绥中天龙寺海滩养护方案研究

运用数值模拟方法研究了养滩后岸线变形和剖面侵蚀的情况,确定了沙滩养护方案为:采取以补沙基准岸线向海推进5 m,补沙设计高程为2.4 m的方式实施补沙工程,补沙量为4.48×104 m3。通过物理模型实验进行海滩侵蚀恢复评估,结果表明天龙寺海岸遭受侵蚀是暂时的,常浪作用下海岸剖面具有自我恢复能力,一定时间内可以恢复原状。     

日照市海岸带海滩沉积物粒度特征及物源分析

根据日照市海岸带2个重点海滩所采集的样品,通过粒度、磁化率、主微量及稀土元素等方面的调查资料,综合分析了研究区沉积物类型、分布特征、搬运路径及物质来源。结果表明,研究区沉积物类型以砂为主,在平行海岸方向上,沉积物粒径自北至南由细变粗。在垂直海岸方向上,从滩肩到滩面再到低潮线处,沉积物粒径逐渐变细。海滨国家森林公园海滩的分选性要好于万平口海水浴场海滩。沉积物受黄海沿岸流影响,多自北向南运移。海滩中浅部物质的来源与陆内一侧基岩中斜长片麻岩和二长花岗岩的关系较为密切,深部物质的来源与靠海一侧基岩中花岗斑岩和花岗闪长岩的关系较为密切。     

海平面上升—夹河断流背景下烟台套子湾海滩砂粒度变化

将烟台套子湾2021年与2005—2006年夹河口东西两侧海滩砂的粒度特征进行对比分析,揭示了近16年来套子湾海滩沉积物粒度特征变化对全球海平面上升—夹河入海水沙减少等过程的具体响应。研究表明,现代套子湾海滩砂样品以中砂、细砂为主,分选极好或好,标准偏差介于0.23~0.4,夹河口东侧的海滩砂平均粒径（Mz：1.39~1.64Φ）比西侧海滩砂平均粒径（Mz：1.47~1.91Φ）粗,主要组分中的粗砂和中砂含量比西侧高,表明现代夹河口东侧区域水动力较夹河口西侧强,该区海滩砂受到海洋动力的长期改造分选较好。近16年夹河口两侧海滩砂粒度明显粗化,表现在海滩砂平均粒径变粗、主要组分粒度变粗约0.5Φ、概率累积曲线的粗细截点变粗0.5~1Φ及滚动、跃移、悬移组分含量明显变化。夹河入海物质减少,海平面快速上升,导致海洋动力增强是研究区海滩砂粒度粗化、海滩侵蚀的主要原因,该研究结果可以为套子湾海滩防护提供科学指导。     

对北海市浅海滩涂规划利用的思考

浅海滩涂是社会经济发展的重要自然资源,是发展海洋产业的优势。充分发挥浅海滩涂的资源优势,科学、合理地规划利用好这一宝贵的海滩资源,是促进沿海经济持续、快速、健康发展的重要渠道。但是对浅海滩涂的开发利用,如果忽视了“统筹规划、合理利用”的原则,势必对环境和资源造成破坏,不利于海洋经济的健康发展。目前北海市浅海滩涂在规划利用、执法管理、依法用海等方面存在一些问     

咸水托起一片片繁华的城

濒临大海的城市,被人们赋予了一个形象而美丽的称呼：“蓝城”。走进“蓝城”,漫步在金色的海滩上,到处是缀满了五颜六色的遮阳伞,穿着泳衣的男男女女,像一只只飞舞的蝴蝶穿梭于海岸和大海中。海风拂面,聊天谈情．戏水弄舟,博浪击水,尽情享受着生活,每一个到过海边的人绝不会将美丽的海岸线与“恐怖”连在一起。     

什么是海啸

2004年12月26日,东南亚地区发生特大地震海啸,巨大的海浪越过海岸线,越过田野,迅猛袭击着岸边城市和村庄,瞬间人们都消失在巨浪中。在斯里兰卡、马来西亚、泰国、印度等国家,在狂涛的洗劫下,海滩上一片狼藉,到处是残木破板和人畜尸体,给人们带来十分巨大的灾难。那么什么是海啸呢?又是怎么引起的?     

红海滩:天外彩云落人间

辽宁是一片富庶的大地,以工业文明悠久而名闻遐迩。人们习惯上称她为“共和国长子”、“东方鲁尔”,这种比喻凸显了辽宁在中国工业化进程中不可替代的历史地位。盛名之下掩盖了她的另一面:土地膏腴,山川神秀,厚重的人文情怀和友爱亲和自然的古朴民风。辽宁的地质地貌呈东西山地     

北海市大陆海岸旅游地质特征及开发建议

广西北海市大陆海岸海滩类型多样,具有典型的滨海沉积标志,反映地壳升降的新构造运动的标志,典型的海蚀标志,突出的小构造形迹,尚好的非金属矿产及众多的滨海生物等。其特征明显,可作为科研、教学基地;进一步开发旅游业和第三产业,又可为北海市赢得较好的社会效益和经济效益。     

