浙江景宁岩体岩石地球化学特征与LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb 年龄

浙江景宁岩体位于中国东南沿海大陆边缘活动带,受丽水—余姚断裂控制,呈近南北向展布,主要岩石类型为二长花岗岩、花岗岩和闪长岩。对景宁岩体中的二长花岗岩和花岗岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年及岩石地球化学分析。研究结果显示,二长花岗岩和花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为121.3±0.3Ma和111.0±0.7Ma。岩体的岩石地球化学成分显示出富硅、富碱、低镁的特征,铝饱和指数介于1.01~1.09之间,分异指数为84.85~96.35,轻重稀土元素分馏显著,具有明显的负Eu异常,属于典型的弱过铝质高分异I型花岗岩。综合年代学和岩石地球化学特征,认为景宁岩体是早白垩世晚期岩石圈大规模伸展构造背景下地壳部分熔融的产物。     

Geochronological and geochemical constraints on the petrogenesis of late Mesoproterozoic mafic and granitic rocks in the southwestern Yangtze Block

Late Mesoproterozoic igneous rocks in the SW Yangtze Block are important for understanding the role of it in reconstruction of the Rodinia supercontinent.In the present study,we report new geochronological,geochemical,and Nd-Hf isotopic data for the Cuoke plagioclase amphibolites and granites in the SW Yangtze Block.Geochronological results show that the plagioclase amphibolites and granites have similar late Mesoproterozoic zircon U-Pb ages of 1168-1162 Ma,constituting a bimodal igneous assemblage.The plagioclase amphibolites have high and variable TiO2 contents(1.15-4.30 wt.%)and Mg#(34-66)values,similar to the tholeiitic series.They are characterized by enrichment in LREEs and LILEs,and have OIB-like affinities with positive Nb and Ta anomalies.The plagioclase amphibolites have positive whole-rockεNd(t)(+3.2 to+4.3)and zirconεHf(t)(+4.3 to+10.7)values,indicating that they were derived from an OIB-like asthenospheric mantle source.The granites belong to the reduced peralkaline A-type series and have negativeεNd(t)value of-6.0 andεHf(t)values of-5.8 to-13.8,indicating a derivation from the partial melting of ancient mafic lower crust.In combination with the~1.05-1.02 Ga bimodal igneous assemblage in the SW Yangtze Block,we propose that the Cuoke 1168-1162 Ma igneous rocks were likely formed in a continental rift basin and argue against the existance of Grenvillian Orogen in the SW Yangtze Block during the late Mesoproterozoic.     

Geochronological and geochemical study of mafic dykes from the northwest Chinese Altai: Implications for petrogenesis and tectonic evolution

Fifteen zircons separated from a mafic dyke in the Chinese Altai give a concordant age population with a weighted mean ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U age of 375.5 ± 4.8 Ma, suggesting a Devonian emplacement. On the basis of their mineralogical compositions and textures, the coeval dykes can be divided into gabbroic and doleritic types. They are both sub-alkaline, tholeiitic, characterized by similarly low SiO₂ contents (45.2–52.7 wt.%) and total alkaline (K₂O + Na₂O = 0.99–4.93 wt.%). Rare earth element patterns of the gabbroic dykes are similar to N-MORB (La/Yb_N = 0.86–1.1), together with their high ε_Nd(t) values (+ 7.6 to + 8.1), indicating that their precursor magma was mainly derived from a N-MORB-type depleted asthenospheric mantle. While the REE patterns of the doleritic dykes resemble that of E-MORB (La/Yb_N = 1.12–2.28), enriched in LILEs and strongly depleted in HFSEs, with relative low ε_Nd(t) values (+ 3.4 to + 5.4) and high initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios (0.7057–0.7060). The zircon Hf isotopic analysis of the doleritic dykes give ε_Hf(t) values from + 10.7 to + 13.8. These signatures suggest that a depleted mantle wedge metasomatized by slab-derived fluids and/or melts was possibly involved in the generation of the doleritic magma. The refractory peridotite may have been melted with variable degrees caused by upwelling of the hot asthenosphere. The petrogenesis of the mafic dykes suggest a high heat flux as a result of upwelling of the hot asthenosphere and the contrast geochemical signatures can be interpreted by a ridge subduction, which could be an important tectonic control in the accretionary process of the Chinese Altai.     

