地磁低点位移与松潘、平武7.2级地震

一、预报情况的回顾四川是一个多震的地区,从1970年四川成立地震研究机构以来,在龙门山、鲜水河及安宁河等三个主要断裂带上先后布设了十七个地磁台站。这些地磁台大多数使用磁秤观测地磁垂直分量ΔZ的相对变化。1975年以后郫县走石山台装置了三分量磁变仪。根据上述台站资料的情况,我省以磁报震工作主要利用日变曲线,根据相对变化寻找震磁     

1976年松潘.平武7.2级地震预报实践

本文根据1976年8月16日松潘、平武7.2级地震前所形成的档案文件、技术材料、地震简报和工作报告等资料,介绍了松潘、平武7.2级地震预测、预报和预防过程,预报的技术思路、方法和依据,并初步总结了这次地震预报的经验教训。     

1976年松潘7.2级地震前静宁台地应力前兆特征

在1976年8月16日、22日松潘发生的两次7.2级地震前,静宁地应力电感曲线显示了明显的异常,并据此在震前提出了预报意见。本文对该异常形态特征进行了分析研究。1.观测条件静宁地应力站建于1975年上半年,从1976年元月1日起正式观测。观测孔深34.6m,其     

松潘—平武7.2级地震预测预报对策和体会：纪念松潘—平武地震预报20周年

本文扼要记述了１９７６年松潘－平武７．２级地震预报过程，并对震前观测预报各个阶段的对策和震后的应急措施等作了详细的回忆和归纳，对本次地震的预报效益和工作体会进行了简要的介绍。     

松潘-平武7.2级地震前地震活动图象变化的探讨

震情变化是对 1976年松潘-平武7.2级地震提出预报意见的主要依据之一,震后曾对此作过多次总结。随着时间的推移,资料的积累,特别是经过与其它震例的对比,我们认为,有必要更系统地整理震前较长时间和不同范围的资料,全面地分析震前地震活动图象随时间的变化,进而讨论松潘-平武7.2级地震的孕育过程。     

松潘7.2级地震的水氡异常特征

本文对松潘7.2级地震前后四川省水氡点的测值进行了较系统的分析研究,发现震前距该地震震中110公里范围以内的松潘川主寺和茂汶吉鱼寨两泉点的测值具有短期和临震异常,距该地震震中300公里以外的姑咱泉点测值具有区域性的临震突跳异常,康定泉点的测值具有区域性异常变化,并提出了松潘7.2级地震的水氡异常模型。文中还对上述四个泉点的地质构造背景和水文地质条件也作了简要介绍。     

1976年松潘、平武7.2级地震前后甘肃一侧震情监视的回顾

在重新全面深入收集整理历史档案和资料的基础上,回顾性研究总结了1976年8月16-23日松潘、平武两次7.2级地震的监测预报和防震抗震工作。研究表明,对于该次地震甘肃省和四川省地震工作者从中期预测开始,到短期、临震阶段,从地震预测到强震观测,组织开展了诸多有成效的工作。使松潘地震这个称之为重要的成功预报的实例,在我国地震工作发展史的记载中有更加充实、完整和科学的记载。并根据修订过的中国地震台网中心国家科学数据共享中心数据库给出的地震系列参数,对该次地震命名提出商榷,认为这次地震应当称之为"松潘-文县地震",或"平武-文县地震"或"松潘-文县-平武地震"更为妥当。     

松潘,平武7.2级地震前后甘肃一侧震情监视的回顾

1976年8月16日晚10时06分四川省松潘、平武地区发生了7.2级强烈地震。震中位于四川省松潘、平武、南坪与甘肃省文县四个县交界地区的四川省境内,其中文县的铁楼公社所在地距震中仅20千米。震前半年,这里曾被国家地震局确定为仝国四大危险区之一。震前二三个月成都和兰州地震大队的地震工作者为“捕捉”这次大地震进行过连续紧张的工作。成都地震大队为这次地震做了较为成功的预报,已有诸多文章、报道涉及。而当时,在震中北侧的情况却鲜为人知,实际上有地震前四十多天的时间里,根据全国趋势会商意见和后来前兆异     

