铬磁铁矿催化异相Fenton法降解不同类型染料的对比研究

类质同象置换作用能显著增强磁铁矿的异相Fenton催化性能。目前,相关的研究大多采用亚甲基蓝作为模拟污染物。由于亚甲基蓝是阳离子型染料,而磁铁矿的零电荷点约为6.8,在中性条件下,亚甲基蓝很容易吸附在磁铁矿表面上。因     

类质同象置换对磁铁矿异相UV-Fenton催化降解TBBPA性能的影响

作为一类重要的铁氧化矿物,磁铁矿具有催化活性强、分布广泛、环境相容性好等优点,被认为是一种有广阔应用前景的矿物催化剂,并对地球系统的环境自净化过程有着重要的影响。天然磁铁矿的结构中广泛存在着类质同象置换,钛、     

钒掺杂磁铁矿的制备及其异相Fenton反应降解亚甲基蓝的研究

<正>在自然界中,磁铁矿(Fe3O4)结构中的铁离子常被一些过渡金属离子类质同象替换,导致其结构、电学、磁学和催化性能发生一定变化。近年来,相关研究表明:Co、Mn、Cr等类质同象替换磁铁矿结构中的Fe,能有效地提高磁铁矿的异相Fenton催化能力。而这些过渡金属离子掺杂作用对磁铁矿催化性能的影响,与掺杂离子的价态,占位以及掺杂量有关。     

云南金平马鞍山钛磁铁矿

钛磁铁矿产于角闪辉石岩、斜长角闪岩、角闪岩等变基性-超基性杂岩体中,是在深部构造活动控制和后期变质作用下形成的晚期结晶分异型矿床。     

钛掺杂磁铁矿吸附去除水中亚甲基蓝的研究

用一种新的合成方法在水相中合成了钛磁铁矿(Fe3-xTixO4),并用XRD和FTIR对已合成的Fe3-xTixO4进行了表征。结果表明:合成的Fe3-xTixO4为立方晶系尖晶石结构,样品中的钛离子都已经进入Fe3-xTixO4晶格中,且Fe3-xTixO4表面羟基量随着钛掺杂量的增加而增加。随后,以亚甲基蓝为模拟染料污染物,考察了Fe3-xTixO4的吸附性能。实验表明:钛掺杂能够显著促进Fe3-xTixO4对亚甲基蓝的吸附,吸附反应在0.5h内就能达到吸附平衡。     

陕西省紫阳县朱溪河钛磁铁矿地质特征

紫阳县朱溪河钛磁铁矿区分布着北西向碱基性岩脉群,钛磁铁矿体多产于规模大、分异好的辉绿岩体中部暗色相带内,与围岩呈渐变过渡关系,产状与含矿岩体产状基本一致。矿石自然类型为浸染状钛磁铁矿,矿石工业类型为需选弱磁钛磁铁矿石,矿床成因类型为岩浆晚期分异型。大比例尺磁法测量磁异常能较好的反映成矿信息。     

承德钒钛磁铁矿钒和钛物相的联测分析方法

依据承德地区大庙式钒钛磁铁矿床特征,通过人工重砂分离及单矿物化学分析并结合电子探针、岩矿鉴定结果查明了承德钒钛磁铁矿石中的含钒矿物主要是钛磁铁矿和磁铁矿,次要矿物是钛铁矿和硅酸盐;含钛矿物主要是钛铁矿、钛磁铁矿,次要矿物是金红石、榍石。根据承德钒钛磁铁矿石钒和铁呈正比的关系,选取代表性试样进行了钒钛物相分析项目的确定及溶剂选择的实验,最终确定了钒和钛物相分析测定流程。钒物相分析测定项目为磁铁矿和钛磁铁矿中的钒、钛铁矿中的钒、硅酸盐中的钒及总钒四项;钛物相分析测定项目为钛铁矿中的钛、磁铁矿和钛磁铁矿中的钛、金红石中的钛、硅酸盐中的钛及总钛五项。通过本方法测定的各种含钒和钛矿物含量占矿石中总钒和总钛含量的比例与人工重砂分析定量计算的各种含钒和钛矿物含量占矿石中总钒和总钛含量的比例是相互吻合的。对110件钒钛磁铁矿石样品进行了4种含钛矿物及3种含钒矿物物相分析,结果与实际地质成矿组分符合。本方法实现了钒钛磁铁矿中钒矿物和钛矿物的定量分离,确定了钒和钛物相联测分析流程,可以同时测定钒和钛矿物的含量。     

