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发展高速铁路是解决城市间交通问题的有效途径,但其所产生的振动和噪声引起的环境问题,对铁路沿线居民及周围建筑等造成不利影响。在对高速铁路引起的振动问题进行的研究中,关于高速列车引起的地基土振动随深度变化的相对较少。因此,本文针对Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ类场地条件下的路堤式和高架桥式高速铁路,对0—5m不同深度处地基土的振动加速度响应进行了现场测试,并以测试数据为基础,分析了不同场地条件下高速列车引起的地基土振动加速度响应随深度的变化规律。结果表明,不同场地条件下,高速列车引起的振动加速度响应随深度的变化规律具有显著差异;Ⅱ类和Ⅲ类场地条件下,高速列车引起的地基土振动加速度响应总体随深度的增加而逐渐减小,并呈先快后慢的衰减趋势;而Ⅳ类场地条件下,高速列车引起的地基土振动加速度响应随深度的增加呈现先减小后放大的趋势,在深3m处加速度达到最大值。高速列车运行引起的振动频带随深度的变化特征与场地相关。 相似文献
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高速地铁列车是一种运行速度可达160 km/h远高于普通地铁最高速度80 km/h的新型地铁列车。其车辆力学特性与高铁列车基本相同,其轨道运行条件与普速列车轨道运行条基本相同。地铁列车竖向振动影响列车上部结构供电及受力性能,目前高铁及普速列车在各自轨道上运行时列车的振动特性研究较为成熟,但高铁列车在普速铁路上运行时的振动特性的研究尚属空白。聚焦高速地铁列车在普速轨道上运行时的车辆振动特性,基于OpenSees软件建立普速及高速地铁列车的车-轮-轨二维有限元模型;利用我国普速轨道谱考虑其频谱特征随机生成20个440 m长轨道不平顺样本;通过有限元法分析了普速和高速地铁列车在不同运行速度及不同平顺程度下的竖向位移响应及统计参数,研究了高速及普速地铁列车竖向振动随运行速度的变化规律。研究表明:高速地铁列车与普速地铁列车的不平顺轨道振动远大于平顺轨道振动。高速列车与普速列车在竖向振动随速度变化特性上存在差异,高速列车的竖向振动位移幅值远小于普速列车,相较于普速列车振动更加稳定。 相似文献
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天兴洲公铁两用斜拉桥主梁纵向列车制动振动反应分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文对天兴洲公铁两用斜拉桥主梁纵向列车制动的振动反应进行了研究。天兴洲大桥是目前在建的世界上跨度最大的公铁两用斜拉桥,由于具有四线铁路,其主梁在列车制动及行车移动荷载作用下会沿纵向产生大幅振动,因此对其列车制动及行车移动荷载反应进行研究尤为必要。文中,首先根据车辆动力学的原理建立了列车制动动力学模型,获得了列车制动力纵向荷载及在制动过程中列车行走所产生的竖向荷载,并建立制动力传递有限元模型,应用有限元分析软件来获取钢轨上制动力及列车行走时引起的桥梁结构节点上的作用力时程。最后对天兴洲公铁两用斜拉桥主梁纵向列车制动及行车移动荷载的振动反应进行了仿真分析,发现了其主梁纵向列车制动反应具有位移大且速度极小的特点。 相似文献
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为分析高速列车运行引起的地表处振动峰值加速度随距轨道中心线距离的变化特征,选择8个不同场地类型及路基形式的工程场地进行高速列车运行引起的地表振动加速度测试。研究结果表明,高速列车引起的地表振动加速度随距轨道中心线距离的变化特征因场地条件和路基形式的不同存在显著差异;Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ类场地条件下,高速列车引起的地表三分量振动加速度均随距轨道中心线距离的增加而减小,且距轨道近距离处峰值加速度衰减较快,远距离处衰减较慢,Ⅰ类场地条件下,高速列车引起的地表振动加速度随距轨道中心线距离的增加呈先增大后减小的趋势;对于相同路基形式的高速铁路,Ⅲ类场地条件下地表振动峰值加速度随距轨道中心线距离的增加减小速度最快,Ⅱ类场地次之,Ⅳ类场地衰减最慢。 相似文献
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地球上的环境噪声作为被动震源已被用于地球内部结构研究,在地球科学与工程方面取得了良好的应用效果.随着人类活动频繁加剧,由移动交通工具产生的交通噪声,已经成为一种特别需要关注的环境噪声被动震源.高速运行列车产生的交通噪声,相比其他交通噪声能量强,连续稳定,并且具有可重复性,特别是近十几年来,中国高速铁路发展迅速,形成了覆盖中国大陆的高速铁路网络,为大范围、长期观测高速列车产生的交通噪声并研究其应用提供了基础.我们利用地震勘探检波器,分别采集高速列车运行产生的地震记录以及相同位置无高速列车运行的环境噪声,对地震记录信号以及环境噪声进行了频谱分析以及地震波干涉等处理.频谱分析结果显示,高速列车运行产生的地震信号能量约是环境噪声能量的103倍,而地震信号频率成分与高速列车运行速度相关.我们分别对高速列车运行产生的地震信号与环境噪声进行了地震波干涉处理,重建出地震初至波以及续至波信息,经过初步分析,重建的初至波地震波场揭示了地表地震波传播特征,而续至波波场十分复杂.高速列车作为一种移动被动震源产生的地震记录具有应用潜力. 相似文献
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深季节冻土区列车行驶路基振动数值模拟研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
分析大庆深季节冻土区铁路路基的冬季现场加速度监测结果,获得了列车经过时铁路路基冻结地表振动加速度的时程特性及其衰减规律,并运用动力有限元方法进行了动力响应分析。研究结果表明:①随着列车行驶速度的增大,路基振动加速度亦增大,且重载货车振动响应大于高速客车;②列车行驶引起的路基振动加速度幅值,随着距线路中心距离的增加而迅速衰减;③应用有限元方法分析列车行驶路基振动特性是可行的。本文为研究深季节冻土区铁路路基振动特性提供了一种分析方法,对加深了解深季节冻土区铁路路基振动特性具有重要意义。 相似文献
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高速铁路路基动土压力测试信号的小波分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
阐述了小波分析的基本原理与方法,选用Daubechies小波对某高速铁路路基土压力的现场振动测试信号进行分析处理。由此对高速列车荷载作用下,路基动土压力产生的机理及其土压力的构成进行较深入的研究。 相似文献
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利用地震仪器对火车通过大同—秦岭铁路线产生的振动进行了观测. 观测中使用了两套宽频带地震仪和一套短周期地震仪,共获得距铁路0~2.15km的9个观测点的38次列车振动观测数据,全部记录均可分辨出清晰的地震波形. 研究表明:运动列车会在铁路沿线2~3km范围内产生明显的地面振动,接收到的振动频谱在0.05~20Hz范围内平坦,信号频带较宽,观测重复性好. 列车振动为利用地震勘探方法探测地下浅层结构提供了一种重复性很好的新震源. 相似文献
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The development of analysis on train-induced ground vibration is briefly summarized. A train-track-ground integrated dynamic
model is introduced in the paper to predict the ground vibration induced by high-speed trains. Representative dynamic responses
of the train-track-ground system predicted by the model are presented. Some major results measured from two field tests on
