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以天津软土地区某深基坑工程为背景,对基坑开挖过程中不同工况下支护桩深层水平位移、支护桩竖向位移、周边建筑竖向位移、周边地表竖向位移的现场监测数据进行归纳总结,分析其变化规律,对其所受到的时空效应的影响进行研究,研究结果表明:基坑开挖施工对支护桩及周边环境具有显著的时空效应影响,位移主要发生在土方开挖阶段,尤其是土方开挖阶段第三步,位移增量较大,变化速率较快,在基坑底板施工完成后,位移逐渐趋于稳定;支护桩深层水平位移呈现出"鼓肚"状变化趋势,位移最大值出现在开挖面附近;周边地表位移最大值点出现在距离基坑边6 m(即0.51H)位置处,位移变化曲线呈盆状,至基坑地下结构施工完成时,最大位移出现在DB2-3监测点,位移值为-22.7 mm,约为0.19H%;提出建议在基坑南侧和西侧采用桩锚支护结构取代原设计支护形式的优化措施,研究成果可为类似工程提供参考。 相似文献
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路堤下软土地基侧向位移与沉降关系分析研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
总结了软土地基下侧向位移的研究现状,从路堤中最大侧向位移和路中沉降之间的比例关系出发进行了分析研究。利用有限单元法,建立了路堤下软土地基的计算模型。计算结果表明,在路堤填筑期间最大侧向位移和路中沉降的增量大致相等,而在固结期两者的比例关系在0.14左右。不同的加载方式在数值上也有所不同。计算结果对路堤下地基侧向变形的计算分析具有一定的指导作用。 相似文献
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不同方式处理后软土地基侧向变形规律 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
高速公路建设期侧向位移的控制是评价路基变形的重要依据。依据四川省遂-资(遂宁至资阳)高速公路软基沉降变形观测的数据,通过对现场监测资料的分析,分别探讨西南地区软土路基经塑料排水板(PVD)、碎石桩处理后,路基侧向变形y与深度z,最大侧向变形增量△ym与地表沉降增量△SD,平均侧向变形量Sy与地表沉降量Sf的变化规律。 研究表明,(1)根据Boussinesq解答和实测数据得到路堤荷载作用面积下变形y随着深度z大致呈“S”形变化,近地表变化剧烈,随荷载增加最大侧向位移深度基本保持不变,土体最大侧向变形深度与路堤填筑高度无关,与土性有关;(2)经PVD处理后的软基在填筑期、预压期均有大量侧向位移发生,各占总位移量的50%,最大侧向位移深度在距离地表1.0~1.5 m处;(3)经碎石桩处理后软基侧向位移在填筑期已完成总位移量的75%~80%,总位移量明显小于PVD处理后软基侧向位移量,最大侧向位移深度在距离地表2.5~3.5 m处;(4)PVD处理软基在固结阶段△ym/△SD、Sy/Sf分别为0.15~0.30和0.10~0.20,大于填筑前期2~4倍,而碎石桩处理软基固结阶段△ym/△SD、Sy/Sf分别为0.10~0.15和0.03~0.05,各个阶段变化相当。 相似文献
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当前地基固结沉降计算中采用的分层总和法是不考虑土体侧向变形影响的,由此在实际工程中计算地基沉降时往往产生一定程度的误差。特别在软土地基中,由于其结构疏松,孔隙比大,在受到建筑物荷载作用时,所产生的水平变形较大,其引起的地基沉降是不容忽视的。基于这一事实,文章就目前软土侧向变形引起的附加沉降研究现状及地基沉降机理进行了相关研究,发现基于等体积模式考虑侧向变形的修正沉降公式,错误估计了侧向变形造成的地基沉降。为此,本文推导了非等体积模式下的沉降计算公式。通过实际地基沉降量计算及现场沉降监测数据对比分析,证明这一沉降计算公式更接近实际沉降量。该公式计算简单、物理意义明确,具有一定的推广应用价值。 相似文献
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有限单元法以其灵活性和精确性,成为固体地球科学中广为使用的数值方法。从短周期的地震活动到长周期的岩石圈变形、地幔对流,甚至行星演化,有限单元法几乎在固体地球科学的各个领域都占据着十分重要的位置。随着研究的深入,某些特定的地学问题给有限元计算带来挑战,尤其是岩石圈尺度大变形的数值计算,比如俯冲带的演化、剪切带中塑性流变导致的应力集中。基于显式有限元,尝试考虑粘弹塑性岩石圈大变形过程的数值计算。应用Marker-In-Cell(MIC)方法处理物质迁移。在描述基本原理和流程的基础上,对粘弹性变形、弹塑性变形、大变形过程及热传递过程等核心模块分别做了基准测试,而这四个模块是模拟岩石圈长期变形的关键。由测试结果和其他学者的(解析或数值)研究结果比对情况来看,受测试的核心模块基本达到了测试要求。可以预见,现有的基本算法可以满足研究岩石圈大变形的需要,进一步的具体研究工作将探讨这类问题。从科学问题层面讲,逐渐复杂的科学问题有利于数值模型的成熟。已达到基准测试的数值方法对下一步开展一些具体的地球动力学数值模拟研究有实际意义。 相似文献
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Deep excavations particularly in deep deposits of soft clay can cause excessive ground movements and result in damage to adjacent buildings. Extensive plane strain finite element analyses considering the small strain effect have been carried out to examine the wall deflections for excavations in soft clay deposits supported by retaining walls and bracing. The excavation geometry, soil strength and stiffness properties, and the wall stiffness were varied to study the wall deflection behavior. Based on these results, a simple Polynomial Regression (PR) model was developed for estimating the maximum wall deflection. Wall deflections computed by this method compare favorably with a number of field and published records. 相似文献
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盾构法施工隧道地层变形时空统一预测方法研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
从经典的Mindlin弹性理论公式出发,基于盾构施工工作面推力为圆形均布荷载、盾构外壁与土层的摩擦力均匀分布等假定的基础上,考虑盾构施工推进过程中盾构机位置不断变化的实际情况,建立了盾构施工推进过程的力学计算模型,由此推导了盾构推进工作面附加压力以及盾构机外壁与土层摩擦力作用下隧道周边任意位置地层变形的计算公式。基于随机介质理论,充分考虑隧道开挖施工引起的地层变形的时间和空间发展过程,推导了盾构推进地层损失引起的地层变形计算公式。通过工程实例计算,对盾构隧道施工地层变形的时空变化过程进行了研究,计算结果同实测结果具有良好的一致性。 相似文献
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Guohui Feng Changjie Xu Luju Liang Ming-wang Tey Min-liang Chi Shangqi Ge 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2023,47(1):54-81