陕西安康地区辉绿岩体特征及钛磁铁矿成矿条件分析

陕西省南部发育大量辉绿岩体,该套岩性组合形成于大陆边缘裂谷构造环境,岩浆物质来源于下部地壳和上地幔,与辉绿岩体有关的钛磁铁矿体发育,仅紫阳—岚皋一带已达到大型规模,同时伴生有益组分可综合回收利用。矿体均赋存在侵入于早古生代地层中的基性辉绿岩体内;规模大的岩体一般具分异现象,分异现象明显的岩体内钛磁铁矿化明显。规模较大分异较好的辉绿岩体,是找矿有利地区。     

C岩体的铁镍磁铁矿和镍、镁、钛、铬四种磁铁矿相互间的关系

The ferroan-trevorite reported in this paper occurs in serpentinite massif, Sonthwestern China. 3.4--8.8 per cent of nickel, but no titanium, were detected by microprobe analysis in different grains. The reflectivity of ferroan-trevorite is 20.2---20.9 (590nm), microhardness Ht=541-610 kg/mm^2 (load 50g),α0 =8.38A. Titanium magnetite from L-Intrusive, Southwestern China, and from other intrusives of the world, may contain considerable amounts of chromium and magnesium,but no nickel, if any, has been found.     

内蒙古西乌珠穆沁旗阿拉坦高勒钒钛磁铁矿矿床地质特征

在内蒙古西乌旗阿拉坦高勒地区新发现了一个品位低、出露浅、规模大的钒钛磁铁矿矿床。其含矿母岩主体为辉长岩,其次有部分闪长岩、角闪辉长岩和橄榄辉长岩等岩石类型。钻孔岩心岩相学研究表明,基性程度高的橄榄辉长岩通常在含矿岩体的中下部,基性程度低的闪长岩通常在含矿岩体的上部及边部。矿石矿物组合主要为磁铁矿、含钒磁铁矿、钛磁铁矿、黄铁矿、黄铜矿及少量金红石。其中,磁铁矿、含钒磁铁矿和钛磁铁矿通常呈海绵陨铁状、浸染状及分散星点状分布在硅酸盐矿物粒间,表现出典型的岩浆熔离和结晶分异的结构特点,与四川攀枝花铁矿有一定的相似性。与传统的岩浆矿床不同的是,新发现的富矿体通常位于岩体的上部,且普遍发育围岩蚀变。研究认为后期热液叠加对现今矿床的形成与改造起到了一定的作用。     

吉林白山五道羊岔新太古代大型钒钛磁铁矿床地质特征及锆石U-Pb年龄

吉林白山五道羊岔新太古代大型钒钛磁铁矿是国内外首次发现的产于斜长角闪岩层状侵入体内的岩浆型铁矿,对于相似成矿地质条件区矿产资源勘查具有重要意义。该矿床位于吉林省南部龙岗古陆核南部边缘,板石沟绿岩带北侧。Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅵ号矿体位于斑杂状斜长角闪岩层状侵入体内,并具有成因联系。该岩体原岩为正角闪岩,构造环境为汇聚边缘岛弧环境。矿体形态为层状,矿石结构主要为自形-半自形-他形晶粒状结构、固熔体分离结构、海绵陨铁结构,矿石构造有致密块状构造、条带状构造、浸染状构造等。矿石金属矿物主要为磁铁矿、钛铁矿。对磁铁矿、钛铁矿进行了电子探针微区成分分析,磁铁矿成因类型为岩浆熔离钛磁铁矿型。钛铁矿与理论化学成分基本一致。对斑杂状斜长角闪岩层状侵入体中锆石进行了地球化学分析,其稀土元素及微量元素特征显示锆石为岩浆锆石,采用LA-ICP-MS法进行了U-Pb定年,获得一条较好的不一致线,上交点年龄为(2526±35)Ma。     