1976年松潘7.2级地震主要预报依据的审查及前兆异常特征的讨论

1976年8月16日四川省松潘7.2级地震,震前曾作了预报。本文介绍了这次地震预报的主要依据和地震前兆异常的主要特点。     

1976年松潘7.2级地震主要预报依据的审查及前兆异常特征的讨论

1976年8月16日四川省松潘7.2级地震,震前曾作了预报。本文介绍了这次地震预报的主要依据和地震前兆异常的主要特点。     

A Monte Carlo study of rainfall forecasting with a stochastic model

A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities.     

Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Aims And Scope

正This journal is established by the Institute of Engineering Mechanics(IEM),China Earthquake Administration,to promote scientific exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists and engineers so as to improve the theory and practice of earthquake hazards mitigation,preparedness,and recovery.To accomplish this purpose,the journal aims to attract a balanced number of papers between Chinese and     

Foreword

Destructive earthquakes have caused great damage in China and the United States and collapsing buildings havecaused many deaths and injuries. The field of earthquake engineering studies earthquake hazards, the occurrence ofearthquakes of various magnitudes, the nature of the ground shaking during an earthquake, the vibration of structuresduring earthquakes, the strengthening of existing structures and the design of new structures to be earthquake resistant,and finally, how to cope with earthquake damage and restore a city to normal functioning. Such efforts are in progressin both countries, but unfortunately, the language barrier interferes with the free flow of information between China andthe Untied States. It would be mutually beneficial if some means could be developed to promote the exchangeof information across the Pacific Ocean. This new journal has been established for this purpose and its success willbe an important step in promoting earthquake engineering in China and the United States.     

WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEDIMENTATION AND EROSION RESEARCH(WASER)

正President:Giampaolo Di Silvio,Italy Vice Presidents:Ulrich C.E.Zanke,Germany Zhao-yin Wang,China The World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research(WASER),inaugurated on Oct.19,2004,is an independent non-governmental,non-profit organization.The mission of WASER is to promote international co-operation on the study     

Enhancing remote sensing research on global change to improve our understanding on Earth system processes

正Global Change includes climate change and other environmental changes caused by the joint interaction among various layers of Earth. From the positive side, global change provides new opportunities to human and other living forms on Earth. In the meantime, it creates tremendous challenges and negative impact. At present, the negative impacts have reached all primary processes of the global ecosystem and every aspect of human society, especially causing degradation of the ecosystem. For instance, intensive deforestation causes decline of biodiversity; global warming causes sea level rise and increases     

Dissolved Carbohydrate Concentration,Composition, and Bioavailability to Microbial Heterotrophs in Stream Water

Dissolved total carbohydrates (DTCH), dissolved free monosaccharides (DFMS), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), biodegradable DOC (BDOC), and humic substances (HS) were measured in White Clay Creek (WCC), a stream in southeastern Pennsylvania Piedmont, USA. Samples were collected over different seasons and under baseflow and stormflow conditions. DOC concentrations ranged from 1.0 to 12.8 mg/L C with the highest concentrations associated with stormflows. Carbohydrates ranged from 0.42 to 12.4 μM and accounted for 2.9 to 12.7% of the DOC. Humic substances represented the major DOC fraction, accounting for 55 to 72% of the DOC pool under all flow conditions. The humic fraction had a lower carbohydrate content (4.4%) than the non-humic fraction of DOC (7.2%). Stormflow DOC was enriched in carbohydrates relative to baseflow DOC, but the percentage of humic-C changed little. Carbohydrates were primarily present as dissolved polysaccharides (55%), but a significant fraction was bound to humic substances (40%), while a small proportion was present as monosaccharides (5%). The major monosaccharides in stream water, listed in order of decreasing concentration, included glucose, galactose, rhamnose, xylose, arabinose, mannose, and fucose. On average (30.6 ± 7.4)% (n = 44) of the stream water DOC was biodegradable, and carbohydrates accounted for 9.9 to 17.7% of the BDOC.