the ground vibration induced by two high-speed trains are reported. Numerical prediction with the proposed train-track-ground
model is validated by the high-speed train running experiments. Research results show that the wheel/rail dynamic interaction
caused by track irregularities has a significant influence on the ground acceleration and little influence on the ground displacement.
The main frequencies of the ground vibration induced by high-speed trains are usually below 80 Hz. Compared with the ballasted
track, the ballastless track structure can produce much larger train-induced ground vibration at frequencies above 40 Hz.
The vertical ground vibration is much larger than the lateral and longitudinal components. 相似文献
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Finite element analyses were used to investigate the behavior of the building vibration induced by high-speed trains moving on bridges. The model includes the bridge, nearby building, soil and train. Finite element results indicate that trainload frequencies are more important than the natural frequencies of bridges and trains for building vibrations. If the building natural frequencies approach to the trainload frequencies, which equal an integer times the train speed over the compartment length, the resonance occurs and the building vibration will be large. Moreover, the vibration shape is similar to the mode shape of the resonance building frequency. To isolate the building vibration induced by moving trains, this paper investigates three common types of foundations, which include the extension of retaining walls, pile foundation and soil improvement around the building. Soil improvement around the building is the best way to reduce the building vibration both in horizontal and vertical directions. 相似文献
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沪宁城际铁路高架桥段CRH动车组运行引起的地面振动现场测试与分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对沪宁城际铁路CRH动车组运行引起的高架桥段地面振动竖向速度和加速度进行了现场测试,分析了地面振动特征及其传播的衰减规律。结果表明:CRH动车组运行引起的地面振动主频在70Hz以下,属于低频振动;地面振动峰值速度和加速度随着离高架桥距离的增大而减小,20m以内地面振动衰减幅度较大;地面振动峰值随列车时速的提高而增大,车厢数量对地面振动峰值和主频成分的影响不明显;CRH动车组运行引起的地面振动对一般性建筑物影响不大,列车时速为300km左右时,地面振动速度超过办公室等公共建筑的允许值,列车时速为200km左右时,地面振动速度超过居民住宅的允许值;与其他高速铁路的地面振动实测值相比,沪宁城际铁路CRH动车组运行引起的高架桥段地面振动强度相对较低。 相似文献
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A field measurement of ground vibration was performed on the Beijing−Shanghai high-speed railway in China. In this paper, the experimental results of vertical ground vibration accelerations induced by very high speed trains running over a non-ballasted track on embankment with speeds from 300 to 410 km/h are reported and analyzed in detail for the first time. Characteristics of ground vibration accelerations in both time and frequency domains are analyzed based on the test data. It is shown that the periodic exciting action of high-speed train bogies can be identified in time histories of vertical accelerations of the ground within the range of 50 m from the track centerline. The first dominant sensitive frequency of the ground vibration acceleration results from the wheelbase of the bogie, and the center distance of two neighboring cars plays an important role in the significant frequencies of the ground vibration acceleration. Variations of time–response peak value and frequency-weighted vertical acceleration level of ground vibration in relation with train speed as well as the distance from the track centerline are also investigated. Results show that the time-domain peak value of ground vibration acceleration exhibits an approximately linear upward tendency with the increase of train speed. With the increasing distance from the track centerline, the frequency-weighted vertical acceleration level of the ground vibration attenuates more slowly than the time-domain peak value of the ground vibration acceleration does. Severe impact of high-speed railway ground vibration on human body comfort on the ground occurs at the speed of 380–400 km/h. The results given in the paper are also valuable for validating the numerical prediction of train induced ground vibrations. 相似文献
