Influence of Load Path and Effective Stress on One-Dimensional Deformation of Cemented Paste Backfill (CPB) During Deposition and Curing

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - Pore water pressure and effective stress development within cemented paste backfill (as one of the most popular local and regional underground mining...     

Influence of Acid Attack on Physical Characteristics of Cemented Tailings Backfill

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - The strength of backfill plays an important role in the stability and safe mining of goaf. Considering the influence of underground acid environment, the...     

Influence of Water Pressure on the Stress State in Stopes with Cohesionless Backfill

The rapid increase of backfill use in underground mines requires a better understanding of the interaction between the fill material and the surrounding rock mass. This is a fairly complex issue as backfill materials are weak compared to the rock mass. This difference in the mechanical behavior induces a stress transfer along the contact area. Previous work conducted on backfilled trenches and mining stopes has shown that basic arching theory can be used to estimate earth pressures in narrow, vertical openings. In this regard, most existing solutions have been developed for dry backfills. However, in many cases, water is present in mine stopes, so its effect should be assessed. In this paper, the authors present a solution to evaluate the stress state in submerged or partially submerged backfilled stopes. The proposed analytical solution is validated against numerical modeling results.     

圆环试样内径对抗拉强度的影响

运用RFPA2D软件对岩石的单轴拉伸强度试验、不同内径的圆环试样的劈裂试验进行了模拟。比较模拟结果 ,重点研究了圆环试样内径对试件抗拉强度的影响 ,确定了最接近单轴拉伸试验结果内径的范围 ,利用回归分析确定了内径与试样抗拉强度之间的关系。     

Undrained Strength of Deposited Mine Tailings Beds: Effect of Water Content, Effective Stress and Time of Consolidation

An understanding of the geotechnical behaviour of mine tailings is imperative when evaluating the stability and erosional resistance of sedimented tailings beds; as well as for the design and long-term management of tailings disposal facilities. Laboratory testing was conducted on mine tailings beds of various ages and thicknesses, deposited from concentrated slurries. Measured index properties allowed classifying the tailings as a coarse grained and non-cohesive material. The results obtained from the performed sedimentation experiments showed that the primary consolidation of the tailings beds was complete in approximately 1 h and negligible volume changes occurred in the beds during secondary compression. The undrained shear strength of the tailings beds was measured using an automated fall cone device at a depth interval of 1 cm and a profile of the shear strength variation with depth was obtained. At each tested surface, moisture content specimens were taken to determine the moisture content profile of the tested tailings beds. The undrained shear strength of the beds varied between 0.008 and 0.975 kPa for effective stresses below 1.19 kPa and increased with depth. Correspondingly, the moisture content decreased with depth and varied between 17 and 27%. The factor controlling the undrained shear strength of the tested beds was the vertical effective stress, with the water content also having some secondary effect. The correlation between the undrained shear strength and the vertical effective stress was expressed with a second order polynomial function. Consolidation time did not appear to influence the observed shear strength.     

Laboratory Characterization of Cemented Tailings Paste Containing Crushed Waste Rocks for Improved Compressive Strength Development

This paper aims at investigating some physical and mechanical characteristics of cemented tailings paste incorporating different amounts of crushed waste rocks (hereinafter called paste aggregate fill, PAF) for underground stope filling. Different mixture formulations were prepared with three classes of crushed waste rocks (or aggregate) grain size, namely 0/10, 0/15 and 0/20 mm. The amount of crushed waste rocks in the PAF mixtures ranges from 10 to 50% by volume (% v/v) (or 8–45% by mass, %m) of dry mill tailings and crushed waste rocks. The results show that the addition of crushed waste rocks in cemented tailings paste mixtures allows a significant unconfined compressive strength (UCS) development after 28 and 90 days of curing. The highest UCS was obtained from the mixtures containing 50% v/v of crushed waste rocks of class of size 0/15 mm. The PAF mixtures with the coarser crushed waste rocks (class of size of 0/20 mm) exhibit some particles segregation.     

应力路径及初始固结条件对强度的影响

该文主要分析了应力路径以及初始固结条件对固结不排水强度指标的影响，并建立了卸荷状态下强度指标与应力路径及初始固结条件之间关系的理论公式。     

Research on the Mechanical Properties of 3D Printing Polymer Reinforced Cemented Tailings Backfill Under Uniaxial Compression

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - The brittle damage of the cemented tailings backfill (CTB) seriously threatens the safety of underground workers and equipment. To improve the toughness...     

