Magmatic evolution and rare earth element enrichment of Saima alkaline complex,Liaoning, ChinaSCIEI北大核心CSCD

赛马碱性杂岩体位于我国辽东半岛,是一个典型的铀-铌和稀土多金属矿化杂岩体,富含重稀土,其复杂的演化过程和稀土元素富集机制仍没有得到有效约束。本文对该碱性杂岩体中角闪辉石正长岩、正长岩、黑云正长岩、云霓霞石正长岩和异霞正长岩5类岩石及锆石的元素地球化学特征进行了系统研究,并开展了特征矿物包裹体的显微岩相学研究,旨在限定杂岩体母岩浆的演化路径,揭示稀土元素的富集机制。研究结果显示,赛马碱性杂岩体的母岩浆经历了由钾质碱性(角闪辉石正长岩、正长岩和黑云正长岩),到钾质过碱性(云霓霞石正长岩),向钠质过碱性(异霞正长岩)的充分演化。在演化过程中赛马碱性杂岩体母岩浆的体系状态发生了明显变化,碱性岩浆演化受流体不饱和的纯岩浆体系的控制,而过碱性岩浆岩则形成于流体过饱和的岩浆体系,且异霞正长岩母岩浆流体的饱和程度明显高于云霓霞石正长岩的母岩浆。研究还显示,钾质碱性岩浆稀土元素的地球化学行为主要受控于磷灰石等矿物的分离结晶,而成矿的钠质过碱性岩浆稀土、锆和铌等元素的富集成矿则主要受富CO_(2)的高盐度岩浆热液的控制。     

云南建水县长岭岗碱性侵入岩体岩石特征与成因

云南建水县长岭岗碱性侵入岩体由碱长正长岩、霞石正长岩(广义的)构成。其中霞石正长岩(广义的)可进一步划分为黑云霞石正长岩、霓辉霞石正长岩、黑榴霞石正长岩和霞石正长岩。岩石属过碱性岩石,轻稀土富集,具负铕异常和负铈异常。该碱性侵入岩形成于板块内部环境的可能性较大,可能是在地幔底辟的作用下由地壳下部物质重熔形成。     

滇东南个旧白云山碱性岩年代学和地球化学及成因意义

报道了滇东南个旧超大型锡多金属矿区西区北部白云山碱性岩新的锆石U-Pb年龄、全岩地球化学和Sr-Nd同位素数据。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,白云山碱性正长岩形成于晚白垩世(80.0±0.6 Ma),与个旧地区的中基性岩及花岗岩均为同一次构造岩浆事件的产物;碱性正长岩与霞石正长岩具有相似的主微量元素地球化学特征及Sr-Nd同位素组成,暗示二者很可能是源于同一富集地幔源区并经历了不同程度演化的产物。结合已有的元素和同位素组成结果,认为碱性岩、中基性岩和成矿花岗岩很可能分别源自富集的岩石圈地幔、正常的岩石圈地幔和地壳源区。在晚白垩世伸展构造背景控制下,源于不均一岩石圈地幔的碱性和中基性的岩浆底侵,促使中下地壳岩石部分熔融形成花岗质熔体,在上升至近地表过程中引起构造活动带成矿物质的富集,从而形成个旧超大型锡多金属矿床的矿化格局。可以说,源于富集地幔的碱性岩浆在含矿花岗质岩浆的成岩成矿过程中,应不只是提供热量的贡献。     

山西紫金山环状杂岩体的成因:伸展背景下不同源区岩浆的混合作用——来自Hf-Nd-Sr同位素的制约

山西紫金山杂岩体是我国最为著名的碱性环状杂岩体之一.该杂岩体的岩相由外向内分别为二长岩、透辉石正长岩、含霞石透辉石正长岩、霞石正长岩、正长斑岩质角砾岩、假白榴石响岩质角砾岩.最外围二长岩中锆石的内部结构显示其有两类,一类锆石整体具有岩浆型特征的振荡环带,另一类锆石除了边部的振荡环带外还有较为明显的核.     

