南祁连盆地上三叠统阿塔寺组碎屑岩地球化学特征及其源岩

南祁连盆地在晚三叠世时期处于陆相沉积,上三叠统阿塔寺组碎屑岩十分发育。盆地三叠系砂岩的岩性及岩相特征与二叠系非常相似,但是源岩构造背景、物质组成及物质来源与二叠系有所差异。根据地球化学主量元素、微量元素分析结果,上三叠统阿塔寺组源岩构造背景活动性较强,以活动性较强的大陆岛弧及活动大陆边缘为主,源岩物质组成以长英质火成岩为主。结合区域地质构造背景判断,南祁连盆地上三叠统阿塔寺组沉积物源区以北物源为主,以南物源为辅,中祁连的前震旦系及下古生界变质结晶岩系及花岗岩为其主要物源。     

华北盆地三叠纪物源特征及其沉积—构造演化

华北盆地三叠纪沉积厚度大,分布广泛,其地层沉积特征很好地记录了周缘造山带或隆起区在该时期的构造演化过程。目前,前人已经对华北各地区三叠纪碎屑物源进行了大量研究,而对于物源区的认识仍存在分歧,对于盆缘地区沉积—构造演化过程的研究也相对较少。通过整理前人对华北各地区三叠纪碎屑物源研究的锆石年龄数据,并结合造山带构造演化过程和地层沉积特征,对华北盆地三叠纪碎屑物源及沉积—构造演化过程进行了整体研究。结果表明:华北北部三叠纪沉积物源均来自北缘的内蒙古隆起,锆石年龄和地层沉积特征记录了源区逐渐增强的岩浆活动和隆升过程。华北南部地区在该时期主要接受来自华北南缘二叠纪沉积盖层和北秦岭造山带的碎屑物质供给,华北南缘伴随着秦岭造山过程可能在中三叠世就已经逆冲隆升并遭受剥蚀,两者的协同演变共同控制着盆地南部沉积演化过程。鄂尔多斯盆地西北部碎屑物源主要来自阿拉善地块和北祁连造山带,西南部地区物源则主要来自盆地西南缘再旋回沉积盖层和北祁连造山带,分别为伸展和挤压状态下的内陆盆地沉积。早—中三叠世,华北盆地为统一的大型内陆沉积盆地,晚三叠世,盆地南、北缘发育沿褶皱逆冲带分布的陆内前陆盆地系统。     

鄂尔多斯盆地北部晚古生代物源区分析及其地质意义

从构造演化、古地理变迁、源区母岩性质、陆源碎屑组分标型特征等方面对鄂尔多斯盆地北部晚古生代物源区进行研究发现：区域上的南北隆起、中部坳陷的古地理格局决定了晚古生代鄂尔多斯盆地北部物源主要来自于北缘的阴山古陆，二叠纪呈NNE向自北而南展布的河流三角洲及古流向，反映出陆源碎屑物质主要来自北部古陆，鄂尔多斯盆地内部及其北部的结晶基底以太古界和元古界地层为主，在盆地北部基岩分布及类型具有明显的分区特征并导致了东西部地区砂岩储集体岩性的差异，物源与有利储层的发育密切相关。     

酒东盆地红山地区砂岩型铀成矿条件及成矿规律研究

<正>1地质背景酒东盆地大地构造地处北祁连加里东褶皱带与阿拉善地块之间走廊过渡带上,是中新生代断(坳)陷盆地。工作区位于酒东盆地东北斜坡构造单元之上(王崇孝等,2005;李奋其等,2006)。盆地北部基底由前震旦系龙首山群结晶变质岩系和海西期花岗岩类组成。构造相对稳定,以断裂构造为主,发育北西西向和北东向断裂。盆地盖层为三叠系、中下侏罗统、下白垩统及新近系。下白垩统新民堡群     

陕西省洛南地区二叠系石盒子组砂岩特征及物源区探讨

为了认识陕西省洛南地区二叠系石盒子组砂岩特征及其物源,给探索渭河盆地前新生代基底组成提供依据,本文综合分析了洛南二叠系石盒子组砂岩组分和重矿物特征。结果表明,砂岩物源区主要为再旋回造山带和克拉通地块,物源区与北秦岭造山带的演化关系密切,南秦岭构造带北部下古生界也为石盒子组提供部分物源,中二叠世晚期华北、秦岭板块面接触碰撞,北秦岭构造带快速隆升,南秦岭物源区提供物源减少,砂岩物源主要为中酸性岩浆岩+低级变质岩+沉积岩。二叠纪鄂尔多斯盆地南缘向南延至洛南—栾川断裂附近,洛南地区二叠系石盒子组河流沼泽相含煤岩系沉积应该属于鄂尔多斯盆地南缘沉积,结合渭北—渭河—洛南地区晚古生代地层对比成果,认为渭河地区二叠纪至少曾沉积过二叠系石盒子组地层,渭河新生代盆地基底具有残存二叠系的可能。     

南祁连盆地三叠纪地层及石油地质特征

在完成南祁连盆地３条北东向直线距离为４０１．５ｋｍ五万分之一条带地质图的基础上,重新厘定区内三叠系的划分,明确了各地层单位的含意,并建立了区内哈拉湖地层区,下日哈地层区和北部地层区及其与邻区三叠系的对比关系,认为中三叠统大加连组海相碳酸岩和上三叠统尕勒德寺组泥质岩为该盆地重要的烃源岩系,并讨论它在盆地内不同坳陷的分布规律。     