碱性介质中水钠锰矿的合成与转化

水钠锰矿、钙锰矿是土壤和沉积物中常见的氧化锰矿物。本文用改进的方法在碱性介质中合成了结晶度高的单相水钠锰矿 ,其平均化学组成为Na0 .2 5MnO2 .0 70 .6 6H2 O。合成在常温 2 5℃以及机械搅拌作用下进行 ,反应易于控制 ,没有黑锰矿、六方锰矿等其它矿相生成。合成的单相水钠锰矿经Mg2 + 交换、热液处理 ,完全转化为结晶良好、隧道构造为 3× 3的钙锰矿。生成的钙锰矿呈长短不一的纤维状 ,沿三个方向生长的晶体形成各交 12 0°角的三连晶结构 ,平均化学组成为Mg0 .1 6 MnO1 .570 .82H2 O     

杂多酸催化合成醋酸丁酯的研究

本文研究了以磷钼杂多酸为催化剂，以无水氯化钙为吸水剂催化合成醋酸丁酯，并探讨了酸反应条件。结果表明，磷钼杂多酸具有较高的催化活性和选择性，在最佳条件下，酯产率可达９６％，产品质量符合国标要求，该方法操作简便，条件容易控制，无污染。     

催化光度法测定化探样品中的痕量钯

本文对催化（Ce^＋4～Hg2^＋2体系）光度法测定钯的测定条件进行了实验和探讨。实验发现,在文献的基础上,改变试剂的加入顺序（先加Ce^＋4、后加Hg2^＋2）,延长催化反应时间到60min,可使该体系的检测下限降到0．18ng／g,因此,本文制定的分析方法可满足新地球化学研究对钯的测定要求（要求测定下限为0．2ng／g）用本文所制定的方法对含钯为：0．26、2．3、4．6、60．0ng／g的标样分别进行9次测定、其测定结果与标准值相符,相对标准偏差分别为：11．7％、10．4％、7．8％、4．8％。     

Synthesis of Fe-pumpellyite and its stability relations with epidote

Hydrothermal synthesis of Fe-pum-pellyites was conducted using high pressure cold-seal apparatus and solid oxygen buffering techniques at temperatures between 250°C and 550°C and 2.0–9.1 kbar P_fluid. Fe-pumpellyites were synthesized from partially crystalline gel mixtures of compositions: 4CaO - 2.1Al₂O₃_1.5FeO - 0.3MgO - 6SiO₂ (II) and 3CaO - 1.5 Al₂O₃ - 2.7FeO - 0.3MgO - 6SiO₂ (III) in the presence of excess H₂O at P_fluid of 5–9.1 Kbar, temperatures between 275°C and 325°C, and f_O2 defined by the QFM and HM buffers; for both of these compositions (II and III), the condensed synthetic run products included minor 7Å chlorite ± garnet ± Fe-oxide. The cell dimensions and aggregate refractive index (a= 19.13(2)Å, b= 5.940(4)Å, c= 8.847(5)Å, ±= 97.37(6)±, and n= 1.702(2)) of the pum-pellyite synthesized from the bulk composition II mix are compatible with those of natural pumpellyites containing similar total Fe contents. Attempts at synthesizing Fe-pumpellyites from a Mg-free bulk composition were not successful; these results are consistent with the total absence of natural Mg-free pumpellyites. The higher temperature, higher oxygen fugacity assemblages of the equivalent bulk compositions (II and III) consist of epidote ± minor amounts of chlorite, garnet, quartz, hematite, and magnetite. The results of these synthesis experiments accord with the mineral parageneses observed in low-grade metabasites which imply that Fe-pumpellyites are replaced by epidote with increasing temperature and/or f_O2 and that Fe³⁺ is preferentially partitioned into epidote with respect to coexisting pum-pellyite. In addition, these synthesis experiments indicate that Fe-bearing pumpellyites crystallize at and are stable to lower temperatures than more aluminous pumpellyites—a result also consistent with natural systems.     

