基于SPOT 5卫星影像的空间数据快速更新

介绍了SPOT 5卫星HRG、HRS影像,讨论了SPOT 5影像空中三角测量的方法,以及利用SPOT 5影像进行DEM、DOM、DLG等地理信息产品生产的流程,对比了有、无地面控制纠正SPOT 5影像的精度情况,最后分析了SPOT 5影像在空间数据快速更新中的作用。     

利用SPOT5卫星影像制作DOM的工艺流程探讨

本文探讨了利用SPOT5卫星影像制作DOM的处理流程和技术方法，总结了制作DOM的优选方案。     

利用SPOT卫星遥感影像测绘1：50000地形图的探讨

目前，高分辨率的卫星遥感影像逐步商业化，国内外不断把卫星遥感影像应用于测绘领域。本文主要分析，研究利用SPOT卫星遥感影像测绘1：50000地形图的地理精度和地物判断能力，认为在山地，高山地地区基本上可以利用SPOT卫星遥感影像测绘1：50000地形图。     

SPOT5影像严格几何纠正方法研究

根据SPOT卫星的成像原理和特点,讨论了对SPOT5卫星影像按共线方程法进行有控制点的几何纠正的方法,经对关中、陕北和陕南三种地形的影像纠正结果进行对比检验,证明了该方法精度达到了较高水平。     

利用物理方法确定外方位元素的卫星立体摄影测量的精度分析

本文在分析用物理方法确定外方位元素的情况下卫星立体摄影测量的精度影响因素,推导了卫星立体摄影测量的理论精度计算公式,并以SPOT5 HRS立体像对为例,计算了SPOT5 HRS立体测量的理论精度,进行了利用少量地面控制点的立体测量试验。结果证明卫星立体摄影测量的理论精度估算公式是正确的,同时SPOT5 HRS立体测量精度能够满足1∶50000测图的要求。     

高分辨率卫星影像GPS像控点数据库建设研究

本通过对SPOT2.5m高分辨率卫星影像数据校正采用的各类控制资料的分析,阐述了GPS像控点数据库建设的必要性,通过对像控点的选取、外业施测、精度评价及GPS像控点数据库建设等论述,提出了选用GPS控制点作为SPOT2.5m高分辨率卫星影像数据校正控制资料,可保证影像校正精度、节省时间和减少投资。     

SPOT卫星系统性能及应用简介

1 引言 地球资源遥感卫星是众多遥感探测器中最主要的一种,它的目标十分明确,它是探测地球资源与环境的遥感卫星。美国的Landsat、法国的SPOT、中巴合作的CBERS、日本的JRS、欧共体的ERS、加拿大的Radarsat,印度的地球资源卫星都是属于此类。它们是目前世界上最常用的遥感卫星。在法国国家宇航局和中国科学院的支持下,对北京密云卫星接收站的设备进行了升级改造,实现了在中国直接接收、存档、和处理SPOT     

常用卫星遥感影像的介绍和用于制图的分析

介绍了国际上常用的Landsat和SPOT卫星遥感影像的主要参数和背景知识，并对它们应用于各种比例尺地图制图的适宜性进行了分析。     

Resourcesat-1（IRS—P6）卫星及其传感器

2003年10月17日由印度发射的Resourcesat-1(也称IRS—P6)卫星为太阳同步、近地极轨道卫星，从其轨道模型看，具有典型的光学遥感卫星的特点，与中国遥感卫星地面站正在接收的CBERS、Landsat和SPOT等卫星的轨道特性非常类似。该卫星包括多光谱传感器LISS-4和LISS-3以及高级广角传感器AWiFS，各传感器的特性如表1所示。     

1:50 000卫星遥感(SPOT 5)数字正射影像数据生产的基本环节及质量控制

数据质量控制提供了1:50 000卫星遥感(SPOT 5)数字正射影像数据生产的质量保证,1:50 000卫星遥感(SPOT 5)数字正射影像数据生产过程包括许多中间重要的环节,每个环节都决定着卫星遥感(SPOT 5)数字正射影像产品的最终质量.     

General non-iterative solution of the inverse and direct geodetic problems

Summary Improved practical and theoretical formulas are presented for the calculation of geodetic distances, azimuths, and positions on a spheroid. The formulas are designed for use with either electronic computers or desk calculators. For the latter, the formulas lend themselves to the construction of useful interpolation tables. The report includes convenient computation forms and auxiliary equations which assure a high degree of accuracy for any geodetic line, no matter how short or long (up to half or fully around the earth) and regardless of its orientation or location. Numerical examples illustrate the complete calculation procedure.     

安置纠正元素的象片纠正

本文根据解析法空中三角测量加密中空间后方交会所获得象片的外方位元素:φ,ω,κ,X_S,Y_S,Z_S(H),从方向余弦的关系式推导出单倾斜式及复倾斜式纠正仪的纠正元素的计算公式。通过安置纠正元素的纠正与用对点方法纠正试验的比较,验证了公式的正确性,并证明用安置纠正元素进行纠正可提高工作效率。     

Gravity recovery using COSMIC GPS data: application of orbital perturbation theory

 COSMIC is a joint Taiwan–US mission to study the atmosphere using the Global Positioning System (GPS) occultation technique. Improved formulas are developed for the radial, along-track, and cross-track perturbations, which are more accurate than the commonly used order-zero formulas. The formulas are used to simulate gravity recovery using the geodetic GPS data of COSMIC in the operational phase. Results show that the EGM96 model can be improved up to degree 26 using 1 year of COSMIC data. TOPEX/POSEIDON altimeter data are used to derive a temporal gravity variation. COSMIC cannot reproduce this gravity variation perfectly because of data noise and orbital configuration, but the recovered field clearly shows the gravity signature due to mass movement in an El Ni?o. Received: 3 March 2000 / Accepted: 10 November 2000     