Influence Mechanism of Mine Pressure on Coal Seam Gas Emission During Mining

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - Gas is one of the main factors causing coal mine accidents in China. Understanding the mechanism of the influence of mine pressure on coal seam gas...     

试件形状对冻结粉土抗压强度影响的试验研究

在不同温度和应变率条件下,分别对圆柱体和正方体冻结粉土进行了单轴抗压强度试验,分析比较了二者的应力-应变关系、抗压强度及破坏应变.结果发现:单轴压缩下正方体与圆柱体冻结粉土的力学性质存在差异.正方体冻结粉土的应力-应变曲线有明显的弹性屈服点,屈服点后曲线呈线性硬化,而圆柱体冻结粉土的应力-应变曲线无明显弹性屈服,全应力-应变曲线呈抛物线型.相同温度和应变率条件下,圆柱体试样的应变软化程度比正方体试样大.相同试验条件下正方体冻结粉土的抗压强度及破坏应变大于圆柱体的抗压强度和破坏应变,二者抗压强度及破坏应变的差异程度与温度和应变率无关.研究结果可为冻结壁的设计提供重要依据和参考.     

Influence of an Inclined Rock Stratum on In-Situ Stress State in an Open-Pit Mine

In-situ stress plays a major role with respect to deformation and stability around underground or surficial excavations located at significant depth. Many sedimentary rock masses are more or less horizontally bedded. However, a possibility exists to have one or few inclined rock strata such as dikes in these horizontally bedded formations. It is important to know how the in situ stress changes from a purely horizontally bedded situation to a horizontally bedded rock mass that contains one or few inclined rock strata. This paper presents such an investigation using the largest open-pit metal mine in China—as a case study. This mine has a bedded rock mass with one steeply inclined rock stratum. For the bedded rock mass, the vertical stress was calculated based on the overburden above each lithology. The available in situ stress measurements conducted at the mine were used to estimate the ratios of horizontal to vertical stress. Numerical modeling was performed for the two scenarios: (a) the horizontally bedded system subjected to both the in situ and boundary stresses and (b) the mine lithological system that includes an inclined stiffer (denser) stratum intruding softer horizontally bedded system subjected to only boundary stresses to investigate the influence of an inclined rock stratum on the computed stress field. Thirty points were selected to compute the stresses on six planes of the inclined rock stratum. Due to the discontinuous nature of the geologic system at the interface between the stiffer inclined stratum and softer horizontally bedded system, one principal stress has become normal to the interface plane and the other two have become parallel to the interface plane with all three being perpendicular to each other. Presence of the stiffer inclined rock stratum has given rise to (a) increase in normal stresses up to about 120 % in the inclined rock stratum and (b) new shear stresses approximately in the range ?10.0 to 15.0 MPa. This means, because most of the rock masses are not purely horizontally bedded, estimation of in situ stress through measurements as well as application of in situ stress in numerical modeling associated with underground or surficial excavations located at significant depth is a difficult exercise. A better way to estimate the in situ stresses for complex geologic systems may be through application of appropriate boundary stresses to the geologic system in a numerical model.     

榆神矿区矿山开发对水环境的影响及防治措施探讨

榆神矿区属我国内陆干旱区,水资源贫乏,生态环境十分脆弱,矿山开发对水环境的影响主要可以归结为地下水位下降、地下水补排平衡状态的破坏和水质污染的问题.针对影响水环境变化的因素提出开展采煤保水研究、调整矿山开发规划、矿水污染治理的措施.     

煤矿瓦斯抽排井套管强度校核计算方法探讨

近年来在煤矿安全生产中瓦斯抽排井得到越来越广泛的应用。这类井施工周期长、难度大、要求高,再加上套管直径大、总质量大、施工和套管的成本费用也很高,据所掌握的工程资料,国内已有数口井在施工过程的不同环节发生了不同形式的套管挤毁事故,造成整井报废,损失惨重。以某瓦斯抽排井下套管过程中工作套管发生严重挤毁事故为例,对其受力情况进行了深入分析,并在此基础上对大直径套管三轴应力强度校核计算方法作了详细论述。通过与传统单轴应力强度计算方法进行对比分析认为,套管三轴应力强度计算结果更准确科学,采用三轴应力强度计算方法指导前期套管设计,工程质量更加安全可靠,值得推广应用。     

