动力固结法加固软土路基试验分析

通过对动力固结法加固的某软土路堤软土内的孔隙水压力增长与消散、软土的分层沉降、路堤的表层沉降和软土的深层水平位移的监测结果及静力触探和十字板剪切试验对地基加固效果的检测结果的分析说明,在一定的条件下,对某些淤泥及淤泥质土等软土路基采用该方法进行处理是可行的,并对其使用范围进行了说明。     

珠海平沙温泉道路深淤泥路基处理中的监控技术

通过珠海平沙温泉道路工程深淤泥路基处理中监测技术及成果，论述了科学有效的监控数据在深淤泥公路软土路基处理中的指导作用。     

软土地基的强夯处理

强夯对砂类土、填土、一般粘性土等地基的加固处理,国内外已获得较好的效果。对软土,特别是淤泥、淤泥质粘性土,它具有高压缩性,低强度和弱透水性等特点。能否采用强夯法来加固软土地基,这是建筑工程界很关心的问题。我院在结合某工程的设计中,对软土     

高压旋喷桩在软土地基加固中的应用

根据对沪宁高速公路某桥桥头软土地基不均匀沉降进行的加固处理,分析了高压旋喷加固方法处理软土地基的可行性。经过通车后的使用,加固效果明显,可以应用于已建高速公路的路基加固工程。     

Laplace变换解双层地基固结问题

连云港地区的软土是海相淤泥和淤泥质土.在连云港软土地区修筑高速公路时,通常采用水泥土搅拌桩地基处理方法使路基强度和变形满足工程的要求.该类软土压缩沉降量大,排水固结缓慢,地基稳定性差,造成高速公路建设中及建成后工程问题频繁出现.从江苏海相软土的工程实例出发,将经水泥土搅拌桩处理后的高速公路路基简化为双层地基,借助Laplace变换求解了二级加荷下的双层地基一维固结问题,为克服对固结方程进行Laplace逆变换的困难,在Laplace逆变换中运用Stehfest算法进行数值求解,该双层地基固结沉降计算结果与实际观测数据基本一致.     

土工格栅在治理软土路基沉降问题中的研究

对土工格栅在治理某高速公路软土地基的沉降问题进行了研究,介绍了加固软土路基的处理方法和治理机理,并采用有限元分析方法,对处理后的路基沉降进行了计算,所得结果与实测沉降值偏差较小,证明本研究采用的计算理论和结构模型以及编写的程序是正确的。     

潮汐作用下淤泥路基固结变形特性研究

淤泥类软土的广泛分布是沿海地区高速公路建设中普遍遇到的岩土工程问题。海滩区淤泥长期受周期性的波浪和潮汐作用,在淤泥路基排水固结处理前,为便于施工,一般在两侧填筑围堰,并修建反压护道,波浪作用被阻隔,而潮汐通过排水层进入淤泥路基顶面,对淤泥路基的排水固结过程产生重要影响。基于海滩区淤泥路基中反压护道和潮汐的作用,建立了平面应变砂墙路基有限元计算模型。根据现场实测资料反算砂井路基水平渗透系数,并将三维砂井路基转换成平面应变砂墙路基,确定了转换后的等效渗透系数。计算结果表明潮汐、反压护道等对淤泥路基排水固结过程有显著影响。     

短程超载真空预压动力排水固结法加固深厚淤泥软基工法研究

针对沿海地区深厚淤泥软土的特点和工程建设时效性的要求,本文在总结软土排水固结S-T曲线规律的基础上提出应用短程超载真空预压动力排水固结法加固深厚淤泥的方法,发现深厚淤泥软土在真空负压、超载正压和动力冲击三者优化组合的作用下,主固结沉降可在短时间内完成,土体强度提高的同时地表吹填土在动力冲击作用下形成超固结的硬壳层。深厚淤泥软土加固后能够满足地基承载力的要求并且能够有效控制工后沉降和不均匀沉降。并通过工程实例,对地基处理后的效果进行分析评价,证明了该工法的可行性和有效性,为沿海地区广泛分布的深厚淤泥软土地基的加固提供了新的途径。     

深厚海相软土临河公路扩建地基处理方法探讨

针对临河段扩建公路,其主要特点是道路拓宽占用了原河道,公路拓宽部分的地基为深厚海相软土以及淤泥层与基岩风化层倾斜相交,需要加固处理。同时,软土地基处理后,对侧河岸需要改移外扩开挖,这会对地基处理效果产生不良影响,因此需要慎重选择地基处理方法。本文借助ABAQUS有限元软件和现场实测数据,对双向粉喷桩和预制方桩的经济性和处理效果进行比较,结果表明:（1）双向粉喷桩联合塑料排水板处理深厚海相软土层优于常规粉喷桩;（2）双向粉喷桩处理淤泥层与基岩风化层倾斜相交时,桩体某深度处将产生明显的滑移剪切面,而预制方桩处理不会出现该情况,因此,当淤泥层与基岩风化层倾斜相交时,应选择预制方桩处理。     

山涧软土的流变工程特性试验研究

山涧软土是广泛分布于山谷和沟壑之中软弱土层,其变形特性对路基的沉降有直接影响。现场取样后借助多种室内试验手段,对衡-炎高速公路部分路段的软土进行室内流变试验,对流变曲线进行分析,找出了符合山涧软土流变特性的几个流变本构模型,并通过待定系数法求得模型参数。山涧软土的流变的规律为：砂质山涧软土的蠕变处于衰减稳定的相对应力范围比较大,砂质山涧软土的流变特性最不明显,在近似情况下,可以不考虑流变;淤泥质山涧软土蠕变曲线的形式随着应力水平的变化比较剧烈,随着应力水平的提高,等速蠕变曲线的斜率越来越大;粉质山涧软土的不同应力水平的等速蠕变曲线几乎具有相同的斜率,而且每一级应力水平下的蠕变变形也较小。因此研究淤泥质山涧软土的流变特性最为重要,在研究山涧软土的流变特性时,应以淤泥质软土为重点。研究成果可对路基填筑过程中山涧软土的处理和路基工后沉降评估提供参考。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861