Geochronological and geochemical study of mafic dykes from the northwest Chinese Altai: Implications for petrogenesis and tectonic evolution

Fifteen zircons separated from a mafic dyke in the Chinese Altai give a concordant age population with a weighted mean ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U age of 375.5 ± 4.8 Ma, suggesting a Devonian emplacement. On the basis of their mineralogical compositions and textures, the coeval dykes can be divided into gabbroic and doleritic types. They are both sub-alkaline, tholeiitic, characterized by similarly low SiO₂ contents (45.2–52.7 wt.%) and total alkaline (K₂O + Na₂O = 0.99–4.93 wt.%). Rare earth element patterns of the gabbroic dykes are similar to N-MORB (La/Yb_N = 0.86–1.1), together with their high ε_Nd(t) values (+ 7.6 to + 8.1), indicating that their precursor magma was mainly derived from a N-MORB-type depleted asthenospheric mantle. While the REE patterns of the doleritic dykes resemble that of E-MORB (La/Yb_N = 1.12–2.28), enriched in LILEs and strongly depleted in HFSEs, with relative low ε_Nd(t) values (+ 3.4 to + 5.4) and high initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios (0.7057–0.7060). The zircon Hf isotopic analysis of the doleritic dykes give ε_Hf(t) values from + 10.7 to + 13.8. These signatures suggest that a depleted mantle wedge metasomatized by slab-derived fluids and/or melts was possibly involved in the generation of the doleritic magma. The refractory peridotite may have been melted with variable degrees caused by upwelling of the hot asthenosphere. The petrogenesis of the mafic dykes suggest a high heat flux as a result of upwelling of the hot asthenosphere and the contrast geochemical signatures can be interpreted by a ridge subduction, which could be an important tectonic control in the accretionary process of the Chinese Altai.     

Geochronological and geochemical characteristics of fractionated I-type granites associated with the skarn mineralization in the Sangan mining region,NE Iran

The Sangan mining region, which has a proven reserve of approximately 1000 Mt of 53% iron ore, is located in the Khaf-Kashmar-Bardeskan volcano-plutonic belt in northeastern Iran. The geological units in the eastern zone of the Sangan region consist of Precambrian schists, Jurassic sedimentary rocks and Tertiary subvolcanic granitoid intrusions. Iron skarn mineralization consists of stratiform and massive bodies in the carbonate rocks that are adjacent to the granitoid intrusions. Detailed field mapping revealed that 39-Ma syenitic intrusive bodies in the western and central zones of the Sangan region were the main sources of heat and fluid for the iron mineralization.A Mid-Cenozoic biotite granite pluton is associated with the eastern anomalies. However, field relationships suggested that this pluton is not the source of the metals, heat or fluids that were responsible for the iron mineralization. This pluton is rich in silica (SiO₂ contents from 66.4 to 79.1 wt%) and is characterized by high-K series with metaluminous to slightly peraluminous affinity.Geochronological (U-Pb zircon method) and geochemical data, including major and trace elements and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes, define the complex origin of these plutons, which consist of alkaline granitoids that appear to be A-type in character but also show I-type affinity.New geochemical and isotopic data from plutons in the eastern anomalies and data from previous studies of the western and central anomalies and the southeastern intrusive rocks in the Sangan region show that these plutons have close affiliation with lower to upper crust-derived melts and were largely modified into highly fractionated I-type granite. These rocks were derived from and emplaced by varying degrees of partial melting during the Middle Eocene (Bartonian to Lutetian, 38.3–43.9 Ma) from a crustal protolith in a normal to mature volcanic continental arc setting.The Sangan granitoids were produced from crustal assimilation by a heat source from mantle melts, which are associated with the Kashmar-Neotethyan slab that subducted under Eurasia. The Khaf-Kashmar-Bardeskan igneous rocks reflect an active Cenozoic plate margin that was related to the closure of the Kashmar-Neotethyan Sea between the Lut and Eurasia blocks because of the continuous convergence between the Arabian and Iran plates during the Late Cretaceous–Early Paleocene.     

