RESEARCH ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FRACTAL FACTORS AND TECTONIC ACTIVITY——A CASE STUDY OF SOUTHWESTERN YUNNAN BLOCK

Geomorphology could record long-term accumulation of tectonic movement and quantify it by relevant parameters.But because the influences of other factors such as climate and lithology,how to use the relevant parameters to reveal the relationship between geomorphology and tectonics is a research hot spot.In this paper,we utilize the variogram method and the cellular fractal model to estimate parameters such as the fractal dimension (D) and ordinate intercept (γ) from the SRTM3 DEM using a moving window operation.We compare the distribution characteristics of the parameters in different climate and lithology.The results indicate that the correlation between the parameters and lithology or climate is very poor.The fractal dimension (D) reveals a very good correlation with tectonics,which is low in tectonically inactive areas and high in active areas.It implies that fractal dimension (D) may be a new method for research of regional tectonic movement.     

EFFECTS OF RIVER ICE ON STAGE-DISCHARGE RELATIONSHIPS——A CASE STUDY OF THE YELLOW RIVER

Using field observations at four gauging stations along the Inner Mongolia Reach of the Yellow River in China, this paper explores effects of the ice on the hydraulics of this river reach for four different conditions, namely: under open channel flow, during ice-running period, the ice-covered period, and the river break-up period. The rating curves were found to be well recognized under open channel situations, but were sometimes poorly defined and extremely variable under ice conditions. The results also show that the water level is insensitive to flowing ice prior to freeze-up. However, significant, but hardly surprising, variations were observed during ice-covered conditions. The rating curves for both the ice covered condition and river ice breakup period are developed and some related hydraulic issues are examined. Additionally, the impacts of the ice accumulation and associated riverbed deformation during ice period on the rating curves are discussed.     

THE APPLICATION OF PETROLEUM SEISMIC DATA TO THE BURIED ACTIVE FAULT DETECTION——A CASE STUDY OF ACTIVE FAULTS SURVEYING IN SONGYUAN CITY

Located in the south of the Songliao Basin, Songyuan City is one of the few high seismic intensity regions (Ⅷ degree regions) in Northeast China, where a magnitude 6(3/4) earthquake took place in 1119. Since 2013, many earthquakes of magnitude above 5 have occurred in Chaganhua Town which is 100km southwest of Songyuan. The faults in the study region are almost all in a concealed state and covered by the Quaternary system, therefore, geophysical investigation, drilling and other similar means are required to determine their distribution, occurrence, nature and active period. Many seismic explorations in this region aiming at surveying the oil bearing structure have been conducted by Jilin Oilfield, which provides detailed seismic exploration information for preliminary detection of active faults. In this paper, the main features of petroleum-related seismic data and major methods for extracting tectonic information are presented; on the plain, the trace information of the main structure is extracted by the t0 interface contour map which allows direct reflection of rises and falls of stratal interfaces and the tectonic characteristics of the corresponding geologic period; on the section, the "extending upwards" characteristics of faults are captured by tracing and marking geological phenomena in the reflective standard layer, faults, the surface of unconformity and so on. Under the comprehensive use of the "3D" structure in the interpretation of the results, accurate spatial distribution information of main faults are obtained in the study region, this offers an effective approach to preliminary judgment of the activity of faults in this region. Meanwhile, the active age of the target faults is identified by superimposing the deep and shallow seismic data and integrating with the drilling detection.     