青岛汇泉湾海滩沉积规律及演化的成因研究

文章介绍水动力条件对青岛汇泉湾岬角型海滩沉积物空间分布特征与海滩形貌演化规律的控制作用,对风暴沉积和潮汐沉积的差异性进行对比研究,揭示风暴、潮汐、海浪以及沿岸流对海滩形貌演变的耦合作用,提出潮进和潮退两个新概念,得出纵向砾堤和纵向砂丘带组合分别代表潮进阶段与潮退阶段海滩形貌发育成熟标志的结论,并构建汇泉湾岬角型海滩潮间带砾脊—砂丘带—砾堤循环演化模型。     

北海冠头岭与青岛汇泉湾海滩沉积差异分析

文章为了探讨不同地质地理环境下海滩沉积物的差异性,通过2011—2016年多次对北海冠头岭和青岛汇泉湾海滩进行的实测及采样分析,在此基础上系统开展两地海滩表层沉积物横向及纵向变化的对比研究。结果表明,不同地质地理环境塑造出不同的海滩沉积物和海滩形貌,人类活动也深深影响着自然环境。     

烟台第一海水浴场沙源匮乏型海滩地貌和表层沉积物粒度特征

在烟台第一海水浴场,利用经纬仪进行2条海滩横剖面形态测量,并在不同地貌单元采集沉积物样品进行粒度分析。测量显示,该海滩仅有小规模沙坝和沟槽体系。后滨上有风成沉积,但滩肩和海岸沙丘发育均不明显。粒度分析结果表明,海滩沉积物以中砂、粗砂为主,杂以砾或细砂,比山东半岛其他海滩沉积物明显要粗。由陆向海沉积物呈带状分布,平均高潮线附近和沙坝迎水坡侵蚀作用均显著。因此认为缺乏沙源供应的基岩岬湾式海岸是导致沙滩地貌发育不典型、海滩侵蚀作用显著的主要原因。     

Impacts of land use change on landscape patterns in mountain human settlement: The case study of Hantai District(Shaanxi,China)

Mountain area is an important geographical unit of land,and its ecology is sensitive and fragile.Over the past few decades,human activities have caused dramatic changes in land use in mountainous areas,which caused changes in landscape patterns and impacts on the ecological environment.It is unknown how the mechanism of land use affects the landscape pattern at different scales.The Hantai District,a typical human settlement in the mountain area in Shaanxi,China,was chosen as the study area.Based on the remote sensing images,the mathematical models and landscape indexes were adopted to evaluate the impact of land use change from 1998 to 2017 on the landscape pattern at different scales,and its main driving forces were analyzed.The results showed that the urbanized land expanded largest from 15.39%to 24.30%,and cultivated land experienced the largest decline from 43.54%to 35.35%.Changes in land use have made the patch morphology of most land types developed from a natural random to a sawtooth shape,and its spatial pattern evolved from a ruleset to a fragmented expansion.This reflects the continuous strengthening of human intervention in the process of regional development.Under the jurisdiction of Hantai District,the biggest change in landscape pattern is in Hanzhong City and Qili Town.The improved economy and increasing population and urbanization rate were the main factors that cause these changes.This research could provide necessary information for understanding the evolution mechanism of land resources in mountainous human settlements for mountainous areas with significant geomorphic differentiation.     

边城廿八都

浙西南的江山市廿八都镇,地处浙闽赣三省交界。四面群山拱卫,仙霞古道穿镇而过,自古有“东南锁钥,入闽咽喉”之称。小镇类似文学家沈从文笔下的边城,当时“也有商人落脚的客店,坐镇不动的理发馆。此外,饭店、杂货铺、油行、盐栈、花衣庄,莫不各有一种地位,装点这条小河街。”而唐宋古道驿站遗址和明清古桥民居至今尚存。     

"一户一宅"的思考

《土地管理法》第六十二条规定,农村村民一户只能拥有一处宅基地。这对于节约集约用地,强化农村宅基地管理具有十分重要的指导意义。长期以来,农村旧的宅基地管理模式造成农村村民住房严重超标,一户多宅以及空心村的现象普遍存在,农村宅基地极度浪费。“一户一宅”制从当前全国农村的实际出发,对农村宅基地使用作出了科学合理的界定。但是,在执行“一户一宅”过程中,也出现一些新情况新问题,在市场经济条件下,这些新情况新问题必须在立法和实践中加以解决,并不断完善现有的制度,以达到科学合理地利用农村土地。     

房地产宏观政策期待加大执行力

4月27日,中国社会科学院城市发展与环境研究中心和社会科学文献出版社联合主办的2007年中国房地产高峰论坛暨《 房地产蓝皮书》2007年版出版发布会在北京举行.来自中国社会科学院、国土资源部、建设部、国家统计局、中国房地产协会等部门的专家、学者和官员出席了会议.     

