物化探在某金矿上的应用

我队于63年开始在某金矿进行地质勘探工作,同时投入了物化探方法。通过试验和面积性生产,初步摸到不同类型金矿床上物化探找矿方法。提出来供参考。一、地质概述矿区内出露的皆为古老地层(图1),前震旦系片麻岩构成本区褶皱基底,震且系地层为盖层。其岩     

河南省祁雨沟地区金矿物探找矿方法应用研究

通过以祁雨沟地区爆破角岩型金矿和构造破碎蚀变岩型金矿物探工作的综合分析，结合地质、物化探工作，提出了在该区寻找这两种类型金矿（脉）的找矿标志和工作方法。利用已知矿区的勘查验证结果，结合地物化异常标志，对矿区外围的找矿工作提出了建议。     

威海罗家地区金矿地质特征及找矿方向

罗家金矿为中低温热液黄铁绢英岩型金矿床。矿区NNE向断裂与其他方向断裂交会部位及其附近为金矿有利成矿部位,矿床具分带现象,花岗细晶岩脉与成矿关系密切。矿石类型以黄铁绢英岩型为主,含金石英脉型次之,矿石含金品位较高,并伴生较高的Ag,Cu等有益元素。通过对金矿床的地质特征、控矿因素及矿床成因的研究,在分析找矿标志的基础上,提出应进一步查证物化探异常,加大矿区深部及外围的找矿力度,以期发现新的金矿体。     

西天山博故图金矿床地质特征和资源潜力预测

化探普查在西天山伊什基里克山东部发现一巨大金地球化学块体,对Au异常查证和评价发现了博故图金矿。金矿产于下石炭统大哈拉军山组地层中,赋矿岩石为流纹质火山碎屑岩、次火山岩和辉绿岩,金矿化与硅化、黄铁矿化关系密切。金矿体主要受区域大断裂及其次级断裂构造控制,与围岩无专属性,成因类型为浅成低温热液型。为查明金矿特征和成矿规律、扩大资源量,开展了地质、物化探综合方法找矿,在Ⅰ号矿区及东部邻区,激电测量和高精度磁测量发现多处异常,钻探验证发现了多条隐伏工业矿体,金资源量达大型。勘查结果表明博故图金矿区有很好找矿远景,找矿潜力巨大。     

山东招远玲南金矿成矿构造体系及其控矿机制

笔者立足于区域地质构造整体格局,对研究区不同级别断裂进行系统观察及产状测量,对矿区各断裂级别、性质以及控矿作用大小进行系统研究,进而探索破头青断裂带及其形成机制、矿床成因和构造-矿化网络时空演变过程,构建本区控矿构造格架;结合探采资料研究了金矿断裂构造与成矿之间的关系,确定本区成矿有利地段,为下步探矿工作部署、实现找矿...     

鲜水河地区模糊聚类分析和金矿带的划分

四川西部鲜水河地区出产丰富的岩金和砂金。最近分散流异常检查发现的微细浸染型金矿就是一例。据研究,区内除了微细浸染型金矿外,还有其它类型的金矿。区域化探分散流数据经电算处理后,全区共划分出六种类型金矿的成矿区带(图1),从而为本区的进一步找矿提供了信息。     

甘南忠曲金矿区物化探找矿模式研究及找矿预测

为了扩大资源储量,降低找矿风险,文章运用大地电磁法、地电化学法与吸附相态汞方法组合在高原寒冷地区开展物化信息进行金矿预测研究.通过已知区可行性研究验证方法组合的找矿成效,总结适合高原寒冷景观条件下的物化探找矿模式,即金矿通常位于Au地电化学异常正投影下方、电阻率高低突变带偏低阻体一侧,配套土壤吸附相态汞异常寻找破碎带型金矿较有效.依据上述找矿模式,在忠曲矿区开展金矿预测工作,在矿区西部发现找矿有利地段3处,东部发现找矿可疑地段1处.     

河南熊耳山一带黄金找矿又有新突破

新近获悉在豫西熊耳山一带发现并探明了一个号称“河南省第二小秦岭”的特大型金矿区,找矿前景乐观,潜在经济价值达三、四百亿元,这是河南省在金矿勘探方面的又一重大突破。豫酉熊耳山地跨洛宁、嵩县、荣川等县,在该区找金的突破,首先得益于地质找矿理论上的突破．过去在这一地带注重找石英脉型金矿,找矿领域一直未能拓宽,经与临省的对比分析研究,认为豫西具有蚀变破碎带型金矿的成矿地质条件,加强了对该类型金矿的找矿,同时又通过区调、物化探、坑探、遥感等多种方法及新的黄金测试方法的应用与配合,终于在金矿找矿上取得显著成…     