ON THE INFLUENCE OF TURBULENCE ON THE INITIATION OF SEDIMENT MOTION

1 PROBLEM DEFINITION Owing to the practical importance of the initiation of motion many researchers began to tackle this problem even at the beginning of the last century (e.g. Kramer (1932, 1935), Casey (1935)). Shields (1936, Fig. 1) developed a non-dimensional representation based on the measured data of Casey, Kramer, USWES and Gilbert, together with his own data based on investigations with succinite sand, lignite, granite chips and heavy spar. Despite the different material p…     

THE ACTIVITY OF A FAULT ZONE INFERRED FROM MICROSTRUCTURAL STUDY OF DEFORMED ROCKS

The neotectonic activity of a minor fault zone on the Southwest margin of Yangzi platform has been studied based on analysis and comparison of the microstructural features of deformed rocks within and outside the fault zone.According to thermoluminesccne dating it is proposed that after Pleistocene there would be more than one active period of the fault.The strees of the main period was up to 700 bars.The strain and stress of the rocks within the fault during the faulting process were significantly greater than those in the rocks outside the fault     

NEWS OF THE SINO－GERMAN COOPERATION RESEARCH ACTIVITIES IN THE STUDY ON UNSTEADY SEDIMENT TRANSPORT

ＮＥＷＳＯＦＴＨＥＳＩＮＯ－ＧＥＲＭＡＮＣＯＯＰＥＲＡＴＩＯＮＲＥＳＥＡＲＣＨＡＣＴＩＶＩＴＩＥＳＩＮＴＨＥＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＵＮＳＴＥＡＤＹＳＥＤＩＭＥＮＴＴＲＡＮＳＰＯＲＴ￥／／ＳｕｐｐｏｒｔｅｄｂｙｔｈｅＮａｔｉｏｎａｌＮａｔｕｒａｌＳｃｉｅｎｃｅ...     

THE OPERATION MODE OF “STORING THE CLEAR WATER AND DISCHARGING THE MUDDY FLOW” FOR RESERVOIRS BUILT ON HEAVILY SILT-LADEN RIVERS——A CASE STUDY OF THE SANMENXIA RESERVOIR

Observation of the operation of the Sanmenxia Reservoir on the Yellow River has led to the conclusion that to preserve a certain effective storage volume for reservoirs built on heavily silt-laden rivers is feasible if the reservoir is operated according to the principle known as“storing the clear water and discharging the muddy flow”. The relative stability of the bed elevation at the end of the backwater and the reservoir‘s erosion and deposition equilibrium depend on the compatibility of the pool level maintained in non-flood seasons with the conditions of flow and sediment load during flood seasons. Operating the reservoir to regulate the flood and sediment load during flood seasons can reduce the rate ofaggradation in the Lower Yellow River. The basic condition for applying the operation mode of “storing the clear water and discharging the muddy flow” is that a sufficient amount of water should be used for discharging sediment during flood seasons. Under the condition of extremely low flow years, reservoir sedimentation cannot be avoided even if this operation mode is adopted.     

STUDY ON SEISMOGENIC PROBABILITIES OF POTENTIAL HYPOCENTER REGIONS IN THE CENTRAL QINGHAI-TIBET PLATEAU USING A TECTONOPHYSICAL METHOD

A deterministic-cum-probabilistic tectonophysical method is used to estimate the hypocentral parameters and seismogenic probabilities of the potential hypocenter regions before and after the Nov. 5. 1988 earthquake (Ms =7) west of Tuotuoheyan in terms of the tectonic feature, stratigraphic structure, geoth-ermal environment, and driving background in the central Qinghai-Tibet plateau. As a result, the earth-quake risk tendency of this area is discussed     

USING UAV PHOTOGRAMMETRY TECHNOLOGY TO EXTRACT INFORMATION OF TECTONIC ACTIVITY OF COMPLEX ALLUVIAL FAN——A CASE STUDY OF AN ALLUVIAL FAN IN THE SOUTHERN MARGIN OF BARKOL BASIN