云南个旧似长石正长岩类及其岩石成因

云南个旧碱性岩体主要的岩石类型有碱性正长岩和似长石正长岩,其中,似长石正长岩中出现大量似长石矿物霞石、方钠石和碱性暗色矿物。本文根据矿物成分及特征,将这些似长石正长岩进一步划分为黑榴霞石方钠正长岩、霞石方钠正长岩、霞石正长岩及方钠霞石正长岩4类。岩石地球化学结果表明,4类岩石的地球化学行为整体表现出过碱质岩的特征,K2O+Na2O含量很高,为钾玄岩系列,同时表现出钾质的特点。分异指数高,呈现高度分异演化特点。稀土元素变化大,轻重稀土元素分异明显,富集轻稀土元素,亏损重稀土元素。微量元素富集大离子亲石元素Th、U及Zr、Hf等高场强元素,亏损Ba、Sr大离子亲石元素,而P和高场强元素Ta、Ti亏损,同时Cr、Co、Ni含量非常低,具有中等的负Eu异常和微弱的负Ce异常。研究表明,似长石正长岩在岩浆演化过程中表现出明显的分离结晶作用特征,且岩浆起源温度较高,约为835℃,起源较深。个旧似长石正长岩为A型岩套A1亚型,结合构造判别图解,认为其可能来自角闪石或者金云母相矿物存在的富集地幔,形成于燕山晚期伸展的构造背景,岩浆在较高温度下高度结晶分异,并在侵位过程中伴随陆壳成分的混染。     

滇东南个旧白云山碱性岩年代学和地球化学及成因意义滇东南个旧白云山碱性岩年代学和地球化学及成因意义

报道了滇东南个旧超大型锡多金属矿区西区北部白云山碱性岩新的锆石U-Pb年龄、全岩地球化学和Sr-Nd同位素数据。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,白云山碱性正长岩形成于晚白垩世（80.0±0.6 Ma）,与个旧地区的中基性岩及花岗岩均为同一次构造岩浆事件的产物;碱性正长岩与霞石正长岩具有相似的主微量元素地球化学特征及Sr-Nd同位素组成,暗示二者很可能是源于同一富集地幔源区并经历了不同程度演化的产物。结合已有的元素和同位素组成结果,认为碱性岩、中基性岩和成矿花岗岩很可能分别源自富集的岩石圈地幔、正常的岩石圈地幔和地壳源区。在晚白垩世伸展构造背景控制下,源于不均一岩石圈地幔的碱性和中基性的岩浆底侵,促使中下地壳岩石部分熔融形成花岗质熔体,在上升至近地表过程中引起构造活动带成矿物质的富集,从而形成个旧超大型锡多金属矿床的矿化格局。可以说,源于富集地幔的碱性岩浆在含矿花岗质岩浆的成岩成矿过程中,应不只是提供热量的贡献。     

安徽金寨响洪甸碱性杂岩体中碳酸盐脉成因初探

响洪甸碳酸盐脉呈脉状穿插于碱性杂岩侵入体中,与霞石正长岩和霓辉正长岩密切共生,富SiO₂、Na₂O,稀土含量明显高于壳源的沉积成因碳酸盐岩。岩脉与围岩霞石正长岩和霓辉正长岩有类似的稀土元素含量、稀土分配模式,轻稀土富集,Eu、Ce负异常,二者具有同源性;稀土和微量元素具有岩浆碳酸岩特征。微量元素相对富集大离子亲石元素Sr、K、LREE,强烈亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti、Zr、P。初步认为响洪甸碳酸盐脉是以岩浆成因为主的火成碳酸岩,其来源于地幔源的部分熔融作用,后期可能有残余岩浆热液叠加改造。     

