基于动态物质流分析的中国铁二次资源回收潜力研究

新时代背景下,增强铁资源二次循环利用率,是中国钢铁工业摆脱国外铁矿石依赖,同时实现绿色低碳高质量发展的重要途经。为揭示铁资源二次回收规模,本文利用动态物质流分析(MaterialFlow Analysis, MFA),对中国铁循环规律、社会存量和二次资源潜力进行了分析。结果显示:(1)国内铁矿石供应不足,国外铁矿石进口为中国铁循环的重要来源。建国以来,中国累计净进口铁矿石中的铁物质达90.7亿t,实际铁资源消费量累计为120.2亿t。(2)2021年中国铁社会存量达97.9亿t,人均铁社会存量也达到了6.9t/人,但人均存量尚未达到发达国家平均水平,未来,铁社会存量会进一步增加,同时也将继续刺激铁矿石资源的大量消耗。(3)建国以来,中国铁资源理论报废量持续上升,累计达22.2亿t。到2050年,中国铁二次资源报废量达4.4亿～5.6亿t,铁社会存量规模也将达141.0亿～199.9亿t,充足的铁二次资源规模是缓解初级供应短缺的重要基础条件。基于研究结果,中国应该加快构建旧废钢回收体系,引导新型全废钢电弧炉冶炼工艺的开发设计,全面提高铁二次资源循环利用效率。同时,以“双碳”目标为契机,倒...     

中国铝物质流历史变化分析和再生铝资源利用研究

本文采用物质流分析(Material Flow Analysis, MFA)的方法, 构建了铝全生命周期动态物质流分析框架, 自上而下的追踪了1949—2021年中国铝的流量、存量和供需情况。结果表明: 1)1949—2021年中国铝土矿铝物质累计流入量5.86亿t, 国内开采与进口各占一半左右。实际铝物质累计消费量3.74亿t。生命周期内铝损失严重, 铝物质损失量2.39亿t。2)2021年人均铝物质社会存量208.9 kg/人, 与同经济发展时期的北美、日本基本一致。3)1990年以来中国再生铝产量快速增长, 累计0.77亿t, 以国内生产为主, 占比76.7%。随着含铝产品到达寿命及未来铝需求量的持续走高, 将迎来含铝产品的报废时代。建议从全生命周期的角度出发, 减少铝在各个环节的损失量; 合理布局再生铝产业, 提高再生铝的利用, 优化铝供应结构, 促进铝工业低碳转型, 支撑“双碳”目标的实现。     

2008年全球基本金属供需总览

据全球金属统计局（WBMS）统计,2008年全球铜市供应过剩32．9万吨,2007年全球铜市缺口为11．9万吨。WBMS称,2008年全球精炼铜产量增加2．8％至1848万吨。而全球精炼铜消费量小幅增至1816万吨。智利2008年铜产量首次超过300万吨。智利、保加利亚和赞比亚产量增加27．1万吨,中国产量增加28万吨。印度和日本产量分别减少4．9万吨和3．7万吨。     

江西危机矿山接替资源找矿收获丰

江西省危机矿山接替资源找矿项目实施两年多来取得了明显成效,初步估算新增资源量为：钨10万t,铁矿石约2500万t,金约5t,铜超过50万t,铅锌超过15万t,伴生金超过50t,伴生银超过500t。对江西省实现地质找矿新突破,提高江西紧缺和优势矿产资源保障程度,做大、做强、做优矿业经济,均有着重要意义。两年多来,在危机矿山接替资源找矿项目实施过程中,江西省先后开展了钨、铜、铁、煤、金、石膏6个矿种30个大中型矿山的接替资源找矿工作,中央财政、省财政、企业自筹共投入经费1．57亿元。     

我国短缺矿产的问题和对策—铜

我国是世界上铜资源较丰富的国家之一,全国铜总资源量达1.5亿t,据’96中国矿产资源报告,中国累计探明铜矿储量7176万t,保有储量6252万t。按照美国矿业局的标准,我国的保有储量大致相当于其储量基础,这样,我国的铜储量在世界上大致排列第三位,居智利     

推进硼行业转型升级 助力地方经济发展

<正>中国无机盐工业协会硼化工分会2019年年会暨全国无机盐信息总站硼化物协作组技术交流会在丹东召开。来自全国无机盐工业协会硼化工分会成员、科研院所专家教授、硼化工80余企业家代表聚集丹东,交流硼行业发展,商讨合资、合作机遇。目前全国共有硼矿山生产企业近30家,硼矿开采能力750万t,2018年产量约350万t,开工率46.7%。辽宁省是我国最大的硼资源产地和硼工业生产基地。矿石累计探明储量3.34亿t,B_2O_3组分量2873万t,     

碳中和背景下我国清洁能源发展所需矿产资源供需特征

碳达峰、碳中和迫切需要加大清洁能源供给,而清洁能源发展需要更高的矿产资源消耗强度。分析了镍、铅、铜、锌、铝、铁6种清洁能源所需关键矿产资源的供需特点,结果表明：精炼镍、精炼铜供需缺口较大,次为锌板,年均缺口占年均消费量比例分别为34.23%、30.46%、7.56%;预测未来达到需求峰值时,精炼镍、精炼铜、锌板缺口占需求峰值的比例分别为34%、30%、8%;镍矿、铜矿、铁矿资源的对外依存度较高,铝矿资源对外依存度次之,铅锌矿资源对外依存度较小。随着清洁能源技术对矿产资源的需求增长,针对供需缺口较大、对外依存度较高的矿种,中国需加强国际矿业合作,保障资源供应。     

哈萨克斯坦共和国能源矿产资源潜力

石油和天然气 在哈萨克斯坦共和国综合经济体系中,石油业在GDP中所占的比例近5%.石油和天然气探明的储量居世界13位,实际石油储量还要大得多,且大部分都集中在里海.据专家们估算,哈油气蕴藏量为230亿 t,其中130亿 t集中在里海.目前石油开采量占世界第6位,2000年达到了3100万t.可以有计划地开采的石油储量为97亿 t,居世界第7位.哈石油开采量正以每年10%速度稳定增长,若保持这种趋势,哈将来会成为相当重要的石油开采国,其资源潜力现在已允许石油年开采量达到1.2*1.4亿 t.近15*20年,来国内市场消费量仅2000万t左右,年出口石油的收入为10*20亿…     

刚果(金)Kambove矿区矿床特征及找矿方向

Kambove矿区位于中非铜钴成矿带刚果(金)段中部,区内已发现有Kamvoe、Kamoya、Kamfunduwa、Msesa、Shangolwe、Kabolela等多个矿床,累计开采出铜矿石超过1.2亿t,铜平均品位约5.3%。多数矿床开采较早,历史边界品位较高,当前技术条件下,该地区铜钴资源仍有很大开发价值和巨大找矿潜力。通过对区内矿床地质特征进行总结,分析矿床成因,总结成矿规律,为下一步找矿工作指明方向。     

中国主要有色金属矿产的供需形势

国内有色金属产消高速增长,国产原料供应严重短缺。国内铜产量约70%、铝产量约50%、铅产量约30%、锌产量约10%、镍产量约40%依靠进口原料生产,优势矿产锡也开始步入进口原料的行列。矿山开采消耗有色金属储量的速度快于矿产勘查新增储量的速度,矿产资源紧张形势依然严峻。应实施矿产资源全球配置战略,同时继续加强对国内矿产资源的勘查力度,提高国内资源的保证程度。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of