陈蔡岩群下河图斜长角闪岩年代学、地球化学特征及其构造意义

浙江诸暨市下河图村的陈蔡岩群中出露一套斜长角闪岩,空间上与块状大理岩相伴产出。地球化学研究表明,下河图斜长角闪岩SiO_2含量为43.22%~46.56%,MgO为3.23%~7.87%,TiO_2为1.90%~2.98%,与碱性洋岛玄武岩特征类似。稀土元素总量为114.47×10~(-6)~192.39×10~(-6),(La/Yb)N为5.93~12.13,稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分模式为轻稀土元素富集的右倾型;原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图表现出向上隆起的富集形态,微量元素特征表明其可能形成于洋岛构造环境,陆壳物质对其混染的可能性较小,岩石成分主要受熔融源区控制。推测下河图斜长角闪岩原岩很可能形成于靠近消减带的海山环境,来源于洋壳俯冲过程中增生的海山碎片,陈蔡岩群很可能为一套俯冲增生杂岩。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb法获得斜长角闪岩变质年龄为420.6±1.8 Ma,可能代表了扬子和华夏两大地块碰撞拼合的时代。     

Geochronological and geochemical characteristics and geological significance of the monzogranite in Xiarihamu area of East Kunlun

The Early Devonian monzogranite was reported for the first time in Xiarihamu area of East Kunlun, so the authors investigated its geochronological and geochemical characteristics to further explore the petrogensis and tectonic setting. The U-Pb of zircon age of the monzogranite is (412.1 ± 5.7) Ma (MSWD = 0.95), which formed in early Early Devonian, and the monzogranite belongs to slightly peraluminous subalkaline series. The monzogranite is characterized by high SiO₂ (71.41% ~ 72.46%) and K₂O (5.27% ~ 6.16%), low Fe₂O₃(1.86% ~ 2.05%) and P₂O₅(0.08% ~ 0.12%), and high LREE with obvious negative Eu anomalies. Rb, Th, Zr and Hf are obviously enriched, while Nb, Sr, P, Ti and Ba are strongly depleted on the primitive mantle-normalized trace element spider diagram. The monzogranite in Xiarihamu area belongs to I-type granite, and the magma of the source rock may come from the partial melting of the lower crust materials caused by the underplating heating of mantle-derived magma. The monzogranite was formed in the tectonic environment of syn-collision converting to post-collision, suggesting that Xiarihamu area of East Kunlun had been in the post-orogenic extension stage since early Early Devonian.     

长白山新生代火山岩之下新太古代基底年代学及地球化学特征

对长白山第四系玄武岩覆盖区零星出露的花岗质岩石和片麻岩进行LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb年龄测定及地球化学分析,结果显示花岗质岩石的年龄为2 509~2 558 Ma;斜长角闪片麻岩的年龄为2 475~2 553 Ma。地球化学特征上,这些岩石均属奥长花岗岩-英云闪长岩-石英闪长岩系列(TTG),稀土元素配分模式图呈右倾型,轻重稀土元素分馏明显(LREE/HREE=3.85~34.48),白云母二长花岗岩具有铕的负异常(δEu=0.41~0.54),富集Rb、K、Th等元素,亏损Nb、Sr、P、Ti等元素;黑云斜长角闪石片麻岩具有铕负异常(δEu=0.67~0.76),富集Rb、K、La、Nd等元素,亏损Th、Nb、Sr、P、Yb等元素;花岗质片麻岩和黑云斜长片麻岩具有铕的弱负-正异常(δEu=0.87~3.3),富集Rb、K、Sr等元素,亏损Nb、Th、P等元素。年代学和地球化学特征与白山地块和和龙地块中的同类岩石基本一致,表明白山地块与和龙地块在晚太古代是同一个陆块(龙岗陆块),二者目前的分布格局是后期北东向左行断裂构造改造的结果。     