南秦岭早古生代碱性岩地球化学特征及其成因机制：研究进展与展望

南秦岭地区在早古生代经历了大规模且持续性的碱性岩浆活动,其丰富的碱性岩石记录为探索深部地幔物质组成、壳内岩浆演化过程以及地球动力学演化机制提供了珍贵的地质载体。文章基于团队近期对于区域上典型碱性岩的地球化学分析结果和成因机制探讨,旨在对南秦岭早古生代碱性岩浆的源区和演化过程进行全面地约束。南秦岭早古生代碱性岩石类型主要包括一套成分从碱性玄武质向粗面质变化,呈双峰式分布的碱性火山- 侵入岩组合,以及少量与碱性硅酸岩（角闪辉石岩、正长岩）- 碳酸岩共生杂岩体。岩相学、年代学和地球化学证据显示这些碱性岩具有相同的地幔源区,其中演化程度较低的镁铁质端元记录了南秦岭早古生代交代岩石圈地幔的部分熔融事件,交代介质主要为硅酸盐熔体。演化程度较高的碱性岩端元（粗面- 正长岩、碳酸岩）来源于初始镁铁质组分的岩浆分异过程,其中粗面- 正长岩类主要受到以长石和单斜辉石为主的分离结晶作用控制。中生代热液交代过程主要记录在北大巴山东部和武当地块西南缘的早古生代碱性岩体中,热液交代作用促进了碳酸岩杂岩体中稀土元素的富集成矿。副矿物年代学和独居石Nd同位素特征反映了热液可能形成于岩体本身的再活化事件,晚三叠世秦岭地区的造山运动可能对此过程具有促进作用。     

紫金山岩体的热力构造类型、期次及其对鄂尔多斯盆地东缘多种能源矿产的影响作用

紫金山岩体是鄂尔多斯盆地东缘一个多期次形成的碱性杂岩体,从外到内可分为六个相带,地貌上构成了正向穹窿型热力构造.二长岩、霓辉正长岩、暗霞正长岩和霞石正长岩四个相带构成中浅成侵入型热力构造;响岩、响岩质火山角砾岩和粗面斑岩、粗面质火山角砾岩两个相带构成了表浅层火山喷发型热力构造.三叠纪以来紫金山有三期热力作用.晚侏罗世-早白垩世的一期中浅成侵入型热力作用促进了上古生界煤变质并发生二次生烃作用;促进了上古生界烃源岩(煤系和暗色泥岩)热演化;岩浆上侵形成火山刺穿遮挡圈闭油气藏.     

塔里木巴楚小海子正长岩杂岩体的岩石成因探讨

巴楚小海子正长岩杂岩体是二叠纪塔里木大火成岩省的重要组成部分.SIMS锆石U-Pb定年显示其形成于279.7±2.0Ma,与本区辉绿岩脉和石英正长斑岩岩脉近于同时侵位.根据矿物学特征,小海子正长岩体可分为铁橄榄石正长岩和角闪正长岩两类.前者主要由碱性长石、铁橄榄石、单斜辉石、角闪石和少量石英、斜长石组成,后者主要由碱性长石、角闪石、黑云母和少量的石英、斜长石组成.小海子正长岩体为铁质、碱性系列,轻稀土相对富集,重稀土亏损,具有明显的Eu正异常,无Nb、Ta负异常,相对低的(87Sr/86Sr);(0.7033 ～0.7038)和正的εNd(t)值(+3.1～+3.8),暗示它们来自亏损的地幔源区,没有地壳物质的加入.主微量和同位素地球化学分析,暗示巴楚小海子正长岩的母岩浆为碱性的幔源玄武质岩浆经橄榄石、单斜辉石分离结晶后的残余熔体,并且含有堆晶的碱性长石.这种含有碱性长石堆晶的熔体,在相对还原的条件下结晶,形成铁橄榄石正长岩;在相对氧化的条件下结晶,并经过不同程度斜长石的分离结晶形成角闪正长岩.     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

正~~     

GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861