筒测给水度存在的问题

自一九八二年以来,黄、淮、海平原的予、皖、苏、鲁、冀诸省,先后推广了土壤给水度μ值的一种简易测定方法——筒测法。我们在井口试验站也做了试验研究。实验结果表明,该法存在问题颇多。首先是方法的本身在理论上似乎有些欠妥,其次是在测定过程中也有易出毛病的地方。归纳起来有以下几点: 1.由气液界面产生的表面张力使土体内     

磁铁矿简易检测装置的应用

制作了一种简易检测装置，在矿山和选厂现场直接检测磁铁矿含量，运用于磁铁矿测定，分析结果与化学分析法相符。用两个实际样品进行精密度试验，RSD(n＝10)＜1％。     

改进型焦利氏秤与传统实验对比研究

针对高校教材《普通物理实验》中液体表面张力系数的测定实验存在的一些问题,进行了认真分析,指出传统实验前后所测量的一些物理量不是等精度测量,因而有必要对实验原理和公式进行修正。改进型焦利氏秤,在载物台下装有测量机构,实验测量方法有所改变,实验思路更加明确,并经实验比对,使用改进型焦利氏秤做此实验,不仅操作和计算简便,而且所得结果更接近公论值,取得了良好的效果。     

孔眼式量水器

孔眼量水器是掌握钻进水量的一种简易装置。我们使用孔眼式简易量水器,准确的掌握了钻进的泵量参数。根据水力学中,液体通过容器壁上的小孔口泄流的速度,与孔口重心以上的水柱高度有关的原理,我们设计了孔眼量水器。孔服量水器是一只多孔口的泄水容器,其构造如图所示。图中,量水管(1)和缓冲室(2)都是     

钻孔化学灌浆的两种辅助装置

一、排灌装置在往孔内送灌注器进行灌浆时，液体进入钻杆柱内，灌注完毕，提升灌注器时，按上了排灌装置，可将钻杆中的液体排入孔内，以改善孔口操作条件。我们先后设计两种型式排灌装置，经试验效果均好。1．滑动式排灌装置：该装置如图1所示，由接手（1），滑动接手（2），排灌接头（4），滑键（3），密封座（6）及密封圈（5）所组成。排灌接头上端与钻杆相连接，下端与容纳管相连接。     

环境空气中硫酸雾的快速测定

为了快速测定环境空气中硫酸雾,采用快速简易的温度-滴定法进行了实验.介绍了该方法的原理及其实验方法,并对其实验结果进行了讨论.     

泥页岩吸水扩散系数测量新方法

介绍了一种模拟井下温压条件下泥页岩吸水扩散系数测量的新方法及共实验装置和实验数据回归处理技术.利用该装置对泥页岩的扩散系数值进行了测定,并据此对泥浆滤液在泥页岩井壁中的渗透运移规律进行了数值计算.使用结果表明,该种测量方法新颖科学、数据可靠,且大大的简化了实验过程,缩短了实验时间,所得结果更符合现场实际,具有较大的实用价值.     

微波消解-耐氢氟酸系统电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定铌钽矿中的铌和钽

采用悬浮液进样进行原子光谱测定,可以减少样品前处理和不用酸碱化学试剂,是一种绿色化学的发展方向。本文采用表面张力仪对聚丙烯酸钠、聚氧化乙烯、六偏磷酸钠、柠檬酸三钠等表面活性剂与铅锌矿粉末组成悬浮液的表面张力进行测定,利用火焰原子吸收光谱法的雾化装置进行了雾化效率的考察和优化选择。随着表面活性剂浓度的增加,水溶液和悬浮液的雾化效率均增大,当达到一定浓度时,雾化效率增幅趋缓并达到最大值,不同表面活性剂具有不同变化趋势。对于聚氧化乙烯制备的悬浮液,在2 g/L浓度时具有最高的雾化效率;而聚丙烯酸钠在5 g/L浓度时具有更高的雾化效率,可达20%。表明表面活性剂能改善悬浮液的稳定性并提高雾化效率,可以应用于原子光谱的测定。     

测定钻井液表面张力的简单仪器——毛细管滴重计

在金刚石钻进中,乳化液及其他表面活性剂洗井液的表面张力,是影响钻井液润滑性能和清洗性能的重要参数。但在野外地质队目前尚缺少这种测定表面张力的仪器,妨碍着对新钻井液的研究与运用。我局泥浆实验室用旧温度计自制了一种简单     

天青石中锶同位素组成测定——酸溶和碱熔样品分解方法的对比

利用酸溶法和碱熔法分解天青石样品，经过离子交换分离得到纯净的Sr，测定^87Sr／^86Sr同位素比值，实验结果表明两种样品分解方法得到的^87Sr／^86Sr同位素比值的偏差〈0.0001，证明在天青石锶同位素组成测定中，酸溶法和碱熔法都是可行的；但与碱熔法相比，酸溶法更简易并且利于本底值的控制。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861