Alluvial fans that are in the process of development always show complex geomorphic features due to natural modification. Accordingly, analyzing these fans whether to be influenced by tectonic deformation is one of the technique difficulties in active tectonic studies. Complex alluvial fans are the focus of the study of active tectonics such as fracture mapping and activity behavior analysis, for they have often retained important structural information. Traditional measurement methods, such as satellite remote sensing, RTK GPS and Lidar, are difficult to meet the demand for the study of micro tectonic deformation because of the reason of accuracy or cost performance. The recent UAV photogrammetry technology, due to its many advantages such as low cost, high resolution, and efficiency of exporting DEM and DOM data, has been widely used in three-dimensional modeling, ground mapping and other fields. In the quantitative study of active tectonics, this technology fills up the deficiency in the research of the micro structure of the traditional measurement. Through detailed field investigations and paleoseismic trenching, we further used this technology to obtain the topographic data of a complex alluvial fan located at the southern marginal fault of Barkol Basin, Xinjiang. Pointing at the alluvial fans that are in the process of development, and on the basis of topographic analysis and image processing for DEM, we take the research method of secondary partitions of the geomorphic surface and cut the alluvial fans longitudinally according to the difference of its age. Through the establishment of profile cluster within each partition, separate analysis and data contrast with the adjacent partitions, we acquired the tectonic activity information during the development of alluvial fan. The tectonic vertical deformation of this alluvial fan is about 2.5m.     

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON INCIPIENT MOTION OF SEDIMENT PARTICLES ON GENERALIZED SLOPING FLUVIAL BEDS

1 INTRODUCTIONWhen water flows over a fluvial bed, hydro-dynandc force induced by the flow is acting on thesediment particles lying on the bed. A further increase in flow velocity results in an increase in themagnitude of this fOrce; and sediment particles begin to move if a situation is eventu8lly reached whenthe hydro-dynandc force exceeds a certain critical value. This initial movement of sediment pallicles istermed inciPient motion. The erosion and sedimentation of nuvial beds can be…     

RESUSPENSION OF FINE SEDIMENT IN RESERVOIRS - A CASE STUDY OF THE LOWER INN RIVER

1 THE LOWhR unR INNThe Inn river has its source in the alPine region of the GraubUnden canton of Switzerand. ThecatChment area of about 260(X} kIn2 includes mountains of the central Alpes up to 40(X) m. The river runs5l7 km thrOugh the countries of SwitZerand, Austria and Germany on itS way into the Danube mver. Thedischarge of the river at its mouth in the city of Passau is mainly infiuenced by the snow melt in themountainous catchment area and vches between apProx. 200 m3ls durin…     

A CASE STUDY ON POSSIBLE DEBRIS FLOW CAUSED BY WASTE SOLID IN JUNGAR COALFIELD AREA

Debrisflow,definedasakindofhighlycondensedtit!o-phaseflowofsolidandfluid,iscomposedofslurryandrocksofdifferentsizeswithageneraldensity'ofI.2to2.3t/m3.Theactivityliesbetweenfloodandlandslide.Itflowslikenormalfloodandsholvsturbulentstateaswithlesssolidcontentsandlowerviscosity,itisplasticviscousflowwithunstablegUstmovementwhellitisofhighsolidcontainsandhighviscosity.Debrisflowisformedunderthreebasicconditionsfprecipitousslopeoflandform,solidwasteoflargevolume,andenoughwatersupply.Theoccurrence,…     

LANDFORM MORPHOLOGIC RELATIONS BETWEEN INTER-GULLIED AND GULLIED LAND AREAS —A CASE STUDY OF THE WANGJIAGOU WATERSHED IN THE WEST OF SHANXI PROVINCE

1 INTRODUCTION In the past years, because of a lack of modern techniques, the research on gullied/inter-gullied land erosion mainly depended on field monitoring, such as utilizing marking posts and/or topographic maps to investigate gullied/inter-gullied …     

MODELING STUDY ON SEDIMENTATION CONFIGURATION IN FRONT OF THE DAM AND IN THE PRESSURE CONDUIT OF BOTTOM OUTLETS BY FLUME EXPERIMENT

I.INTRODUCTIONReseri,oirsonoverloadedriverswillreachthestateofrelativeequilibriumwithcontinuousdevelopmentofsedimentation.Insuchcase,thereisdePOsitinfrontofthedam.Thereforethesiltpressureonthedambodyisconsiderablylarge.Sedimentationelevationinfrontofthedamisoneofthefactorsofcalculatingthesiltpressure.Inaddition,tokeeplong-termworkingstorageinreservoif,itisnecessarytoinstallbottomoutlets.Asthereisapressureconduitinfrontoftheoperatinggateofthebottomoutlet,thesedimelltenteredtheconduitwill…     