新疆喀拉通克镁铁质岩体群的岩石成因研究

喀拉通克镁铁质岩体群位于准噶尔板块北缘,由13个小岩体组成。主要岩石类型为方辉橄榄岩、橄榄苏长岩、辉长苏长岩、辉长岩、淡色辉长岩、辉长闪长岩等。主要造岩矿物为贵橄榄石、普通辉石、紫苏辉石、斜长石和数量较多的褐色普通角闪石、黑云母等。主量元素分属钙碱性系列、岛弧拉斑玄武岩系列和具有MORB属性的拉斑玄武岩系列。大多数样品具有高LREE/HREE比值、富集大离子亲石元素,相对亏损高场强元素（Nb、Ta、Ti）。ε_Nd(t)=＋6.2~＋8.2,4件样品的ε_Sr(t)=-0.6~-36.3,另有1件样品为+36.5;(²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb) _i=17.784~18.008,(²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb) _i=15.400~15.555,(²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb) _i=36.973~37.560。元素地球化学和Nd、Sr、Pb、Os、O、S同位素体系证明,岩浆仅在局部遭受了同化混染作用。原生岩浆为高镁的拉斑玄武岩浆（MgO=11.6%）。岩浆在上侵和运移过程中经历了以单斜辉石为主的暗色矿物的广泛分离结晶作用和斜长石的凝聚,导致了淡色辉长岩的广泛分布和超镁铁岩的严重缺失。岩浆源区由被消减板片交代的地幔楔物质和软流圈地幔物质组成,因而富集不相容元素和水,并因交代作用与岩浆生成的时差短,而保持放射成因同位素的亏损状态。在岩石圈根部拆沉和软流圈地幔上涌过程中生成了喀拉通克镁铁质岩体群。     

内蒙古横峦山组类高镁安山岩年代学及地球化学特征

横峦山组火山岩主要分布在红柳河—牛圈子—洗肠井缝合线南部红山头一带。通过锆石同位素测年及岩石地球化学分析等方法对横栾山组火山岩进行研究,结果显示: 该组火山岩富集LREE,亏损HREE,无明显的负铕异常,稀土配分形式与日本Setouchi火山岩带中典型高镁安山岩类似。此外,该火山岩具较高的MgO含量(2.85%~4.13%)和较低的FeO^T/MgO比值( FeO^T/MgO=0.75~1.2<1.5),Al₂O₃含量介于5.59%~17.15%,CaO含量小于10% (5.97%~8.30%)。其岩石地球化学具有类高镁安山岩的特征,因此认为横峦山组火山岩形成于北山洋早期洋壳俯冲环境。横峦山组火山岩的锆石U-Pb测年结果为(453.5±2.7) Ma,代表着北山地区在晚奥陶世早期北山洋已经开始发生俯冲。     

东昆仑夏日哈木地区二长花岗岩年代学、地球化学特征及地质意义

东昆仑夏日哈木地区首次发现了早泥盆世二长花岗岩,对其开展年代学和地球化学特征研究,进一步探讨其岩石成因和构造地质背景.二长花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄为(412.1±5.7)Ma(MSWD=0.95),形成于早泥盆世早期;岩石为过弱铝质亚碱性花岗岩,富SiO2(含量为71.41%~72.46%)、K2 O(含量为5.27%~6.16%),贫Fe2O3(含量为1.86%~2.05%)、P2O5(含量为0.08%~0.12%),富集轻稀土元素,具明显的负Eu异常;在原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图上可以看出,岩石明显富集Rb、Th、Zr、Hf,强烈亏损Nb、Sr、P、Ti、Ba.夏日哈木地区二长花岗岩属于I型花岗岩,其源岩可能由幔源岩浆底侵加热下地壳岩石致其部分熔融而形成,处于由同碰撞向后碰撞转换的构造环境,说明东昆仑夏日哈木地区在早泥盆世早期已进入伸展阶段.     

华北克拉通孔兹岩带中段大青山-乌拉山变质杂岩立甲子基性麻粒岩年代学及地球化学研究

大青山-乌拉山变质杂岩立甲子基性麻粒岩主要由角闪二辉麻粒岩、含榴角闪二辉麻粒岩和黑云角闪二辉麻粒岩所组成,并以变形岩墙和不规则透镜体形式赋存于富铝片麻岩和花岗质片麻岩之中.立甲子基性麻粒岩中变质锆石含有单斜辉石(Cpx)+角闪石(Amp)+斜长石(Pl)+磷灰石(Ap)的包体矿物,与寄主岩石——基性麻粒岩矿物组合及其化学成分十分一致,相应的207 pb/206 Pb表面年龄变化于1933±39Ma ～ 1834±40Ma,加权平均年龄为1892±7Ma(MSWD =0.50,n=46),应代表立甲子基性麻粒岩原岩经历中低压麻粒岩相的变质时代.在变质过程中,以大离子亲石元素(K、Na、Sr、Rb)为代表的活动元素发生了显著的改变;而高场强元素(Nb、Zr、Ti)和稀土元素基本无变化,保持稳定.立甲子基性麻粒岩原岩属于拉斑玄武质岩石系列,其SiO2集中变化于45.58％ ～51.40％,Mg#值集中介于41 ～54之间;在球粒陨石标准化稀土配分图中,立甲子基性麻粒岩具有平坦型的稀土配分曲线特征((La/Yb)cN=1.30～1.51),Eu异常不明显(Eu/Eu*=0.93～1.04).与显生宙岛孤拉斑玄武岩类似,立甲子基性麻粒岩所有样品皆具有Nb、Zr、Ti负异常特征.综合分析认为,立甲子基性麻粒岩原岩形成于2450～1930Ma,并于～1900Ma经历中低压麻粒岩相变质作用的改造,其主量元素和微量元素组成具有岛弧拉斑玄武质岩石的地球化学特征,其原岩可能是板块汇聚动力学背景下,岛弧构造环境中形成的辉长岩或辉绿岩.     