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我国每天有数千趟高铁列车运行在两万多公里的高铁线路上,不但会引起高铁路基的振动,还会激发出地震波.地震检波器所接收到的数据中不仅包含窄带分立谱特性的高铁震源地震信号,还包含宽频带特性的背景信号.如何实现从检波器所接收到的高铁震源地震数据中分离出高铁震源地震信号和宽频带背景信号是准确利用该类信号的关键.考虑到高铁震源地震信号与宽频带信号在频率域明显的形态特征差异,本文首次将形态成分分析这种信号分离手段引入到高铁震源地震信号处理中,实现高铁震源地震信号的稀疏化建模并进而实现从接收数据中分离出高铁震源地震信号以及宽频带背景信号.对北京大学在中国南方某高铁沿线采集到的大量高铁震源地震数据进行处理,结果表明:采用形态成分分析并结合分块坐标松弛算法,能够实现实际采集高铁震源地震数据中的高铁震源地震信号和宽频带信号的分离.
相似文献17.
In recent years, the high-speed train (HST) network has developed considerably, unfortunately increasing vibration nuisances in its neighbourhood. This paper aims to present some vibration measurements collected on a Belgian site located between Brussels and Paris/London and travelled by the Thalys and Eurostar high-speed trains, and to compare them with the results obtained by a recently developed model, involving the compound vehicle/track/soil system. Assuming that the soil can be reasonably decoupled from the track, the approach first considers the train/track subsystem. The latter is studied by combining a multibody model of the vehicle with a finite element model of the track, both so far limited to the vertical motion. The ground forces given by this first simulation are then applied on a finite/infinite element model of the soil subsystem, where the infinite elements are placed on the border of the mesh in order to properly represent an unbounded domain. Both simulations are performed in the time domain, offering the opportunity to include non-linearities. The good correspondence between numerical and experimental results shows that the model is reliable for predicting the vibration produced by the high-speed vehicles. Finally, the paper presents some cases showing the importance of including the complete vehicle and the soil layering to the model. 相似文献
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In this study a 3D numerical analysis approach is developed to predict the ground vibration around rigid-frame viaducts induced by running high-speed trains. The train-bridge-ground interaction system is divided into two subsystems: the train-bridge interaction and the soil-structure interaction. First, the analytical program to simulate bridge vibration with consideration of train-bridge interaction is developed to obtain the vibration reaction forces at the pier bottoms. The highspeed train is described by a multi-DOFs vibration system and the rigid-frame viaduct is modeled with 3D beam elements. Second, applying these vibration reaction forces as input external excitations, the ground vibration is simulated by using a general-purpose program that includes soil-structure interaction effects. The validity of the analytical procedure is confirmed by comparing analytical and experimental results. The characteristics of high-speed train-induced vibrations, including the location of predominant vibration, are clarified. Based on this information a proposed vibration countermeasure using steel strut and new barrier is found effective in reducing train-induced vibrations and it satisfies environmental vibration requirements. The vibration screening efficiency is evaluated by reduction VAL based on 1/3 octave band spectral analysis. 相似文献