提高钻杆接头螺纹强度的有效方法研究

以接触非线性有限元理论为基础，建立了钻杆接头螺纹非线性有限元分析模型。运用大型通用有限元分析软件研究了钻杆接头螺纹外径对其强度的影响规律。研究结果表明，适当增大螺纹外径，可以有效改善接头螺纹内部的应力分布状态，接头螺纹整体强度提高约32%。     

Determination of the Effective Stress Law for Deformation in Coalbed Methane Reservoirs

Effective stress laws and their application are not new, but are often overlooked or applied inappropriately. The complexity of using a proper effective stress law increases when analyzing stress variation in coal as a result of gas production or mining. In this paper, an effective stress law is derived analytically for coalbed methane reservoirs, combining the concepts of matrix shrinkage/swelling and external stress by including the effect of sorbing gas pressure on the elastic response of the reservoir. The proposed law reduces to that of Terzaghi when the compressibility of bulk material is sufficiently greater than the compressibility of the solid grain, and without the strain associated with matrix shrinkage/swelling effect. Moreover, it is shown that the Biot coefficient (α) can have a value larger than unity for self-swelling/dilation materials, such as coal. The proposed stress–strain relationship was validated using experimental results. Overall, the effective stress law for deformation was extended for sorptive materials, providing a new and unique technique to analyze the elastic behavior of coal by reducing three variables, namely, external stress, pore pressure and matrix shrinkage/swelling along with the associated stress, down to one variable, “effective stress”.     

伸展背景下塑性地层对断裂发育特征影响的实验分析

为了探讨塑性层在伸展型构造反转过程中对构造格局及断裂特征的影响规律,设计了两组具有不同岩石性质的伸展砂箱模型进行物理模拟.实验结果表明:在相同的伸展应力作用下,相对纯石英砂岩区,塑性地层的存在导致断层发育的时间更早,并且断层的断距及延伸长度更大;塑性地层的存在也可以影响断裂的发育格局,更容易形成滑脱型断层.在伸展型构造...     

含盐量对冻土强度的影响特征

Is shown that the durability of frozen salted soil is caused by concentration of porous solution formed during freezing of soil moisture     

Influence of Drying on the Stiffness and Strength of Cement-Stabilized Soils

Nowadays, improving the strength and deformation properties of soft soils by deep soil mixing is a commonly used technique. There is also an increasing interest in the use of this technique for foundation/structural elements and excavation retaining walls applications. The compressive strength and elastic modulus of the soil mix material are key parameters in the design of these structures. However, there is very limited information available on the impact of exposure to air drying (in the case of retaining wall) on the strength and stiffness of cement stabilized soils. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of different curing conditions (immersion in water, cycles of wetting and drying, continuous air drying) on the mechanical properties of soils treated with cement in the laboratory. Free–free resonance tests and unconfined compression tests were performed on specimens of silt and sand treated with blastfurnace slag cement. Strength increases more rapidly than stiffness between 7 and 30 days. The strength of stabilized soils submitted to cyclic wetting and drying before the cement hydration process is complete continues to increase. As long as the periods of drying do not induce microcracks, the stiffness of the treated soil specimens also increases with time. However, the stiffness is lower than for the specimens cured in water indicating a disruptive effect of the imposed wetting–drying cycles on stiffness. Continuous exposure to air drying inhibits strength development due to insufficient water for hydration. Significant stiffness decreases were observed on specimens of stabilized silt and are attributed to microcracking.     

The Influence of Water Balance for Slope Stability on the High Mine Waste Dump

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - One of the vital parts of mining activity is optimizing the mine waste dump. It means that the capacity needs to be conserved by the various aspects of...     

应力波在毛洞周围绕射时的波长-洞径比效应

本文用动力有限元数值模拟法研究了应力波在毛洞周围绕射时的波长-洞径比效应。采用了较普遍的三角形脉冲荷载,对七种波长-洞径比进行了计算分析,获得了比较完整的结果.除得到了洞边动应力集中系数随波长-洞径比变化的完整曲线外,还获得了整个应力场的变化情况,特别是洞周围径向和环向拉伸应力的数值及所出现范围的变化规律,并考察了荷载脉冲上升前沿长度 (从零到峰值)所造成的影响.另外,对两种波长的应力波峰值通过毛洞时所产生的动应力分布与相应的静态情况也作了比较.