晚古生代古亚洲洋俯冲作用:来自珲春前山镁铁质侵入岩的年代学和地球化学记录

珲春地区前山镁铁质侵入岩主要由橄榄辉长岩、苏长岩和辉长闪长岩组成,形成年龄273±2Ma,为早二叠世侵入岩。该岩体显示出岛弧拉斑玄武岩的元素地球化学特征,弱富集LREE且正Eu(Eu/Eu*=1.05～1.44)异常的REE配分模式,在不相容元素中富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)如Ba和Sr,亏损高场强元素(HFSE)(La/Nb=2.8～4.8;Zr/Sm=8.0～22.5),与起源于流体交代地幔楔部分熔融的岛弧低钾拉斑玄武岩类似。在同位素特征上低放射成因Sr,高放射成因Nd和Hf(87Sr/86Sr(i)=0.70295～0.70375;εNd(t)=+4.5～+6.4;εHf(t)=+9.6～+14.6),反映其来源于同位素组成亏损的交代地幔。结合区域地质背景,我们认为前山镁铁质岩形成于晚古生代期间古亚洲洋向华北板块的俯冲作用背景,其亏损Nb-Ta、Zr-Hf及Hf-Nd同位素解耦特点说明该岩体最有可能来源于俯冲流体交代的地幔楔。     

湘东南中生代花岗闪长质小岩体的岩石地球化学特征

湘东南花岗闪长质岩石以高K2O/Na2O,K2O+Na2O>6.0%为特征,属高钾钙碱性系列岩石,其形成主要受部分熔融作用制约;岩石稀土元素富集,铕负异常不明显,δEu=0.71～0.89;富集大离子亲石元素,Nb-Ta亏损,P、Ti或亏损或不亏损,具岛弧型岩浆作用微量元素分配模式,属板内钾质岩石,源区可能存在早期俯冲组分改造的岩石圈富集地幔组分,或是源于软流圈的岩浆与中下地壳混合作用的产物;其形成与该带中生代早期岩石圈的伸展-减薄作用有关。     

赣西北基性岩脉的地质地球化学特征及其意义

对赣西北三个地区基性岩脉的地质地球化学特征进行了研究，并初步讨论了基性脉岩的成岩方式和源区性质。基性岩脉包括闪斜煌斑岩，辉绿岩和橄榄录玢岩。微量元素相对富集大离子亲石元素，而亏损高场强元素，具有Nb,Ta和Ti异常。武山煌班岩稀土元素总量高，明显富集轻;益口辉绿岩稀土元素总量低，略微富集轻稀土元素，上高橄榄辉绿玢岩介于两者之间，三者都无明显的铕异常，结合基性脉岩的地球化学分析可知，三者的岩石化学变化受到部分熔融和分离结晶所控制，武山煌斑岩和上高橄榄辉绿玢岩明显发生分离结晶作用，而隘口辉绿岩主要受部分熔融作用影响。其源区可能为与俯冲流体有关的富集地幔，有待于进一步研究。     

上乱泥塘地区化探异常特征

1∶5万区域化探成果显示,上乱泥塘地区出现规模较大的以金异常为主的化探综合异常,异常面积大,强度高,元素组合复杂,异常区主要地层为老岭群大栗子组。经1∶2万土壤测量,在该区共圈出综合异常25处,多以金异常为主,其中Ht-20号异常与已知金铁矿体完全吻合,说明了化探方法在该区寻找金铁矿体的有效性,也反映出该区的找矿潜力。