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藻类溶血素研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
近年来,赤潮、水华频繁发生,危害加剧[1],赤潮和水华藻类能分泌多种毒素,造成水质恶化,使大量鱼贝类死亡,给水产养殖业带来了巨大经济损失,也威胁着人类的健康[2]。目前,国内外已对多种藻类毒素,如肝毒素(hepatotoxins)、神经毒素(neurotox-ins)、脂多糖(lipopolysacchrides)内毒素等进行了较深入的研究。但对赤潮藻类溶血素的研究报道还处于起步阶段。作者综述了产生溶血素微藻的种类、溶血素的生理生化特性、作用机理及危害等方面的研究进展。1溶血素的定义及能产生溶血素的藻类溶血素(hemolysin)是指在血清学和细菌学方面,能引起动物红细… 相似文献
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藻类的生理生态学研究进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
藻类研究一直是植物学领域研究的一个重点,藻类研究包括诸多方面,而生理生态学研究又是其中的重点。本文从其生理学、生态学和生理生态学三个方面综述近年来藻类的生理生态学研究,并指出其发展方向。 相似文献
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藻类抗肿瘤活性物质研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
藻类中含有丰富的具有生物活性的代谢物,这些代谢物具有药理活性如抗肿瘤活性或可作为先导化合物。本文综述了藻类抗肿瘤活性物质的研究进展,同时也对其研究前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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启动子是基因表达调控重要的顺式元件,其结构与功能的研究成为分子生物学的研究热点之一.本文介绍了植物基因启动子的研究方法与概况,重点综述了藻类基因启动子的研究现状,以及本实验室对节旋藻藻蓝蛋白基因启动子的研究情况,并就启动子研究在基因工程中的应用价值和存在问题进行了讨论. 相似文献
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双壳贝类参与免疫防御的体液因子 总被引:22,自引:3,他引:22
贝类免疫学是新兴学科无脊椎动物免疫学中的一个分支 ,近年来受到了极大关注 ,其中有两个重要的理由 :其一 ,对贝类免疫性的了解 ,将有助于人们采取措施与贝类病害抗争 ,就有可能预防扇贝、牡蛎、贻贝等重要养殖贝类的细菌性、病毒性以及寄生虫病 ;其二 ,在探索动物免疫的起源与进化等方面具有重要意义。有关双壳贝类参与免疫防御的体液因子方面的研究 ,国内研究报道较少 [1~6],国外已对参与异物清除、异已识别和免疫调节等方面的体液因子,如水解酶、氧化酶、凝集素、单核因子和神经内分泌激素及其受体等开展了大量研究 ,本文就此作一… 相似文献
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Much of the recent Canadian activity in marine technology has focused on development of capabilities in Arctic waters, and on the update and replacement of naval vessels. This paper describes some of the significant projects and programs now under way, and suggests future research and development requirements. 相似文献
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Recent advances in high-speed underwater acoustic communications 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
In recent years, underwater acoustic (UWA) communications have received much attention as their applications have begun to shift from military toward commercial. Digital communications through UWA channels differ substantially from those in other media, such as radio channels, due to severe signal degradations caused by multipath propagation and high temporal and spatial variability of the channel conditions. The design of underwater acoustic communication systems has until recently relied on the use of noncoherent modulation techniques. However, to achieve high data rates on the severely band-limited UWA channels, bandwidth-efficient modulation techniques must be considered, together with array processing for exploitation of spatial multipath diversity. The new generation of underwater communication systems, employing phase-coherent modulation techniques, has a potential of achieving at least an order of magnitude increase in data throughput. The emerging communication scenario in which the modern underwater acoustic systems mill operate is that of an underwater network consisting of stationary and mobile nodes. Current research focuses on the development of efficient signal processing algorithms, multiuser communications in the presence of interference, and design of efficient modulation and coding schemes. This paper presents a review of recent results and research problems in high-speed underwater acoustic communications, focusing on the bandwidth-efficient phase-coherent methods. Experimental results are included to illustrate the state-of-the-art coherent detection of digital signals transmitted at 30 and 40 kb/s through a rapidly varying one-mile shallow water channel 相似文献
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This paper gives a broad overview of Dutch efforts in marine technological research. Some of the most interesting programs and projects in oceanographical, maritime, and offshore-related research are highlighted. In addition, the main trends and future R&D needs are briefly discussed. 相似文献
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深水土工调查技术和分析方法新进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
简要介绍了近年来国外在深水土工调查技术和分析方法方面取得的新进展,包括:钻孔取样技术在钻入模式和取样器的多样化和有效组合,从而实现不同水深和不同土类条件下的高质量取样;带孔压测量的圆锥触探试验在测量方法、孔压测量单元设计、探头的小型化和多样化、数据的快速传输以及分析理论方面的进展;减少土样扰动,准确评估粘土不排水抗剪强度的“SHANSEP”室内试验方法及应用。 相似文献
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海洋生物技术是规模化生产和利用海洋生物资源获取海洋生物产品和服务的系统工程技术。自1989年日本东京第一届国际海洋生物技术会议以来,国际海洋生物技术在促进海水养殖业健康可持续发展、开发海洋生物制品、保护海洋环境、保护海洋生物多样性以及建设"和谐海洋"等领域得到迅猛发展,不仅促进了传统海洋生物产业的转型升级,还催生了包括海洋天然药物、海洋生物材料等许多新的产业生长点。第十二届国际海洋生物技术会议于2019年9月9-13日在日本静冈召开,会议以"下一代的海洋生物技术"为主题,旨在全球范围内交流海洋生物技术研究和开发的最新进展,强化一个国际层面的"政府-学术-产业"之间的交流与合作平台。这次会议最大的特点是把青年科学家、企业家和政策制定者推向了大会交流的一线。本文针对本次会议反映的新进展,提出我国未来5~10年特别值得关注的重点方向,建议把青年人才特别是学术、工程和产业融合型人才的培养放到最重要的位置,及时布局下一代海洋生物技术的原始创新和新兴产业孵化的战略制高点。 相似文献
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Mark F. Randolph Christophe Gaudin Susan M. Gourvenec David J. White Noel Boylan Mark J. Cassidy 《Ocean Engineering》2011,38(7):818-834
The paper presents an overview of recent developments in geotechnical analysis and design associated with oil and gas developments in deep water. Typically the seabed in deep water comprises soft, lightly overconsolidated, fine grained sediments, which must support a variety of infrastructure placed on the seabed or anchored to it. A particular challenge is often the mobility of the infrastructure either during installation or during operation, and the consequent disturbance and healing of the seabed soil, leading to changes in seabed topography and strength. Novel aspects of geotechnical engineering for offshore facilities in these conditions are reviewed, including: new equipment and techniques to characterise the seabed; yield function approaches to evaluate the capacity of shallow skirted foundations; novel anchoring systems for moored floating facilities; pipeline and steel catenary riser interaction with the seabed; and submarine slides and their impact on infrastructure. Example results from sophisticated physical and numerical modelling are presented. 相似文献
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海洋养殖鱼类仔稚鱼摄食和营养研究的进展 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
海洋鱼类人工育苗常出现仔稚鱼死亡率高的情况,它涉及到亲鱼培育、卵子质量、仔稚鱼营养需求、生物饵料供应和配合饲料取代等问题.本文就海洋鱼类仔稚鱼培育的饵料系列、亲鱼和早期发育中的脂类代谢和氨基酸作用、生物饵料的营养强化以及微粒、微囊饲料等研究进展作了概述. 相似文献