北特鲁瓦油田石炭系KT-I层碳酸盐岩储层沉积—成岩作用与孔隙演化

正碳酸盐岩储层具有丰富多样的孔隙类型,沉积—成岩作用在其中扮演了重要角色,且对储层物性具有深远的影响。深入分析碳酸盐岩储层经历的不同期次、类型的成岩作用,明确储集岩空隙的形成、演化、规模和时空分布规律,对于碳酸盐岩油气储层的勘探开发具有重要的理论意义和实践价值。北特鲁瓦油田位于滨里海盆地东缘,其石炭系KT-I层主要发育局限台地和开阔台地沉积环境,从沉积至今经历了多期次多类型成岩作用的影响,并     

川东北元坝地区侏罗系陆相页岩天然裂缝发育特征及其对页岩油气富集和保存的影响

川东北元坝地区陆相页岩中天然裂缝发育,是影响页岩油气富集和保存的关键因素。本文依据岩心、镜下薄片和扫描电镜等资料研究该区侏罗系大安寨段和千佛崖组页岩层系天然裂缝的发育分布特征,探讨裂缝对页岩油气富集和保存的影响。结果表明,侏罗系页岩中主要发育构造裂缝、层理缝、穿层水力破裂缝和收缩缝,其中构造裂缝包括穿层剪切缝、顺层剪切缝和层内张开缝,层理缝是页岩中最为发育的天然裂缝,线密度介于66～357条/m之间,平均为188条/m。层理缝和收缩缝既是页岩油气的储集空间也是运移通道,改善了页岩的储集性能,有利于页岩油气的富集。构造裂缝、穿层水力破裂缝与层理缝相互连通形成的宏观裂缝网络是页岩油气排放的通道,对大安寨段页岩气的逸散影响较大,对千佛崖组页岩油的保存条件影响较小。研究成果可为四川盆地陆相页岩油气勘探开发提供基础性参考依据。     

玛北斜坡三叠系百口泉组储集层特征及控制因素

正玛北油田位于准噶尔盆地环玛湖凹陷北斜坡带,处于西北缘断阶带的下盘位置~([1-3]),三叠系百口泉组百二段是本区的主要含油层段。玛湖凹陷三叠系百口泉组砾岩、砂砾岩储集层发育,是西北缘油气勘探及获得效益储量的重要目的层。玛北油田百口泉组储集层的孔隙度平均值一般小于10%,渗透率多小于5×10~(-3)μm~2,为典型的低孔低渗储集层。本文通过对玛北油田百口泉组砂砾岩储集层的岩石学特征、物性及储集层控制因素等方面进行研     

哈萨克斯坦北特鲁瓦油田石炭系碳酸盐岩储层测井评价

哈萨克斯坦北特鲁瓦油田石炭系碳酸盐岩储层受沉积作用、构造作用和差异成岩作用等影响,储层岩性复杂、储集空间多样、基质物性较差、测井响应复杂,使得该类储层在岩性识别、储层参数计算和流体性质识别等方面遇到了许多困难.针对北特鲁瓦油田复杂碳酸盐岩储层测井评价中存在的问题,在大量岩心观察、薄片分析的基础上,通过碳酸盐岩储层最优化...     

迪北气田三维探区下侏罗统阿合组裂缝定量预测

塔里木盆地库车坳陷的下侏罗统阿合组低孔低渗砂岩是迪北气田的主要油气储集层,构造裂缝作为油气运移通道和储集空间,其发育特征和分布规律是制约油气勘探开发的关键。本次研究采用迪北气田最新的三维构造图,考虑区域地质背景、地层起伏、断层分布等诸多因素,将目的层下侏罗统阿合组分为3段,基于实测岩石力学参数,利用三维弹性有限元数值模拟方法,计算获得的库车坳陷新近纪构造应力场的大小、方向与实测应力感数据比较吻合。以此构造应力场为基础,在迪北地区11口井的约束下,用岩石破裂值和应变能密度构建起的“二元法”对阿合组每一层段的裂缝密度分布规律进行预测。结果表明：平面上,迪北斜坡带的依南2-迪西1-迪北104区域、迪北101-依南5以南区域和吐孜1井以西-吐孜3井以北的区域为裂缝相对发育区;垂向上,阿合组中下段要比上段裂缝更为发育。该构造裂缝预测结果对迪北气田致密砂岩储层的勘探开发提供了新的参考依据。     