Adjacent excavation may have a negative influence on the existing tunnel underneath. Thus, it is important to evaluate the response of the tunnel due to adjacent excavation. However, there is little report about using the Kerr foundation model to simulate the tunnel-soil interaction. Meanwhile, the Timoshenko beam, which can take the tunnel shearing effect into consideration, is more suitable to estimate the behavior of the tunnel. To simulate the interaction between soil and tunnel, the existing tunnel is simplified as a Timoshenko beam lying on the Kerr foundation model, and a simplified theoretical method is proposed to calculate the response of the existing tunnel induced by adjacent excavation. The proposed method is validated by two field case studies. Results indicate that the predictions given by the proposed method show great agreement with field measurements and it is more accurate to evaluate the tunnel-soil interaction compared with the previous method. The further parametric study shows that the relative position between excavation and tunnel, the ground Young's modulus, the depth of existing tunnel centerline, and length and width of excavation are both significant factors governing the tunnel response induced by adjacent excavation, while the influence of tunnel shear stiffness and skew between tunnel and excavation are slight. The proposed method can be applied to predict the potential risk of existing tunnels induced by adjacent excavation in relevant engineering projects. 相似文献
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深基坑工程变形控制及其影响因素的有限元分析 总被引:16,自引:1,他引:16
文中首先对深基坑工程变形控制进行了详细的论述,提出了基抗有效系数、有效区、失效区、临界线的新概念,同时提出了变形控制参考标准和经济有效的变形控制对策。简介了自制的深基坑工程变形控制优化设计及其有限元数值模拟系统(SDCDEFEM).利用该系统,对影响基坑变形的各因素进行了有限元数值模拟分析。得出了简明估算深基坑最大变形及其位置的统计关系式。 相似文献
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一种考虑挡土墙变形的深基坑非线性土压力方法 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
基于深基坑墙后主动区土体应变状态模式的假定,采用反映墙后主动区土体应力-应变性状的卸荷应力路径试验确定的应力-应变关系,建立考虑挡土墙变形的非线性土压力的计算公式;就该公式的特点、参数的物理意义及其确定进行讨论;并对一简单算例进行计算,计算结果能反映土压力与挡墙位移的非线性关系以及土压力沿深度的非线性分布,得到墙后主动区土体达到主动极限状态所需的位移与深度的关系,计算结果比较满意.表明所建立的方法的合理性、可行性和适用性. 相似文献
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One important consideration in the design of a braced excavation system is to ensure that the structural bracing system is designed both safely and economically. The forces acting on the struts are often determined using empirical methods such as the Apparent Pressure Diagram (APD) method developed by Peck (1969). Most of these empirical methods that were developed from either numerical analysis or field studies have been for excavations with flexible wall types such as sheetpile walls. There have been only limited studies on the excavation performance for stiffer wall systems such as diaphragm walls and bored piles. In this paper, both 2D and 3D finite element analyses were carried out to study the forces acting on the struts for braced excavations in clays, with focus on the performance for the stiffer wall systems. Subsequently, based on this numerical study as well as field measurements from a number of reported case histories, empirical charts have been proposed for determining strut loads for excavations in stiff wall systems. 相似文献
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This paper adopts the NGI-ADP soil model to carry out finite element analysis,based on which the effects of soft clay anisotropy on the diaphragm wall deflections in the braced excavation were evaluated.More than one thousand finite element cases were numerically analyzed,followed by extensive parametric studies.Surrogate models were developed via ensemble learning methods(ELMs),including the e Xtreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost),and Random Forest Regression(RFR)to predict the maximum lateral wall deformation(δhmax).Then the results of ELMs were compared with conventional soft computing methods such as Decision Tree Regression(DTR),Multilayer Perceptron Regression(MLPR),and Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines(MARS).This study presents a cutting-edge application of ensemble learning in geotechnical engineering and a reasonable methodology that allows engineers to determine the wall deflection in a fast,alternative way. 相似文献