Influence of the roots of mixed-planting species on the shear strength of saline loess soil

In order to improve our knowledge of the mechanical effect of the roots of mixed-plantings on soil reinforcement and slope protection,the influence of roots of a mixed-planting with four herb species(Medicago sativa L.,Elymus nutans Griseb.,Puccinellia distanx(L.),and Poa pratensis L.)and one shrub species(Caragana korshinskii Kom.)were investigated on the shear strength characteristics of saline loess soil.The root distribution characteristics were assessed via a survey when the plants grew for one year.The effects of the root biomass density,the root mass ratio(RMR)of the fine roots to the coarse roots,the moisture content,and the salt content on the shear strength index of the rooted soil were analyzed via a triaxial compression test,and the mechanism of these effects was discussed.The results indicate that the biomass density decreased linearly with increasing depth.The RMR initially decreased with depth and then increased,exhibiting in a quadratic relationship.The cohesion of the rooted soil increased linearly as the biomass density increased.The cohesion of the rooted soil initially increased with increasing RMR and salt content,and then it decreased.The turning point of the cohesion occurred when the RMR was 0.6 and the salt content was 1.18%.The internal friction angle of the rooted soil initially increased with biomass density and then decreased,and the turning point of the internal friction angle occurred when the biomass density was 0.015 g/cm3.The relationships between the internal friction angle of the rooted soil and the RMR and salt content were exponential incremental and linear subtractive relationship,respectively.Both the cohesion and the internal friction angle of the rooted soil linearly decreased with increasing moisture content.     

Combined Bearing Capacity of Spudcans on a Double Layer Deposit of Strong-Over-Weak Clays

An extreme sea storm process can lead to a jack-up rig under the combined loading condition of vertical load(V), horizontal load(H), and moment(M) to have stability problems. This paper presents the analysis of combined bearing capacities of a circular spudcan on layered clays with a strong layer overlying a comparatively weaker layer. Numerical models combined with displacement-based load tests, swipe tests, and constant ratio displacement probe tests are adopted to calculate the uniaxial bearing capacities, failure envelopes in combined V-H, V-M planes, and failure envelopes in a combined V-H-M load space, respectively. A parametric study on the effects of vertical load level V, the layer strength ratio s_u,t/s_u,b, and the hard layer thickness t_1 on the bearing capacities is then performed. Results show that the vertical load level is a key factor that influences the values of H and M and the size of the H-M failure envelope. The existence of the underlying weak clay decreases the bearing capacities in all directions, and the vertical capacity Vult is affected more than the horizontal(H_ult) and moment(M_ult) capacities based on a single uniform deposit. The influence of the underlying weak clay on H-M failure envelope is mainly shown where H and M are coupled in the same direction. In contrast, little difference is observed when H and M are coupled in opposite directions.     

Characteristics and dynamics of the Ganqiuchi rock avalanche triggered by a paleo-earthquake in the Northern Qinling Mountains

Analyzing large prehistoric rock avalanches provides significant data for evaluating the disaster posed by these relatively infrequent but destructive geological events. This paper attempts to study the characteristics and dynamics of the Ganqiuchi granitic rock avalanche, in the middle of the northern margin of Qinling Mountains, 30 km to the south of Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China. In plane view, this rock avalanche is characterized by source area, accumulation area and dammed lake area. Based on previous studies, historical records and regional geological data, the major trigger of the Ganqiuchi rock avalanche is considered to be a strong paleo-earthquake with tremendous energy. The in situ deposit block size distributions of the intact rock mass and the debris deposits are presented and analyzed by using a simple model for estimating the number of fragmentation cycles that the blocks underwent. The results show that the primary controlling factor of the fragmentation process is the pre-existing fractures, and there is a relationship between the potential energy and the fragmentation energy: the latter is approximately 20% of the former. Based on the dynamic discrete element technique, the study proposes a four-stage model for the dynamic course of the Ganqiuchi rock avalanche:(1) failing;(2) highspeed sliding;(3) collision with obstacles;(4) decelerated sliding, which has implication for hazard assessment of the potential rock avalanches in China and other countries with similar geological setting.     

湘西自治州贯彻执行《土地管理法》调查报告

为推进湘西自治州贯彻执行《中华人民共和国土地管理法》(以下简称《土地管理法》)工作的健康发展,州政协委员视察组一行13人,对《土地管理法》颁布实施以来全州8     

Oxidation Modification of Polyacrylonitrile-Based Carbon Fiber and Its Electro-Chemical Performance as Marine Electrode for Electric Field Test

A novel sensor for ocean electric field testing has been fabricated by polyacrylonitrile-based on carbon fibers with electro-chemical oxidation.The surface profile characteristics of the carbon fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscope,Fourier transform infrared spectra and contact angle.Cyclic voltammetry and Tafel curves have been used to study its electro-chemical performances.Two identical electrodes in sea water as the electric field sensor will swiftly respond to applied electric field which causes positive and negative ions to move in opposite direction,resulting in a electric potential difference(ΔE).Test result indicates that the offset potential is typically below 1 m V with a drift of 60-170μVd^-1.Typical self noise level is 1.07 nV√Hz^1/2@1 Hz.The electric field response indicates that the modified electrode pair shows better response to AC sine signal of amplitude and frequency(5 mV and 1 mHz)respectively than its blank.The electric field response model of the modified electrodes is creatively presented according to its electric double layer capacitance and Faraday pseudo-capacitance.Many advantages of the carbon fiber electric field electrode will make it have potential application prospect.