地理国情普查外业调绘核查系统设计与实现

外业调查与核查是地理国情普查重要任务之一。本文结合地理国情外业调绘工作,介绍了在移动设备中构建地理国情普查外业调绘核查系统的设计与实现,该系统可在外业调绘工作中发挥较大作用,提高外业调绘的工作效率,保证调绘数据的质量。     

浅谈地理国情监测外业调绘与核查的方法

地理国情监测外业调绘与核查是确保地理国情普查成果的真实性、准确性及提高地理国情普查成果质量的重要环节。介绍外业调绘与核查的目的、流程、准备工作及外业调绘与核查的内容,总结外业调绘与核查时应注意的问题,为保证地理国情监测外业任务的顺利开展提供参考。     

地理国情与基础地理信息数据同步更新外业调绘系统的构建

利用全新的外业数据调绘理念,在地图数据缓存切片技术、GPS定位技术及手持移动终端等技术设备基础上构建了地理国情与基础地理信息数据同步更新外业调绘系统,实现野外作业时,同一地物要素只需补测一次即可完成地理国情与基础地理信息数据的外业调绘工作,避免了重复外业采集生产,有利于降低地理国情与基础地理信息数据的更新成本。     

基于Android平台的基础测绘外业调绘核查系统的研究与开发

在传统的基础测绘外业调绘核查工作中,存在纸质地图携带不便、相关配套硬件设施繁重、定位困难、采集数据不精确等诸多问题。为了解决以上问题,本文设计开发了基于Android平台的基础测绘外业调绘核查系统,实现了全数字化外业调绘核查技术,为外业工作提供了一套全新的调绘核查方式。该系统在黑龙江省基础测绘绥化区试点中已得到应用,并取得了良好的反馈效果。     

便携式小型移动全景地理国情调绘核查技术研究

地理国情调绘核查关系到地理国情普查的可靠性和现势性,目前地理国情调绘核查以人工外业为主。本文提出了一种便携式小型移动全景调绘核查技术,以车载或人工背负携带式对地理国情调绘核查进行全过程360°实景记录,通过手持GPS终端实现全景影像自动地理参考;进一步与正射影像关联进行地理国情普查要素的室内核查与调绘,提高地理国情调绘核查乃至质检的效率和质量;另外在其他调查类业务中也具有很好的应用前景。     

Eps平台在不动产权籍调查内外业一体化中的应用

结合项目实际生产情况,本文提出了一种基于EpsGCM平台的电子调绘系统进行不动产权籍调查内外业一体化的生产模式,在已有地籍及影像资料的基础上,采用全数字化的外业调绘核查技术,进行不动产要素外业调查和权属信息验证,快速采集和编辑调查数据。总结了如何通过该技术方案与内业编辑工序进行衔接,实现内外业工作的一体化,并分析了该生产模式的优势和特点,可为其他同类外业调查项目提供参考。     

地理国情普查外业核查的电子调绘方法

第一次地理国情普查已经在全国范围内展开,电子调绘方法也取得了广泛应用。本文系统地分析了平板电脑的软硬件组成,介绍了电子调绘系统的发展历史,最后结合生产实践指出电子调绘方法能够提高外业核查效率,节约调查成本,是未来外业核查的发展方向。     

基于移动终端的地理信息核查技术应用研究

传统的航测外业调绘基本上是基于纸质调绘片的作业模式,这种外业调绘模式容易造成工作的重复、调绘信息的遗漏以及内外业衔接矛盾等问题,在一定程度上影响了航测数据的生产效率。为有效解决上述问题,建立一种全新的外业调绘模式,本文对基于移动终端的地理信息核查技术进行研究,实现了外业调绘成果的快速、高效采集以及内业和外业的一体化衔接,提高了的航测生产效率,实现了"内外一体"的信息化测绘生产体系。     

基于ArcPad的地理国情普查外业调查系统开发

通过ArcPAD Studio开发环境和VBScript开发工具以及VC++和ArcEngine 9.3,开发了适合全国第一次地理国情普查项目的外业调绘软件,解决了内外业作业数据不一致的情况,实现了两者一体化。通过Configuration和Layer两种开发方式,参考地理国情普查项目的相关规范,实现了地理要素覆盖数据及地理要素的采集、编辑,实现了样点照片及其相关属性的采集。本文还就数据预处理及采集后的数据后处理进行了阐述,使地理国情普查项目的外业调绘工作更加完整化、流程化。     

地名普查外业采集核查系统的建设与应用

在传统的地名普查外业采集核查工作中,存在地名定位困难、采集表携带不便、采集数据精度低、数据整理繁琐等诸多缺点。本文设计研发了基于Android平台的移动终端外业采集核查系统,实现了全数字化地名外业采集核查,为地名普查外业工作提供了一种全新的调绘核查方式。该系统在贵阳市地名普查中已正式投入使用,取得了良好的效果。     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data

The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.     

使用FME与VBA提取机场方格网高程数据

因受机场工程设计软件的测量数据容量限制,基于LiDAR采集、点云分类后得到的地面点云数据LAS不能完整应用于目前设计软件进行设计计算。本文通过对拟选技术方案的筛选,提出了利用FME Workbench数据处理功能,结合VBA编程获取外部方格网平面数据的方法。该方法在FME Workbench中实现了地面点云数据构建TIN、采用逐点内插方法从TIN中提取方格网高程数据、等高线生成及相应图形处理与成果输出。最终通过实际算例证明了该方法的有效性。     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

自动车辆定位导航系统中传感器的误差分析

对国界定位导航系统中几种常见的辅助传感器所产生的误差进行了分析，导出了不同传感器的误差模型。这些误差模型是估计车辆位置的扩展卡尔曼滤波器的基础，同时也为选择适当的传感器提供了理论根据。     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.