FAULT DISPLACEMENT AND RECURRENCE INTERVAIS OF EARTHQUAKES ON THE NORTHERN SEGMENT THE HONCHE RIVER FAULT ZONE,YUNNAN PROVINCE

Displacement rale along the Honghe River fault (northern segment) since Pleistocene was determined in this paper on the basis of geological investigation:for the narrow valley segment (Dingxiling),offset rate is 8mm/yr,and the throw rate is 1.8mm/yr;for wide one (Dali),5mm/yr and 9mm/yr,respectively.It can be estimated from the parameters of fault displacement that recurrence intervals for M6,8 earthquake are 178±29 years.It is consistent with the recurrence intervals (150±50 years) of M 6-7 earthquakes from historic seismic records in this area.It may be useful to immediate-long term earthquake prediction     

NUMERICAL STUDY ON THE MIXING OF UNSORTED SEDIMENT PARTICLES DISCHARGED INTO A CROSS-FLOW BY MULTIPHASE PARTICLE-IN-CELL （MP-PIC） METHOD

The mixing characteristics of dredged sediments of variable size discharged into cross-flow are studied by an Eulerian-Lagrangian method. A three-dimensional (3D) numerical model has been developed by using the modified k-ε parameterization for the turbulence in fluid phase/water and a Lagrangian method for the solid phase/sediments. In the model the wake turbulence induced by sediments has been included as additional source and sink terms in the k-ε model; and the trajectories of the sediments are tracked by the Lagrangian method in which the sediment drift velocities in cross-flow are computed by a multiphase particle-in-cell (MP-PIC) method and the diffusion process is approximated by a random walk model. The hydrodynamic behavior of dumped sediment cloud is governed by the total buoyancy on the cloud, the drag force on each particle and velocity of cross-flow. The cross-flow destroys more or less the double vortices occurred in stagnant ambience and dominates the longitudinal movement of sediment cloud. The computed results suggest satisfactory agreement by comparison with the experimental results of laboratory.     

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON SEDIMENT FLUSHING OF DONGZHUANG RESERVOIR ON THE JINGHE RIVER

~~AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON SEDIMENT FLUSHING OF DONGZHUANG RESERVOIR ON THE JINGHE RIVER@Hongwu ZHANG$Department of Hydraulic Engineering,Tsinghua University!Beijing100084 @Ouyang ZHANG$Department of Hydraulic Engineering,Tsinghua University!Beijing100084 @Junhua ZHANG$Institute of Hydraulic Research of Yellow River Conservation Commission!zhengzhou 450003 @Guodong WANG$Institute of Hydraulic Research of Yellow River Conservation Comm…     

A STUDY ON VIBRATION REDUCTION IN HIGH-RISE STRUCTURES BY MULTI-TLDs

本文研究高层建筑利用调液阻尼器（ＴＬＤ）减小地震反应的方法。首先探讨了激励频率比、调谐频率比对减震效果的影响。在此基础上建立了具有不同ＴＬＤ设置方式的高层建筑体系的学模型和运动方程，首次提出了利用多个ＴＬＤ减小高层建筑多个振型的方法。最后通过数值算例验证了本文方法的有效性。     

NUMERICAL STUDY ON ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE THIRD SHANGHAI SEWERAGE PROJECT

1 INTRODUCTION Shanghai, Chinas largest metropolitan area with a population of about 14 million, is situated at the mouth of the Yangtze River, and bordered with the East China Sea to the east, Hangzhou Bay to the south, and the provinces of Zhejiang and Jiangsu to the west. It is a region with intensive distribution of rivers and lakes. The good geographic location and natural conditions have provided the city with superiority in its social and economic center and port city of the co…