利用．PLT文件实现AutoCAD与多种绘图仪连接

详细分析了ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ中．ＰＬＴ文件的结构，利用这个文件所提供的信息，可以使在ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ软件包中没设驱动程序的那些绘图仪也能输出用它所绘制的图形。     

利用.PLT文件实现AutoCAD与多种绘图仪连接

详细分析了Ａｕｔｏ ＣＡＤ中．ＰＬＴ文件的结构，利用这个文件所得供的信息，可以使在Ａｕｔｏ ＣＡＤ软件包中没设驱动程序的那些绘图仪也能输出用它所绘制的图形。     

地勘牙轮钻头专用CAD系统

介绍了以ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ为开发平台的地勘牙轮钻头专用ＣＡＤ软件系统的一发及其应用,该系统由参数设计、布齿设计、参数化绘图３图分组成,可采用菜单、对话框和图标等形式对地勘牙轮钻头进行计算机辅助设计,在参数选取后进行布齿设计,然后进行参数化绘图,分别绘制出牙掌图、牙轮图和其它零件图,最后绘制装配图。     

在Auto CAD中实现汉字输入和编辑的方法

本文分析了比较了在ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ中实现汉字输入的几种方法，从中择出一种最佳方法，并将其操作过程详尽地介绍给读者。在此同时，还介绍并提供了两个在ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ中编辑汉字字符串的ＡＷｕｔｏＩＳＰ实程序。其分别用来“炸开”汉字字符串和连接任意两个字符串。     

江苏省地环境监测数据库管理系统（V1.00）

江苏省地质环境监测数据库管理系统－ＧＥＭＳ（Ｖ１．００）是用ＶｉｓｕａｌＣ＋＋６．０开发的３２位Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ应用程序,采用ＯＤＢＣ及ＳＱＬ进行编程设计,实现了对数据库的直接访问和基本操作系统数据源选取广泛,数据结构设计合理,各种信息资源撮的自动化、可视化程度较高,具有较强的绘图功能。系统充分利用了Ｓｕｒｆｅｒ、ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ、ＭｏｄｌＦｌｏｗ等多种软件,扩展了系统的制图及分析计算能力,同时提供了     

考虑空间效应的地下洞室爆破开挖松动区参数场位移反分析

将地下洞室爆破开挖松动区视为一个随开挖过程演变的非均匀、非稳定三维扰动场,松动区内岩体力学参数则是一个具有时空演化特性的参数场。考虑爆破开挖扰动空间效应和岩体真实变形响应,提出了真实工作状态下开挖松动区岩体参数场辨识的位移反分析方法。基于局部监测变形空间插补得到的空间位移场,通过分析洞室爆破开挖围岩变形扰动机制,建立了开挖松动区岩体变形模量参数场数值演化模型,并进行了模型适用性和参数敏感性分析。在此基础上,以变形模量参数为例,结合围岩实测位移信息,提出了开挖松动区参数场位移反分析的动态实现过程。将该方法应用于溪洛渡地下洞室群施工期参数场反演和围岩稳定动态反馈评价及预测,结果表明,该方法合理有效,在大型地下洞群施工开挖与快速监测反馈方面具有显著的工程适用性及实用性。     

葡萄山公路隧道通风机房洞室群施工力学分析

在长大隧道施工过程中,通风机房洞室群的施工是整个隧道施工过程的关键。本文借助ANSYS通用软件,结合葡萄山特长公路隧道通风机房洞室群开挖施工过程,建立了基于D-P准则的非线性三维有限元分析模型,对通风机房洞室群在施工过程中围岩的稳定性进行了研究。以应力和位移变化最为明显的送风通道轴线剖切模型所得到的断面为例,分析了施工步的变化及各支洞的开挖对主隧道位移、应力和塑形区的影响,并与隧道监控量测资料进行了对比分析,得到了计算位移与监测资料比较一致的结论,为隧道通风机房洞室群优化设计和安全施工提供了依据。     

水布垭尾水洞开挖与支护顺序的智能优化分析

选取清江水布垭电站尾水洞区域,通过正交设计构造不同的开挖与支护施工方案,建立三维数值模型,模拟施工开挖衬砌支护过程,研究了复杂地质条件下大型地下洞室群围岩开挖位移和塑性区;用进化神经网络学习预测其余方案,优化全局方案,构建稳定性的综合判据指标,分析大型洞室群的整体稳定性,得到最优的施工顺序,为设计和施工提供了参考依据。     

在AutoCAD中实现桩号自动编写的方法

本文介绍了用ＡｕｔｏＬＩＳＰ语言编程，在ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ中自动编写桩号的方法。     

龙游大型古地下洞室群1～5号洞水文地质与工程地质条件研究

一个超浅埋大型古地下洞室群于1992年在浙江省龙游县被四个农民发现。该洞室群的发现引起了各方面专家和学者的广泛关注。但从发现至今已出现了多种破坏现象,如顶板脱落、洞间壁坍塌、柱子拉张或剪切破坏以及由于渗水导致的洞室围岩的干湿交替引发的风化现象等等。本文从工程地质调查入手,对龙游古地下洞室群的工程地质条件、水文地质条件等进行了分析,为下一步的保护工作提供地质基础。     

东濮凹陷北部沙河街组三段中亚段沉积环境分析

东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。     

The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads

In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning.     

郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论

据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。     

Unity of the national and the international in the socio-cultural development of the peoples of the USSR

International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.     

某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析

在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。      

塘口水电站坝基岩体透水性和渗漏问题分析

塘口水电站大坝基础座落在断层和裂隙较发育的龟裂纹灰岩上,岩体完整性差、透水性强,多年运行后,大坝灌浆廊道和排水廊道出现多处集中性漏水,为确保大坝安全和电站正常发电,根据渗漏性质和成因,采用对灌浆廊道补充帷幕灌浆,对排水廊道进行固结+帷幕+回填灌浆。通过灌浆处理后,效果良好,表明灌浆工程有效的将导致坝基渗漏的上下游的裂隙通道封闭,并顺利的经受了随后的汛期洪水考验,大坝安全得到保障。     

Report of the restudy of the defined global stratotype of the base of the Silurian System

The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs.     

Calculation of the Inverse of the Covariance

In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix.     

Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth

It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T ₃ = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″.     

Artemia in the Salt Lakes of Russia:the Productivity of Populations,the Reserves of the Cysts and the Fisheries

正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the