不同固体潮改正公式及国家重力网的统一

本文讨论了不同的潮汐公式,及其引起的重力测量计算成果不一致的问题,计算了当潮汐改正公式不统一时,对我国范围内绝对重力测量、相对重力测量、重力仪长基线格值因子标定、重力仪短基线周期误差标定及物探重力控制测量成果的影响,分析了我国85重力基本网所选取的绝对重力控制点之间的一致性、控制点与我国85网相对联测平差结果的一致性、以及85网与我国一等重力控制同之间的一致性问题。最后,为统一我国重力控制测量成果提出了一些建议。     

各种平差方法的统一与特性

本文选取了一个能概括各种平差方法的函数模型,即附有限制条件的条件平差模型,详细推导了该平差法的计算公式和精度评定公式,证明了其平差结果的统计性质。该方法的计算公式和精度评定公式可以应用于所有经典平差法和广义平差法,因此,可以称为平差的通用公式。为了说明由通用公式可以很方便地引出其他各种方法的公式的具体形式,本文又以经典条件平差、经典间接平差和广义平差中的滤波推估为例,从通用公式引出了这些方法的相应公式。     

Numerical solution of geodetic boundary value problems using a global reference field

One of the most serious practical limitations of boundary element methods for gravity field determination is that they cannot make efficient use of existing satellite geopotential models. Three basic approaches to solving the problem are developed: (1) alternative representation formulas; (2) modified kernel functions of classical representation formulas; and (3) modified trial and test spaces. The three methods are tested and compared for the altimetry–gravimetry II boundary value problem. It is shown that there is in fact a significant improvement when compared to the pure boundary element solution. Most promising is the method of multiscale trial and test spaces which, in addition, yields sparse system matrices. Received: 7 September 1998 / Accepted: 16 June 1999     

关于大比例尺地形图高程精度检验公式的探讨

介绍了的地形图验收依据,不同依据给定的高程精度验收的计算公式,文章分析了根据真误差计算中误差的公式,文章分析了国标、地标公式理论来源,目前地形图的高程测绘及检验高程的获得,探讨最佳公式。     

融合海域多源重力数据的正则化点质量方法

泰勒级数展开是实施位场向下延拓解算的主要方法之一。该方法的有效性主要取决于位场延拓参量各阶垂向（或径向）偏导数的求取精度及其可靠性。为了避免使用封闭解析核函数在球边界面出现奇异性带来的不确定性问题,依据各类重力观测经滤波处理后均表现为一类有限频谱带宽信号的特点,提出将地球外部重力异常泊松积分式的核函数表示为球谐级数展开式,并将其截断为与重力观测值频谱范围相一致的带限求和式,进而通过直接求导方法,推导得到一组与带限核函数相对应的重力异常高阶径向导数带限计算公式,同时对该组公式进行了实用性改化,并将其应用于重力异常向下延拓泰勒级数展开式计算。使用超高阶地球位模型EGM2008设计两个阶段的数值计算检验方案,分别对重力异常高阶径向偏导数带限模型及其泰勒级数展开向下延拓模型的计算精度进行了检核评估,表明新模型具有良好的可靠性和有效性,在解算稳定性和计算精度两个方面都优于其他同类模型。

     

Determination of the potential of homogeneous polyhedral bodies using line integrals

For the determination of the potential of irregular inhomogeneous bodies they can be decomposed into (polyhedral) parts of homogeneous density. Efficient formulas for the computation of the gravitational potential (and its first and second derivatives) of homogeneous polyhedral bodies are presented. They are obtained using a transformation of the volume integral into line integrals. The most important property of the solution is that all ten quantities under consideration (potential, 3 components of the gravitation vector, 6 components of the tensor of the second derivatives) can be represented by using only two different line integrals. Furthermore, all coordinate transformations needed in the evaluation are chosen in such a way that they do not appear in the final result. The consequence, favorable for efficient programming, is that the same transcendental expressions along each edge of the polyhedron are needed for all ten quantities; even the same linear combinations of them for individual surfaces are appearing in different formulas. The expressions obtained are probably the simplest possible, which is also reflected in the fact that for the special case of a right rectangular prism they may easily be specialized to the usual well-known formulas. Received 28 Juni 1994; Accepted 13 September 1996     

Spherical integral transforms of second-order gravitational tensor components onto third-order gravitational tensor components

New spherical integral formulas between components of the second- and third-order gravitational tensors are formulated in this article. First, we review the nomenclature and basic properties of the second- and third-order gravitational tensors. Initial points of mathematical derivations, i.e., the second- and third-order differential operators defined in the spherical local North-oriented reference frame and the analytical solutions of the gradiometric boundary-value problem, are also summarized. Secondly, we apply the third-order differential operators to the analytical solutions of the gradiometric boundary-value problem which gives 30 new integral formulas transforming (1) vertical-vertical, (2) vertical-horizontal and (3) horizontal-horizontal second-order gravitational tensor components onto their third-order counterparts. Using spherical polar coordinates related sub-integral kernels can efficiently be decomposed into azimuthal and isotropic parts. Both spectral and closed forms of the isotropic kernels are provided and their limits are investigated. Thirdly, numerical experiments are performed to test the consistency of the new integral transforms and to investigate properties of the sub-integral kernels. The new mathematical apparatus is valid for any harmonic potential field and may be exploited, e.g., when gravitational/magnetic second- and third-order tensor components become available in the future. The new integral formulas also extend the well-known Meissl diagram and enrich the theoretical apparatus of geodesy.