华北地区小震综合断层面解的动态变化

本文采用地震学P波初动资料求解小地震综合断层面解方法,使用115个地震台的4000余个小地震初动资料,测定了华北地区近年小震应力场。提出在同一地震构造带上,小震断层面解的主压应力方向具有一致性。大地震前、后区域应力场可能发生变化。分析了1981年菏泽5.9级地震前小震应力场的动态变化特征等。指出随着大地震的发生,区域应力场发生变化是形成复杂的多层次的地震活动性的基础。最后,对华北地区应力场特征及高应力背景区等做了讨论     

MICROSTRUCTURAL FEATURES AND IMPLICATIONS OF FAULT GOUGE FROM THE FAULTS OF BEDROCK REGION IN THE CENTRAL-NORTHERN JIANGXI PROVINCE,CHINA

How to survey fault activity and determine seismogenic structures in a relatively stable and bedrock-distributed region is a challenging research work. Ruichang-Tonggu Fault and Yifeng-Jingdezhen Fault, distributed mainly at the pre-Cenozoic bedrock region, show the geological evidences of activity in the Quaternary and they are two important tectonic belts for the occurrence of moderate earthquakes in the central-northern Jiangxi Province. Fault gouge stripes can be found on the outcrop sections of the two faults. The imageries of the microstructures of fault gouge show abundant phenomena about the structural deformation, and it is clear that the fault gouge was formed by structural activity. As to the deformation modes, there are not only the Y-shears and R1-shears, which represent the localized-brittle deformation, but also the P-foliations, which reflect the ductile deformation in the microstructures of fault gouge. These features demonstrate that the micro-scale rapid deformation can exist in the seismogenic structure at the near-surface in the occurrence process of moderate earthquakes very possibly. The microstructures of soft material from the fault outcrop section at the southern segment of Hukou-Xingan Fault, which is inactive in the Quaternary, reflects that the soft material from the fault zone can also be the products of rainwater leaching and filling, or weathering in the later periods. Based on the macroscopic observation in the field, it is sometimes difficult to distinguish the differences of structurally-formed or non-structurally formed soft gunk in the fault zones, however, their differences in the microstructure on the slices grinded indoor are obvious. The relatively stable bedrock areas in South China often are not only favorable for the siting of major projects, such as nuclear power plant in China, but also the economically-developed, densely populated, urban agglomeration areas. The study of microstructure of fault gouge provides a technical reference approach for the identification of fault activity and the determination of seismogenic structure of moderate-strong earthquakes in assessing the seismotectonic environment in these regions.     

赣北地区构造应力场分析

采用双差定位方法对赣北地区2008年1月—2019年7月545个地震进行重新定位,重定位地震在九江、宜春和新余等地区分布更为集中.结合地震精定位结果,利用格点尝试法分区计算赣北地区小震综合断层面解.结果表明,九江及周边地区最大主应力轴为近东西向,最小主应力轴为近南北向,这与其他学者的研究结果基本一致,认为该地区构造应力...     

DETERMINATION OF FAULT PLANE PARAMETERS IN THE LONGTAN RESERVOIR BY USING PRECISELY LOCATED SMALL EARTHQUAKE DATA AND REGIONAL STRESS FIELD

The Longtan reservoir is located in Tian'e County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, southwestern China on the upper reaches of Hongshui River, the main stream of the Pearl River. The dam of the reservoir is 200m high, and the maximum water depth can be up to 194m as the water level reaches 400m. The reservoir storage capacity is 27.3 billion cubic meters, so it is a typical high-dam reservoir with large storage capacity. Terrain of the reservoir is high in the west and low in the east. The reservoir is located at the confluence of the Hongshui River, Buliu River, Nanpan River, Beipan River, Mengjiang River and Caodu River. The construction of Longtan hydropower station officially started in July 2001, and the reservoir impoundment was on September 30, 2006. The power station is equipped with 9 sets of 700 000kW water turbine generator units, with a total installed capacity of 6.3 million kW and an average annual generating capacity of 18.7 billion kW·h. So its storage and hydropower capacity rank third only to the world-famous Three Gorges hydropower project and the ultra-large hydropower project in Xiluodu of Jinsha River in China. Seismicity enhanced rapidly in the reservoir area after the impoundment. More the 5 000 earthquakes have been recorded so far, with the maximum magnitude of M_L4.8, which occurred on September 18, 2010. The earthquakes are mainly concentrated in the deep water area where fault zones run through. Assuming the seismogenic fault can be simulated by a plane and most small earthquakes occur nearby the fault plane, the information of seismogenic fault can be obtained by the hypocenter location parameters of small earthquakes.