智利HNX铜矿区物化探异常特征及其找矿意义

在智利第一大区HNX矿区通过物化探手段进行找矿,取得了良好效果,高精度磁法发现断裂34条,综合物探剖面解析了矿化蚀变与断裂构造关系,土壤地球化学测量圈定11处综合异常,通过异常查证发现5处矿化集中区,该区具有较大的找矿潜力,物化探异常在智利北部特殊景观区寻找金属矿的实践中具有重要的指导意义。     

黑龙江乱泥沟金矿成矿条件与找矿方向

乱泥沟矿区第四系砂金矿产丰富，是寻找岩金的有利靶区。区内出露的古元古代变质岩系地层的原岩为泥质粉砂岩和中基性海底火山岩，其Au含量高，是金矿成矿的初始矿源层。区内NE，NW向构造发育，所发现的矿体均受控于NW向断裂，呈脉和复脉状产于构造蚀变带及其次一级的层间破碎带中，成矿物质简单，矿体品位和厚度变化系数较小，为中—低温蚀变岩型金矿床。利用物化探测量手段，圈出具找矿意义的组合异常，通过工程查证发现金矿体。在综合研究矿区地质特征及物化探异常的基础上总结了找矿标志，并指出下一步有利的找矿区段。     

Wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometric determination of Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites

Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours.     

高压微波消解法测定醋酸纤维过滤器采集的微尘粒子中的砷镉钴铬铜铁锰镍铅钒锌

最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提     

Isotopic systematics of He,Ar, S,Cu, Ni,Re, Os,Pb, U,Sm, Nd,Rb, Sr,Lu, and Hf in the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits

This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (³He/⁴He, ⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar, ³⁴S/³²S, ⁶⁵Cu/⁶³Cu, ⁶²Ni/⁶⁰Ni, ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr, ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd, ^206–208Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others.     

硅酸盐中铁、锰、钛、钙、钾、磷、硅、铝、镁、钠、锶、铷、钡的X-射线荧光光谱定量测定

本文介绍样品经四硼酸锂熔融制成玻璃小饼。采用Lachance模式和理论a系数来校正元素间的效应,由3080E型X-射线荧光谱仪和DF-350B数据处理系统完成硅酸盐中十三个项目的测定。     

硅酸盐类样品中硅、铁、铝、钛、锰、钙、镁、钾、钠和磷的x射线荧光光谱测定

本文拟定了一种以熔融法制备样片,用X射线荧光光谱测定硅酸盐类样品中Si、Fe、Al、Tj、Mn、Ca、Mg、K、Na、P等元素的分析方法。在对不同靶材X光管和分光晶体实验对比的基础上,选择了最佳的测量条件。该法具有快速、准确,测量范围广,检测限低,价格便宜等优点。经过近百个各种类型标样或管理样品的分析对比表明,本法不仅适用于硅酸盐类岩石样品的分析,还适用于铁矿、铝土矿、碳酸盐类岩矿样品以及水泥、耐火材料等样品的分析。     

Viscous, cohesive, non-Newtonian, depositing, radial slurry flow

Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance.     

Mountains,nations, parks,and conservation

Between 1985 and 1991, two new mountain protected areas (MTNPA) covering more than 35,000 km² and based on participatory management models — the Makalu-Barun National Park and Conservation Area, Nepal, and Qomolangma Nature Preserve, Tibet Autonomous Region — were successfully established through the collaborative efforts of Woodlands Mountain Institute and conservationists in China and Nepal. Characteristics common to both projects include the importance of establishing (1) effective rationales, (2) local support constituencies, (3) a senior advisory group, (4) a task force, (5) linkages between conservation and development, and (6) fund raising mechanisms. The lessons derived from the experiences of Woodlands Mountain Institute are of significant value to others in preserving MTNPA. Increased collaboration and communication between all interested in conservation, however, will remain a critical component for expanding mountain protected area coverage to throughout the world.     

Regional distribution of Al,B, Ba,Ca, K,La, Mg,Mn, Na,P, Rb,Si, Sr,Th, U and Y in terrestrial moss within a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region: influence of geology,seaspray and human activity

Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km² area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population).     

NEW SET OF LOW CONCENTRATION STANDARDS FOR LA, CE, SM, YB, LU, Y, SC, V, NB AND TA IN SILICATES

We have developed a set of four synthetic standards for the rare earth and high field strength elements designed for use in the determination of those elements in silicates. The base material is a glass nominally at the eutectic of the MgO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ ternary system. The nominal doping level was 2 wt% of the elements as oxides. To avoid problems associated with peak interference, the elements were doped in four separate glasses.