青西油田下沟组构造裂缝发育特征与分布预测

青西油田下白垩统下沟组低孔低渗泥云岩是该区主要的储集层,其中构造裂缝是油气渗流的重要通道和储集空间。本次研究首先基于岩心及成像测井资料分析和构造裂缝的发育特征,然后在岩石力学参数测试的基础上,考虑断层对构造裂缝形成的影响,采用三维有限元法对青西油田主要裂缝形成期的古构造应力场进行数值模拟,并预测出青西油田下白垩统下沟组构造裂缝的分布规律。预测结果表明:在青西油田的东部和西部存在两个构造裂缝发育区,尤其是在窿10井和柳102井等附近,构造裂缝较为发育,而中部地区构造裂缝相对不发育。本次研究可为该区下沟组构造裂缝评价和油气勘探提供新的地质依据和指导。     

延长油田东北部延长组宏观天然裂缝古地磁定向分析

延长油田东北部三叠系延长组长6油层组为典型的特低渗碎屑岩储层,普遍发育天然裂缝,裂缝发育程度及方向是油田注水开发井网部署的关键考虑因素。引进岩心样品古地磁测定技术确定裂缝方位,为注采井网部署提供依据。研究认为,裂缝形成时期主要为燕山期和喜山期,燕山期裂缝主要为EW、SN向区域裂缝,喜山期裂缝则主要为NE向裂缝;长6油层裂缝以构造裂缝为主,主要发育高角度张性垂直缝,裂缝有开启、半开启、闭合多种形态;裂缝主要以北东方向为主,约占58%;北西方向次之,约占33%;东西与南北方向裂缝各一条,占8%。     

塔里木盆地英买力凸起南部寒武系褶皱的地质属性及其油气成藏条件分析

传统上,塔北隆起英买力凸起南部多个寒武系大型异常体被认为是中寒武统盐构造的反映。笔者研究发现这些大型异常体的解译有一定的多解性。分析认为,构造的主体存在碳酸盐岩生物建隆块体的可能,后期被断裂复杂化形成大型叠置复合褶皱。寒武系褶皱内幕的断层和裂缝极其发育,大大改善了寒武系白云岩储层物性,有利于油气聚集;基底断裂发育,能有效沟通油源;中寒武统泥岩或含膏泥岩形成良好的盖层,封闭条件良好;综合分析认为英买力南部寒武系大型构造具备优越的油气成藏和保存条件,有利于形成大中型油气田,是塔里木盆地潜在的油气勘探新领域。     

鄂尔多斯盆地西南部上古生界储层裂缝研究

裂缝的发育不仅可以提高基质渗透率,增大油气产量,而且可能成为油气二次运移的主要通道,因此定量评价储层(尤其是致密砂岩储层)的裂缝频率、发育规模和空间分布是十分必要的,通过岩心观察、薄片分析及测井资料解释等表明,研究区盒8、山1、山2段裂缝较为发育,以水平裂缝和高角度近垂直裂缝为主;约90%的裂缝为有效裂缝,显示气层或干层;约30%的裂缝产出层段为气层和含气层,可见宏观裂缝的发育为油气富集提供了良好的运移通道。成像测井显示,研究区微裂缝发育也较为广泛,以垂直裂缝为主,为天然气向上运移提供了通道。     

歧南凹陷下第三系成岩阶段划分

歧口凹陷位于渤海湾盆地黄骅坳陷中部,以南大港断裂带为界,分为歧北凹陷和歧南凹陷两个次级构造单元。新生界从下到上发育下第三系、上第三系和第四系。下第三系生、储油层发育,是主要的勘探目标层段。歧口凹陷已发现的油田大多分布在歧北凹陷,且以中、浅层居多。随着歧南凹陷油气勘探的突破,“十五”期间中国石油天然气股份有限     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861