共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Examples show that the sampling operation–i.e., the change from the continuous time domain to the discrete time domain–does not necessarily preserve the minimum-phase property. Further examples can be constructed to show that the resampling operation on the discrete time domain does not necessarily preserve the minimum-phase property. Finally it can be shown that the minimum-phase property can be either created or destroyed by sampling or resampling. 相似文献
2.
I. KMRKY 《Geophysical Prospecting》1977,25(4):621-635
The seismic interpretation process generally exploits three of the following independent basic assumptions:
- 1 Input quantities are obtained by simplification of measured data (travel time curves).
- 2 2. The geological model contains only a few parameters (for example, plane interfaces and constant interval velocities).
- 3 3. Approximate transformations may be applied.
3.
HENRY J. MEYERHOFF 《Geophysical Prospecting》1966,14(4):441-454
The common depth point method of shooting in oil exploration provides a series of seismic traces which yield information about the substrata layers at one location. After normal moveout and static corrections have been applied, the traces are combined by horizontal stacking, or linear multichannel filtering, into a single record in which the primary reflections have been enhanced relative to the multiple reflections and random noise. The criterion used in optimum horizontal stacking is to maximize the signal to noise power ratio, where signal refers to the primary reflection sequence and noise includes the multiple reflections. It is shown when this criterion is equivalent to minimizing the mean square difference between the desired signal (primary reflection sequence) and the weighted horizontally stacked traces. If the seismic traces are combined by multichannel linear filtering, the primary reflection sequence will have undergone some phase and frequency distortion on the resulting record. The signal to noise power ratio then becomes less meaningful a criterion for designing the optimum linear multichannel filter, and the mean square criterion is adopted. In general, however, since more a priori information about the seismic traces is required to design the optimum linear multichannel filter than required for the optimum set of weights of the horizontal stacking process, the former will be an improvement over the latter. It becomes evident that optimum horizontal stacking is a restricted form of linear multichannel filtering. 相似文献
4.
HENRY J. MEYERHOFF 《Geophysical Prospecting》1966,14(Z2):441-453
The common depth point method of shooting in oil exploration provides a series of seismic traces which yield information about the substrata layers at one location. After normal moveout and static corrections have been applied, the traces are combined by horizontal stacking, or linear multichannel filtering, into a single record in which the primary reflections have been enhanced relative to the multiple reflections and random noise. The criterion used in optimum horizontal stacking is to maximize the signal to noise power ratio, where signal refers to the primary reflection sequence and noise includes the multiple reflections. It is shown when this criterion is equivalent to minimizing the mean square difference between the desired signal (primary reflection sequence) and the weighted horizontally stacked traces. If the seismic traces are combined by multichannel linear filtering, the primary reflection sequence will have undergone some phase and frequency distortion on the resulting record. The signal to noise power ratio then becomes less meaningful a criterion for designing the optimum linear multichannel filter, and the mean square criterion is adopted. In general, however, since more a priori information about the seismic traces is required to design the optimum linear multichannel filter than required for the optimum set of weights of the horizontal stacking process, the former will be an improvement over the latter. It becomes evident that optimum horizontal stacking is a restricted form of linear multichannel filtering. 相似文献
5.
L. SZARKA 《Geophysical Prospecting》1983,31(5):829-839
Determination of thickness of sediments (usually of high conductivity) overlying a high-resistivity basement is one of the basic problems of electrical exploration methods. This paper proposes to determine horizontal electrical conductance on the basis of impedance calculated from electrical and magnetic fields of distant quasi-static (low-frequency) point sources. Using the proposed method, horizontal conductance of the sediments can be determined also from artificial quasi-static noise-impulses coming from sources of unknown position and intensity. The results of analogue modeling and field examples prove the potential of the proposed technique. 相似文献
6.
H. JAKUBOWICZ 《Geophysical Prospecting》1990,38(3):221-245
Much of the success of modern seismic data processing derives from the use of the stacking process. Unfortunately, as is well known, conventional normal moveout correction (NMO) introduces mispositioning of data, and hence mis-stacking, when dip is present. Dip moveout correction (DMO) is a technique that converts non-zero-offset seismic data after NMO to true zero-offset locations and reflection times, irrespective of dip. The combination of NMO and DMO followed by post-stack time migration is equivalent to, but can be implemented much more efficiently than, full time migration before stack. In this paper we consider the frequency-wavenumber DMO algorithm developed by Hale. Our analysis centres on the result that, for a given dip, the combination of NMO at migration velocity and DMO is equivalent to NMO at the appropriate, dip-dependent, stacking velocity. This perspective on DMO leads to computationally efficient methods for applying Hale DMO and also provides interesting insights on the nature of both DMO and conventional stacking. 相似文献
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8.
研究含天然气水合物沉积物的岩石物性模型与似海底反射层的振幅随入射角变化(AVA)特征. 基于时间平均-Wood加权方程、三相介质波传播理论模型和弹性模量模型,计算并阐述含天然气水合物岩石弹性参数与水合物饱和度、含游离气岩石弹性参数与游离气饱和度的关系;给出不同模型AVA特征. 结果表明,不同天然气水合物饱和度、不同游离气饱和度的各种组合呈现形态相似但反射系数值不同的AVA特征. 相似文献
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10.
研究含天然气水合物沉积物的岩石物性模型与似海底反射层的振幅随入射角变化(AVA)特征. 基于时间平均-Wood加权方程、三相介质波传播理论模型和弹性模量模型,计算并阐述含天然气水合物岩石弹性参数与水合物饱和度、含游离气岩石弹性参数与游离气饱和度的关系;给出不同模型AVA特征. 结果表明,不同天然气水合物饱和度、不同游离气饱和度的各种组合呈现形态相似但反射系数值不同的AVA特征. 相似文献
11.