虎林盆地北部坳陷中、新生代碎屑岩源区构造背景与物源区分析

虎林盆地北部坳陷地层包括下白垩统裴德组、下云山组、上云山组、珠山组，渐新统虎林组和中新统富锦组。北部坳陷砂岩-泥岩由常量、微量和稀土元素组成，揭示早白垩世砂岩-泥岩源区构造背景为活动大陆边缘，渐新统斗新统砂岩-泥岩多呈现出从活动大陆边缘向大陆岛弧转换的地球化学特征。结合沉积相特征和岩屑所反映的源区岩性特点，认为早白垩世时期物源主要来自于坳陷北部完达山造山带和南部古隆起；渐新统物源则主要来自盆地东北部的完达山造山带，并且碎屑岩的原始物质均来自上地壳。     

雅布赖盆地构造演化与油气聚集

雅布赖含油气盆地位于中国西部河西走廊地区北部,处于华北克拉通阿尔善地块中南部过渡带,属北祁连构造带,中生代为走滑拉分盆地,新生代为挤压冲断坳陷盆地。燕山早期,形成东西向雅布赖拉张断陷,主控断裂为北大山正断层,沉积中心位于盆地南部;燕山中期,碰撞造山作用致使盆地北部急剧抬升,北部中-下侏罗统地层遭受强烈剥蚀;燕山晚期,阿拉善地块及其北部地区处于伸展构造环境,雅布赖山前产生东西向正断层,急剧活动,快速沉降,形成了北东向展布的新的拉张断陷盆地。喜马拉雅期,在挤压走滑作用下,雅布赖盆地南部形成北西向南倾逆冲的推覆构造,致使北大山正断层发生错断瓦解,最终形成"东隆西坳,南断北超"的挤压坳陷构造格局。雅布赖盆地主体沉积凹陷具有较强分割性,沉降凹陷分布于南部,最大沉积岩厚度为5 400 m;凹陷内侏罗系最为发育,中侏罗统新河组、青土井组暗色泥岩、煤岩为烃源岩,砂岩为储集层,新河组泥岩互层作盖层,构成盆地内最主要的含油气组合。由于雅布赖盆地特定的早期深埋,晚期抬升破坏构造格局,造就侏罗系砂岩储层早期强烈压实致密,侏罗系煤系烃源岩成熟较晚,构造发育期与烃源岩排烃期不匹配,生成油气主要表现为近源成藏与层内滞留,形成源内自生自储,致密油应是主要勘探对象。     

新疆焉耆盆地早侏罗世八道湾期原始沉积边界探讨

新疆焉耆盆地是一中、新生代盆地,通过对盆地下侏罗统八道湾组野外调研及地层岩石化学特征分析,笔者认为其物源区位于盆地北部,碎屑由北向南搬运,在北部为粗碎屑堆积,南部为细碎屑堆积;盆地北部为辫状河相沉积,南部为滨浅湖相沉积;最新完成的磷灰石裂变径迹数据显示西、南、北缘山体隆升较晚;在盆地周缘山体上,现今仍残留有侏罗纪地层;这都显示盆地原始沉积边界比现今盆地要广。通过以上分析及与库车盆地对比发现,两者于八道湾期是相连通的,为塔里木大型盆地的一部分。     

南海北部深海盆地上中新统浊积砂体物源分析*

IODP367/368航次在南海北部深海盆地多个站位发现上中新统厚达数百米的大规模深海浊积岩。采用碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谱系分析方法对U1500站上中新统浊积砂体进行源汇对比分析。研究结果表明U1500站上中新统浊积岩碎屑锆石年龄谱系与其西侧琼东南盆地和北侧珠江口盆地中新世沉积物特征类似。多维排列分析(MDS)结果也显示,该站位样品与珠江口盆地、琼东南盆地沉积物关系密切,表明南海北部深海盆地内厚达数百米的上中新统浊积砂体为南海北部物源和南海西部物源混合堆积形成。南海西部陆源输入物质以浊流搬运的方式,沿中央峡谷从西到东搬运至南海东部深海盆地;南海北部珠江物源以重力流的形式,经南海北部陆坡峡谷搬运至深海盆地中,两种来源的沉积物在深海盆地发生混合沉积,形成U1500站厚达数百米的浊积砂体。南海北部深海盆地厚层浊积砂体物质来源的准确识别,对深刻理解南海新生代盆地的构造演化、沉积物充填过程、物源演变以及古地理特征均具有重要意义。     

Unity of the national and the international in the socio-cultural development of the peoples of the USSR

International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.     

Global repeating events in the history of the Earth and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy

Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated.     

Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth

It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T ₃ = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″.     

从榴辉岩与围岩的关系论苏鲁榴辉岩的形成与折返

位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。     

某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析

在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。      

摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨

通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。     

Paleomagnetic implications on the evolution of the tethys belt from the atlantic ocean to the pamirs since the triassic

We first re-examined the apparent polar wander curves for stable Eurasia and Africa since the Triassic. These curves were then combined together with curves of North and South America according to the kinematics of the Atlantic ocean and a synthetic polar wander curve was given. Then, most of the paleomagnetic results from the Tethys mobile belt, from the Atlantic to the Pamirs, were analysed.Several groups of plates, microplates and blocks can be seen. First, relatively stable regions like Maghreb and Sicily, which have not moved much. Then we have a group formed by Iberia, Sardinia, Italy and, to a lesser extent, Corsica and the Western and Central Alps. For these blocks, movements are anticlockwise rotations chiefly driven by the anticlockwise rotation of Africa, but they are sometimes stronger.To the east, a major change takes place. The north of the Aegean Sea and the Ionian zone are clockwise rotated and these rotations are recent: Oligocene-Miocene for the first part, Pliocene to the present for the second part.A major problem arises in Turkey, Caucasus and Iran. Paleomagnetic results indicate a position far to the south of Eurasia, and, at the same time, geological evidence is in favour of a position close to Eurasia. We discuss these discrepancies.     

On the consistency of proposed models for the Pyrenees with the structure of the eastern parts of the belt

The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time.