soil erosion control degree. The control potential of soil erosion and water loss in the Loess Plateau was studied using this concept. Results showed that the actual soil erosion modulus was 3355 t·km~(–2)·a~(–1), the minimum possible soil erosion modulus was 1921 t·km~(–2)·a~(–1), and the soil erosion control degree was 0.57(medium level) in the Loess Plateau in 2010. In terms of zoning, the control degree was relatively high in the river valley-plain area, soil-rocky mountainous area, and windy-sandy area, but relatively low in the soil-rocky hilly-forested area, hilly-gully area and plateau-gully area. The rate of erosion areas with a soil erosion modulus of less than 1000 t·km~(–2)·a~(–1) increased from 50.48% to 57.71%, forest and grass coverage rose from 56.74% to 69.15%, rate of terraced fields increased from 4.36% to 19.03%, and per capita grain available rose from 418 kg·a~(–1) to 459 kg·a~(–1) under the capacity of soil and water conservation measures compared with actual conditions. These research results are of some guiding significance for soil and water loss control in the Loess Plateau.     

基于深度学习模型的沿海山区输电线路土壤侵蚀研究（英文）

沿海山区输电线路施工期土壤侵蚀监测是该行业施工监理的重点。本文利用高分辨率遥感数据和深度学习Dense和LSTM模型对闽粤联网输电线路（福建段）施工期土壤侵蚀进行拟合,从输电线路缓冲区和施工样区两种空间尺度对土壤侵蚀回归精度评价,获得了模型优化参数和适宜模型。研究结果表明,以土壤可蚀性、年降雨量、山地植被指数（NDMVI）、DEM、坡度、高分影像波段灰度值、施工属性等10个特征值,利用Dense模型和LSTM模型可以回归出符合精度要求的土壤侵蚀强度等级;研究筛选出的最优LSTM模型的优化参数为层数=3,容量=512,dropout比率=0.1,迭代次数7060;LSTM模型的回归精度随着土壤侵蚀等级升高而降低,其中土壤微度侵蚀等级的平均回归精度大于0.98。LSTM深度学习模型可应用于亚热带沿海山区工程项目引起的土壤侵蚀遥感快速监测。     

黄河近年径流泥沙剧减的多因素贡献率分析（英文）

The Yellow River basin is well known for its high sediment yield. However, this sediment yield has clearly decreased since the 1980 s, especially after the year 2000. The annual average sediment yield was 1.2 billion tons before 2000, but has significantly decreased to 0.3 billion tons over the last 10 years. Changes in discharge and sediment yield for the Yellow River have attracted the attention of both the Central Government and local communities. This study aimed to identify the individual contributions of changes in precipitation and human activities(e.g. water conservancy projects, terracing, silt dams, socio-economic and needs, and soil and water conservation measures) to the decrease in discharge and sediment yield of the Yellow River. The study used both improved the hydrological method and the soil and water conservation method. The study focused on discharge analysis for the upper reaches and the investigation of sediments for the middle reaches of the river. The results showed that discharge and sediment yield have both presented significant decreasing trends over the past 50 years. Precipitation showed an insignificant decreasing trend over the same period. The annual average discharge decreased by 5.68 billion m3 above Lanzhou reach of the Yellow River from 2000 to 2012; human activities(e.g. socio-economic water use) contributed 43.4% of the total reduction, whereas natural factors(e.g. evaporation from lakes, wetlands and reservoirs) accounted for 56.6%. The decrease in annual discharge and sediment yield of the section between Hekouzhen station and Tongguan station were 12.4 billion m3 and 1.24 billion tons, respectively. Human activities contributed 76.5% and 72.2% of the total reduction in discharge and sediment yield, respectively, and were therefore the dominant factors in the changes in discharge and sediment yield of the Yellow River.     

新时期千烟洲模式研究进展（英文）

20世纪80年代初期,为了解决赣中红壤丘陵区雨季水土流失、旱季农田缺水等问题,中科院千烟洲站李文华院士研究团队提出了著名的“丘上林草丘间塘,河谷滩地果鱼粮”千烟洲模式,进行林–牧–粮、林–果–经、水–陆复合经营等模式的试验示范和推广,解决了生态修复和农业生产中的主要问题。进入新时期以来,在习近平“两山论、生命共同体、生态兴则文明兴”等生态文明思想的引领下,千烟洲模式正在赋予新的内涵。为了减少农药和杜绝抗生素等使用,提升农产品质量,增加农民收入,助力乡村振兴战略,目前千烟洲站在赣中红壤丘陵区重点开展了“林–果–禽、构树–猪–果、草–羊（牛）–肥–果、构树–鱼–鹅、稻–虾”等农业绿色发展模式试验示范,以期为江西赣中革命老区的生态环境保护和农民富裕等生态文明建设贡献千烟洲智慧。     

滇东北山区坡耕地土壤侵蚀的地形因子

通过在滇东北山区坡耕地上设置１８个不同坡度和坡长的试验小区,并进行连续３年实测,得到本区域土壤侵蚀地形因子（ＬＳ）的定量关系式,据此求得滇东北山区坡耕地土壤侵蚀的坡面地形效应（ＬＳ值）表。