气象经济学研究对象及气象服务特征分析

在回顾气象经济学现有研究文献基础上,探讨了气象经济学研究对象确立的问题,强调气象经学研究对象是以气象信息为核心基础的气象服务及其衍生品。比较系统地分析了气象服务的若干特征：作为公共物品,具有消费的非排他性、非竞争性;作为私人商品,具有价值和使用价值特征;作为服务,具有无形性、生产消费同步性、消费的重复性;作为信息,具有客观性、无限性、动态性、依附性、不完全性和复制低成本性。最后,总结出若干政策建议。     

气象经济学研究对象及气象服务特征分析

在回顾气象经济学现有研究文献基础上,探讨了气象经济学研究对象确立的问题,强调气象经学研究对象是以气象信息为核心基础的气象服务及其衍生品.比较系统地分析了气象服务的若干特征:作为公共物品,具有消费的非排他性、非竞争性;作为私人商品,具有价值和使用价值特征;作为服务,具有无形性、生产消费同步性、消费的重复性;作为信息,具有客观性、无限性、动态性、依附性、不完全性和复制低成本性.最后,总结出若干政策建议.     

三穗县、都匀市气温及降水等气候特征分析

利用1971—2000年三穗县和都匀市年平均气温和年降水量的气象观测资料,分析了2地30 a气温和降水的基本气候特征、年际变化和变化趋势。结果表明,三穗县气温变化包含了13 a、2 a的振荡周期,其降水具有23 a、5 a的周期变化特征;而都匀市的温度序列只具有10 a的高频振荡周期,降水变化则包含了26 a、23 a、5 a的周期振荡。气温偏高的时期,降水量偏少。经气候突变的分析检验,三穗县、都匀市的气温及降水在同一时间尺度下具有不同的突变点。     

内蒙古地区风能、太阳能资源互补性分析

选择全区1991—2006年辐射资料和1977—2006年风资料进行分析,将全区各地的风能资源可以分为春夏强秋冬弱型、春季强夏秋冬弱型、春季强夏季弱型、春季强冬季弱型、和冬季强夏季弱型;全区太阳能资源与风能资源具有相似的时间变化规律;但风能资源在时空分布上具有很大的不同,但两者都具有明显的季节性。因此太阳能和风能的互补性呈现出很大的差异。     

华南地区几种降水产品的对比分析

对华南地区3种比较常用的降水产品（CMAP、GPCP、TRMM）进行了比较和分析。结果表明,在华南地区,这3种降水产品测出的降雨量在空间上具有一致的大尺度分布特征,在时间演变上具有一致的演变趋势,都能很好地反映雨带的季节性迁移特征和华南汛期的降雨特征;但是在不同的具体区域,三者的细节特征差异还是比较显著的,相比较而言,GPCP和TRMM具有更为一致的空间分布特征;在地形复杂的区域,TRMM具有更良好的表现能力。     

当好参谋助手

部门的办公室在日常管理活动中具有沟通上下、协调左右的枢纽作用;在领导决策过程中具有调查研究、分析和提供信息的参谋和助手作用;在保证上级及局务会各项指示和决定得以及时、正确贯彻落实上具有检查、督促和具体承办的作用;在全局各项工作中具有安排、协调和服务的联络调度作用.随着体制改革的深入和目标管理责任制的实施,办公室的地位和作用越来越重要.我们商洛地区气象局办公室在为领导决策服务中,按照"当好参谋,作好助手"的     

卫星遥感在森林火灾中的应用

1 引言 气象卫星遥感具有高频次、大范围、多光谱、适用于遥感统计解释等优点,特别是高频次对环境监测对灾害和植物状况的动态监测具有更多优势,是农业、林业气象情报信息的重要来源.     

“智能型气象预报专家系统业务系统”简介

本文较详细地介绍了“智能型气象预报专家系统业务系统”的结构和功能,体现了该系统具有高度的实践性和能使预报实现客观化、自动化的特点,并且对减轻繁杂的手工劳动和减少主观因素的影响具有重要作用。     

贵州夏季雷暴的气候变化特征分析

利用贵州84个气象观测站1961—2007年历年夏季（6—8月）逐日雷暴资料,分析贵州夏季雷暴的时空分布特征。结果表明：47a来贵州夏季雷暴分布具有明显的区域性、时间性和年际分布等特征;且21世纪6月份雷暴日数偏多地区具有明显增多趋势,偏少地区具有减少趋势,而7月和8月,雷暴日数偏多地区具有明显减少趋势,偏少地区无明显变化。     

三峡地区气候特征

利用三峡地区15站有完整历史记录的历年逐月降水、温度和蒸发资料,采用统计分析方法对三峡地区气候特征进行分析研究。分析结果表明,三峡地区降水期(4～10月)、夏季(6～8月)和逐月的降水具有相似的空间变化特点：作为一级近似可以将三峡地区降水作为一个整体,作为二级近似,可以将三峡地区分成东、西两区;三峡地区夏季和逐月的降水具有相似的时间变化特点：降水不符合正态分布特征,但变化相对比较稳定;三峡地区降水期的降水基本符合正态分布。三峡地区降水期、夏季以及逐月的平均温度具有相似的时空变化特点。三峡地区各站的温度变化在各时段都具有很好的一致性,基本符合正态分布的特点。三峡地区各站各时段蒸发的变化具有相似的特点。     

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS DATA OF AIR–SEA TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE AND ITS VARIATION ACROSS SOUTH CHINA SEA IN THE PAST 35 YEARS

Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter.     

Could the Recent Taal Volcano Eruption Trigger an El Ni?o and Lead to Eurasian Warming?

正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment.     

VARIABILITY OF INTER-ANNUAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDIAN OCEAN DIPOLE AND HUAXI REGION’S AUTUMN PRECIPITATION

The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region.     

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC CONDITIONS BEFORE THE OCCURRENCE OF TWO TYPES OF EL NIO EVENTS

The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o.     

IMPACT OF ATMOSPHERIC LOW-FREQUENCY OSCILLATION ON THE IMMIGRATION OF NILAPARVATA LUGENS(STL) IN HUNAN AND JIANGXI PROVINCES

Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration.     

全球贸易隐含碳变化及其影响分析

基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。     

Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings

正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any     

Index to Vol.31

正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang;     

Information for Contributors

正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome.