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作为地震动物异常行为的蚕的定向排列以及断层的电磁模型──理论与实验 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在假定地震动物异常行为(SAAB)是对地震电信号(SES)的电生理反应的前提下,通过施加电场、实验再现了神户地震所报道的SAAB蚕及鱼的定向排列.由于垂直于电场时动物体内骨格肌的阻抗较平行时大,动物表现出沿垂直于电场方向排列的行为.基于偶极电荷±q源于地震应力σ(t)的变化,提出了一断层的电磁模型:dq/dt=-α(dσ/dt)-q/ερ,其中α是一表征电荷生成的常数,比如压电系数;ε为介电常数,ρ为花岗岩的电阻率.一长2a且位错或破裂时间为τ的断层,由于应力的变化将产生脉冲状的偶极电荷(面密度):+q(t,x)和-q(t,x+2a),或由地震矩M0而给出偶极矩P(t)=2aAq(t)=αM0[ερ/(τ-ερ)](e-t/z-e-t/ερ).断层位错D、位错速率D′和应力降Δσ满足τ=D/D′=(Δσ/σ0)(a/β).断层域的电场强度F及电流密度J可由F=q/ε及J=F/ρ′得到.若ρ′为水的电阻率,则可得到J=0.1~1A/m2,该值足以引起动物的异常行为.由P(t)所产生的近场甚低频(ULF)波可解释与距离R成反比的SES. 相似文献
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在进行地震数据采集器的幅频特性测试中,当标定信号频率稍高时(约为采集器采样率1/5以上),采集器输出的正弦波形发生畸变,无法人工读取正弦波峰值.为了解决该问题,本文提出了基于离散傅里叶变换(DFT)的积分恢复算法,将该方法与快速傅里叶变化(FFT)谱分析方法同时应用于一台高精度地震数据采集器的幅频特性测试数据处理.结果表明这两种算法均能标准化、高精度地完成采集器幅频特性标定数据的计算.其中基于DFT的积分恢复算法的计算程序操作简单,能够高效率地完成数据采集器的幅频特性检定工作;并且该方法还可以应用于地震数据采集器的线性度测试. 相似文献
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RSDA-1型24位水库地震数据采集器中标定系统是测定地震计和参数的关键工具,是评判台站每天工作状态是否正常的评判手段,是标定系统特性的必须环节.根据地震计和台站不同需要,需在采集器中设计4种标定信号,即脉冲标定、正弦标定、伪随机信号和高阶脉冲信号.本文主要介绍标定系统及4种标定信号在24位地震数据采集器中的设计和实现. 相似文献
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TDE-324C地震数据采集器的设计 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了TDE—324C地震数据采集器采用的设计技术,给出了系统的结构框图,并且就采集器实现的功能进行了描述,给出了采集器的技术指标和部分应用图例。该采集器能够满足地震观测的需要。 相似文献
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根据Brune(1970)提出的震源位错模式,用发生在滇西地震实验场区鹤庆MS=5.3中强地震的地震数字化监测资料,计算了S波谱,测定了鹤庆地震序列的震源参数.在此基础上研究了地面运动峰值速度参数(r.v)对地震应力降Δσ的依赖性.由地震标定关系给出(r.v)∝Δσ2/3,导出了用峰值速度参数求地震应力降的3个关系:lg(r.v)=d1+(1/3)lgM0+(2/3)lgΔσ;lg(r.v)=d2+(1/3)ML+(2/3)lgΔσ;lgΔσ=-1.0+1.5lg(r.v).假定对大小地震的平均应力降取3.0MPa,由鹤庆地震序列的观测资料定出常数d1=-3.88和d2=-0.38.序列震源参数测定结果给出,地震矩为1011~1015N·m,破裂半径a=200~600m.根据峰值速度测定的应力降Δσ=0.1~10MPa,平均为3.7MPa.用这些标度关系求出的应力降结果与Brune模式求应力降的结果比较一致.本文的研究结果还表明,地面运动峰值速度参数对地震应力降的依赖性比对地震矩的依赖性更强. 相似文献
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前兆异常区地震危险性概率的评估方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
讨论了根据前兆观测估计地震危险性概率的问题。给出了单学科观测异常区和多学科观测异常区地震的危险性概率的评估方法。利用个先验概率值,即地震背景概率-P(B)、孕震条件下某学科观测发生异常的概率-P(A/B)、非孕震条件下某学科观测发生异常的概率-P(A/B),就可计算,①异常区有震概率P(B/A)或P(B/∩Ai)和异常区无震概率(也称虚报概率(P(B/A)或P(B/∩Ai);(2)非异常区有震概率 相似文献
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陈培善 《地震学报(英文版)》1995,(4)
Epicentral distribution in 1994Pei-ShanCHEN(陈培善)(InstituteofGeophysics,StateSeismologicalBureau,Beijing100081,China)Pei-ShanC... 相似文献
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2005年12月3日——2006年5月18日,中国地震局对山东东营杜邦1井(直井)进行了6个月的注水诱发地震监测. 对该井1 464~3 034 m, 即纵向跨度1 570 m的4个注水层段(沙三中、 沙三上顶部、沙三上底部、沙二段)11个注水作业过程进行了完整记录. 应用长短项平均和多台比较方法共获得地震事件记录5 090个, 最终获得定位事件274个. 监测期间记录到的事件信号能量都比较小, 没有ML0.5的震动信号. 从注水开始,事件的数量随时间呈现出不同的变化, 在沙三上的中等胶结程度地层中, 震动破裂事件最为频繁. 破裂事件空间位置随时间从注水中心向外围扩展, 在不同的注水层段呈现出不同的方向性: 在低渗透储层段, 破裂事件的展布趋向与最大水平主压应力方向一致; 在中高渗透层段, 震动事件更多地沿主渗流通道展布. 相似文献
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From December 3, 2005 to May 18, 2006, a water injection-induced seismicity test was conducted on DuPont test well 1# for about six months by China Earthquake Administration. To the vertical injected well, 11 water injection processes were conducted on four depth intervals, including middle Shahejie3, the top of the upper Shahejie3, the bottom of the upper Shahejie3 and Shahejie2, with the vertical span from 1 464 m to 3 034 m. Monitoring stations has been run throughout the procedure. From the recorded data, there were 5 090 events being picked out manually, 274 events located. It indicates that the energy of seismic signal is very small, and the largest magnitude is no more than ML0.5. And also, the major energy is centered on the vertical component, while amplitude of the other hori-zontal components is very small. From the start of water injection, the number of seismic events varied with time. And the event was most frequent in the period of upper Shahejie3 injection. The distribution of events extended from the injected well to the outside with time, and the direction of events distribution rotated in different injected interval. Of which, in the low permeability interval, events trend close to the direction of principal compressive stress direction; while in higher permeability interval, they trend close to the predominant seepage direction. 相似文献
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Kamal Abdel-Rahman El-Sayed 《地震研究》2008,31(2):160-170
根据埃及Gasco天然气公司工程场地的现场调查资料、地震活动性和地震灾害评估结果,对该场地进行了评估.通过浅源地震波折射勘探,对8个地震剖面上的土壤和岩石的弹性动态常数进行了分析.场地地面模型包括两层,分析表明它们具有从中值到高值的弹性动态常数,说明场地有良好的土壤条件和基岩岩性.同时,我们搜集和分析了研究区周围150 km半径范围内的历史和仪器记录地震,从构造环境、地震活动性、地质构造和主要地震的断层面解等方面进行了研究,认为场地受4个震源区的影响:苏伊士中部海湾、开罗-苏伊士地区、开罗西南和Beni-Suef地区.我们采用地震活动性统计方法并结合专家判定,确定了这些震源区内最大地震的矩震级(MW).另外,依据场地峰值加速度(PGA)和反应谱,用随机方法对场地进行了地震灾害评估.4个震源区中,Beni-Suef地区距离工程场地最近,其PGA最大值为9.34cm/s2,但这个值很小,表明地震不会对工程场地产生破坏性影响.最后,我们还模拟了阻尼为1%、3%和5%时的伪加速度场地反应谱. 相似文献
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系统分析了KJ—1记录器对拾震器输出电压灵敏度的要求,并对SK拾震器与KJ—1记录器的连接方法进行了研究。研究结果表明,只需对SK拾震器和KJ—1记录器进行改造,就能实现两者的完美配接,而其性能优于DK—1地震仪和基式地震仪。 相似文献
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PET重力仪与CTS-1EF地震计地震波记录特征分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
收集苍梧M 5.2、九寨沟M 7.0和智利M 8.2地震期间琼中基准地震台PET重力仪和CTS-1EF地震计观测数据,对重力资料进行潮汐和零漂改正获得重力残差数据,并对地震计数据求导得到加速度值。对重力残差数据和地震计加速度数据波形及频谱曲线进行对比分析,认为2种观测仪器记录的地震波震相和频谱分析显示的地震波分布频率具有一致性,但九寨沟M 7.0地震和智利M 8.2地震的地震波频率分布存在差异。 相似文献
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A seismic gap on the Anninghe fault in western Sichuan,China 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
Through integrated analyses of time-varying patterns of regional seismicity, occurrence background of strong and large historical earthquakes along active faults, and temporal-spatial distribution of accu- rately relocated hypocenters of modern small earthquakes, this paper analyzes and discusses the im- plication of a 30-year-lasting seismic quiescence in the region along and surrounding the Anninghe and Zemuhe faults in western Sichuan, China. It suggests that the seismic quiescence for ML≥4.0 events has been lasting in the studied region since January, 1977, along with the formation and evaluation of a seismic gap of the second kind, the Anninghe seismic gap. The Anninghe seismic gap has the background of a seismic gap of the first kind along the Anninghe fault, and has resulted from evident fault-locking and strain-accumulating along the fault during the last 30 years. Now, two fault sections either without or with less small earthquakes exist along the Anninghe fault within the An- ninghe seismic gap. They indicate two linked and locked fault-sections, the northern Mianning section and the Mianning-Xichang section with lengths of 65 km and 75 km and elapsed time from the latest large earthquakes of 527 and 471 years, respectively. Along the Anninghe fault, characteristics of both the background of the first kind seismic gap and the seismicity patterns of the second seismic gap, as well as the hypocenter depth distribution of modern small earthquakes are comparable, respectively, to those appearing before the M=8.1 Hoh Xil earthquake of 2001 and to those emerging in the 20 years before the M=7.1 Loma Prieta, California, earthquake of 1989, suggesting that the Anninghe seismic gap is tending to become mature, and hence its mid- to long-term potential of large earthquakes should be noticeable. The probable maximum magnitudes of the potential earthquakes are estimated to be as large as 7.4 for both the two locked sections of the Anninghe fault. 相似文献
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《地震研究进展(英文)》2023,3(1):100172
Timely response to earthquake characterization can facilitate earthquake emergency rescue and further scientific investigations. On June 1, 2022, MW 5.9 earthquake occurred in the southern area of the Longmenshan fault zone. This event also happened at the south end of the Dayi seismic gap and is the largest earthquake that has occurred in this seismic gap since the 1970 M 6.2 event. The slip-distribution model constrained by the seismic waveforms suggests a thrust-dominated faulting mechanism. The main slip occurs at a depth of ~14 ?km, and the cumulative energy is released in the first 6 ?s. The variations of Coulomb stress caused by the mainshock show a positive change in the southwest area of the Dayi seismic gap, indicating possible activation of future earthquakes. In addition, we emphasize the importance of rapid estimation of deformation for near-field hazard delineation, especially when interferometric radar fails to image coseismic deformation in a high relief terrain. 相似文献
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东北地震区地震趋势的小波分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
根据中国地震局推广软件中所给出的地震区划分,运用小波分析方法,对东北地震区的地震时序特征进行了分析和研究,得出:东北地震区的地震活动存在着10年、20年和30年的显著主周期。按照这个周期规律,结合测震学的分析方法,分析了未来东北地震区的地震活动趋势,认为东北地震区第五活跃期到2009年结束。从地震能量释放和地震频度上看,未来发生5级以上地震的可能性不大。 相似文献
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Two great earthquakes of MS8.5 and MS8.3 determined by the China Earthquake Networks Center (CENC) occurred successively on September 12 and 13, 2007 in the sea area to the south of Sumatra, which is another group of large earthquakes after MS8.7 event on December 26, 2004 and MS8.5 event on March 29, 2005. The 相似文献