Investigation of catalytic effects of indigenous minerals in the pyrolysis of Aleksinac oil shale organic matter

The catalytic effect of indigenous minerals in the pyrolysis of Aleksinac (Yugoslavia) oil shale was studied in this paper. The substrates were prepared by gradual removal of the mineral constituents (carbonates, silicates, pyrite) and the free and bound bitumens. The substrates were analyzed by chemical methods, X-ray diffraction, porosimetry, thermal analysis, ¹³C NMR, and standard ASTM Micro Activity Test (MAT) designed for the investigation of cracking catalysts. The liquid pyrolysis products were analyzed by organic geochemical techniques as well. Based on the yields of gaseous and liquid products and the coke, conversion degrees, GC analyses (MAT parameters) and weight losses (TG parameter), the catalytic effect of indigenous mineral components in the pyrolysis of Aleksinac oil shale organic matter was found to be very low. The results suggested that principal organic matter changes should be attributed to thermal rather than to catalytic cracking.     

稀有矿物锰方硼石的合成及其矿床地质意义

锰方硼石为稀有的锰氯硼酸盐(Mn3B7O13Cl)矿物, 首次发现于美国德克萨斯州钱伯斯郡盐丘回收的卤水中, 中国天津市蓟县赋存有世界上独一无二的锰方硼石矿床。采用五水平三因素(L25(53))的25组正交试验, 利用焙烧法人工合成锰方硼石, 得到锰方硼石的形成温度为250~400 ℃,弱酸性,高氯环境。实验条件下,最佳形成条件为400 ℃、C氯离子/C锰离子=2.5、pH=6。3种影响反应的因素中, 温度为主要因素。采用水热法在最优合成条件下得到了晶形比较完好的锰方硼石,平均粒度为600 nm。通过对钱伯斯郡盐丘和天津蓟县锰方硼石矿床的地质特征的分析讨论,认为蓟县锰方硼石矿床是海底热液成因,成矿温度低于400 ℃,并提出成矿模型。     

Synthesis,characterization of CdS/rectorite nanocomposites and its photocatalytic activity

CdS/rectorite nanocomposite was synthesized via a cation-exchange reaction followed by a sulfurization process. The obtained samples were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), transmission electron microscope (TEM), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS), and thermal analysis. The measured results indicate that CdS species in the composites exist in the form of pillars and nanoparticles, the crystallized CdS particles are in the hexagonal symmetry. The photocatalytic activities of the pillared nanocomposite were enhanced significantly comparing with the bare rectorite and the pure CdS. Moreover, the photostabilities of the obtained nanocomposites are also better than that of the pure CdS due to the hosts retard the photocorrosion of the CdS.     

含锌富铁矿物材料催化非均相Fenton反应对水中OG的脱色降解研究

从含铁工业固体废渣中分离出来一种含锌富铁矿物材料(WMT)作为非均相Fenton催化剂,并深入研究WMT对水中偶氮染料橙黄G (orange G, OG) 的催化Fenton氧化脱色降解性能。采用批处理氧化实验方法,探讨在不同条件下WMT对水中OG非均相Fenton氧化脱色降解的效果差异,确定优化工艺参数。研究表明,WMT催化的OG非均相Fenton脱色降解,主要表现为在暗反应下大都遵循零级动力学模型(R²>0.96),但在可见光条件下却遵循伪一级动力学模型(R²>0.97)。而且,WMT具有很好的非均相光-Fenton催化性能。因此,WMT是一种潜在的并可供选择的对OG去除的非均相光-Fenton催化剂。