在首都机场人工消雾作业过程中进行了大气边界层特征的观测,观测结果表明:用喷洒液氮进行人工消雾可以形成小面积降雪从而提高能见度,达到安全飞行的目的.人工消雾作业过程可影响小面积大气湍流特征,使湍流谱略偏离-5/3规律.人工消雾作业期间潜热通量明显大于作业期后. 相似文献
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13.
A mathematical expression for potential of a direct current point source in an inhomoge-neous anisotropic earth is derived. The coefficient of anisotropy is given by f= (σr/σz), where σr and σz are the conductivities parallel and perpendicular to the bedding plane. It is assumed that σz varies with depth, whereas σr varies transversely. This potential may be useful in interpretation of geoelectrical data in specified geological situations. Master curves for Wenner and Schlumberger configurations are presented 相似文献
14.
PRABHAKAR S. NAIDU 《Geophysical Prospecting》1970,18(Z1):774-785
A point source or a dipole source of electric current, placed on a randomly layered semi-infinite medium, produces an inhomogeneous random potential field on the surface. The variance of the random potential, normalized with reference to the normal field (that is, a field due to a point source or a dipole source on a homogeneous medium), falls off inversely as the distance from the source. The conductivity of the layers is assumed to vary randomly about a mean value (unity) such that the variations can be represented by a zero mean homogeneous random function. Further the variations are assumed to be small compared to the mean so that the first order perturbation is adequate. The analysis shows that the dipole field is more sensitive than the single pole field to the conductivity variations. 相似文献
15.
S. CRAMPIN 《Geophysical Prospecting》1986,34(1):94-99
A number of authors in the exploration literature have written about anisotropy, but have restricted their discussions to wave propagation through rock having transverse isotropy with a vertical symmetry axis. This note shows that there are fundamental differences between transverse isotropy when the symmetry axis is vertical (normal to the free surface) and more general anisotropy with an azimuthal variation of properties. These differences are important now that effective azimuthal shear-wave anisotropy resulting from aligned cracks and pores is becoming recognized as a significant property of crustal rocks. 相似文献
16.
Point source reflection/transmission responses from planar interfaces based on the Sommerfeld-Weyl integral are causal and are given in the form of a solution integral with an infinite integration limit. They can be simply transformed to integrals with a finite limit by an approach that takes into account causality as well as time-symmetry aspects. To introduce the fundamental principles involved, the transformation is applied to the simple case of a point-source response from a planar acoustic interface. For a point source above a planar interface separating an upper and lower acoustic half-space of velocity c1and c2 the inhomogeneous plane waves in the Sommerfeld-Weyl source representation do not contribute to the final result if c1≤c2 and only a limited spectrum of inhomogeneous plane waves comes into play if c1c2. 相似文献
17.
A method is given for solving the dc electric field problem of a point current source in an anisotropic 2 1/2-dimensional structural model. The surface integral equation of the field strength is given. Parallel to the strike the field strength is represented by a Fourier series. On the plane perpendicular to the strike each term of the field strength series is solved by means of the method of sub-sections, where linear behaviour of field strength over the sub-sections is assumed. Some numerical examples for different galvanic effects are given. 相似文献
18.
N. DE VOOGD 《Geophysical Prospecting》1974,22(2):354-369
Approximate deconvolution by means of Wiener filters has become standard practice in seismic data-processing. It is well-known that addition of a certain percentage of noise energy to the autocorrelation of the signal wavelet leads to a filter that does not increase, or even reduces, the noise level on the seismogram. This noise addition will, in general, cause a minimum phase signal to become mixed phase. A technique is presented for the calculation of the optimum-lag shaping filter for a contaminated signal wavelet. The advantages of this method over the more conventional approach are that it needs less arithmetic operations and that it automatically gives the filter with the optimum combination of shaping performance and noise reduction. 相似文献
19.
J. W. M. DANKBAAR 《Geophysical Prospecting》1985,33(7):970-986
In combined P- and SV-observations with vertical and in-line horizontal geophones, recognition and separation of the individual P- and S-arrivals may form a considerable problem. Due to the geophone receiving characteristics, P- and S-waves are observed on both horizontal and vertical geophones. A new method of separating P- and S-waves is presented that inverts the geophone records for the receiving characteristics, thereby separating the two wavetypes. The filter coefficients are determined from the near-surface P- and S-wave velocity and from the geometry of the geophone groups. The P/S-separation filter was tested on synthetic data with good results. Even PS- and SP-converted reflections, which are completely coinciding for horizontal reflectors, could be well separated. The filter appears to be stable and to have low sensitivity to noise in the data or to errors in the near-surface P- and S-wave velocity. The filter is superior to other separation methods, which were applied to the same dataset for comparison. This method can also be applied to VSP data. 相似文献
20.
J. P. CULL 《Geophysical Prospecting》1985,33(3):460-467
Anomalies in self potential (SP) are usually explained in terms of geochemical activity. However, there are other sources of current which cause complications in the interpretation. In particular, DC telluric currents can be generated outside the survey region. Contrasts in resistivity cause current channelling and secondary voltages can be induced by leakage. The effect can be demonstrated using network theory and internal sources can be emphasized by subtraction. Joint surveys are required to demonstrate correlations with apparent resistivity. 相似文献